scholarly journals Pleiotropic function of the SQUAMOSA PROMOTER-BINDING PROTEIN-LIKE gene TaSPL14 in wheat plant architecture

Planta ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 253 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jie Cao ◽  
Kaiye Liu ◽  
Wanjun Song ◽  
Jianing Zhang ◽  
Yingyin Yao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Architecture ◽  
Binding Protein ◽  
Wheat Plant ◽  
Panicle Length ◽  
Thousand Grain Weight ◽  
Spikelet Number ◽  
Knock Out ◽  
Ethylene Response ◽  
Spike Development ◽  
Squamosa Promoter Binding Protein

Abstract Main conclusion The function of SQUAMOSA PROMOTER-BINDING PROTEIN-BOX gene TaSPL14 in wheat is similar to that of OsSPL14 in rice in regulating plant height, panicle length, spikelet number, and thousand-grain weight of wheat, but differs during tiller development. TaSPL14 may regulate spike development via ethylene-response gene EIN3-LIKE 1 (TaEIL1), ETHYLENE-RESPONSIVE TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR 2.11 (TaRAP2.11), and ETHYLENE-RESPONSIVE TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR 1 (TaERF1), but not DENSE AND ERECT PANICLE 1 (TaDEP1) in wheat. Abstract The SQUAMOSA PROMOTER-BINDING PROTEIN-LIKE gene OsSPL14 from rice is considered to be a major determinant of ideal plant architecture consisting of few unproductive tillers, more grains per spike, and high resistance of stems to lodging. However, the function of its orthologous gene, TaSPL14, in wheat is unknown. Here, we reported the functional similarities and differences between TaSPL14 and OsSPL14. Similar to OsSPL14 knock-outs in rice, wheat TaSPL14 knock-out plants exhibited decreased plant height, panicle length, spikelet number, and thousand-grain weight. In contrast to OsSPL14, however, TaSPL14 did not affect tiller number. Transcriptome analysis revealed that the expression of genes related to ethylene response was significantly decreased in young spikes of TaSPL14 knock-out lines as compared with wild type. TaSPL14 directly binds to the promoters of the ethylene-response genes TaEIL1, TaRAP2.11, and TaERF1, and promotes their expression, suggesting that TaSPL14 might regulate wheat spike development via the ethylene-response pathway. The elucidation of TaSPL14 will contribute to understanding of the molecular mechanisms that underlie wheat plant architecture.

scholarly journals Pleiotropic function of SQUAMOSA PROMOTER-BINDING PROTEIN-BOX gene TaSPL14 on plant architecture of wheat

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jie Cao ◽  
Kaiye Liu ◽  
Wanjun Song ◽  
Jianing Zhang ◽  
Yingyin Yao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factor ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Plant Architecture ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Spike Length ◽  
Thousand Grain Weight ◽  
Spikelet Number ◽  
Ethylene Response ◽  
Spike Development ◽  
Squamosa Promoter Binding Protein

Abstract Background SQUAMOSA PROMOTER-BINDING PROTEIN-BOX gene OsSPL14 from rice is evaluated as the major gene for ideal plant architecture consisting of few unproductive tillers, more grains per spike and high lodging resistance stems. However, the function of its orthologous gene TaSPL14 in wheat is still unknown. Results Here, we reported the similarity and variation between TaSPL14 and OsSPL14. Similar to OsSPL14, TaSPL14 knock-out mutants exhibited decreased plant height, spike length, spikelet number, thousand-grain weight. Different from OsSPL14, TaSPL14 had no effect on tiller number. Transcriptome analysis genes related to ethylene response were significantly decreased in young spikes of TaSPL14 knockout mutants, compared with wild type. TaSPL14 directly binds to the promoters of the ethylene response gene TaEIL1 (EIN3-LIKE 1), TaRAP2.11 (ETHYLENE-RESPNSIVE TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR 2.11) and TaERF1 (ETHYLENE-RESPNSIVE TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR 1) and activities their expression, suggesting that TaSPL14 might regulate wheat spike development through ethylene response pathway. Conclusions TaSPL14 had similar function with OsSPL14 in regulating plant height, spike length, spikelet number and thousand-grain weight of wheat, and had different function in tiller development. TaSPL14 might regulate spike development through TaEIL1, TaRAP2.11 and TaERF1, not TaDEP1.The elucidation of TaSPL14 will contribute to exploring the molecular mechanisms underlying plant architecture of wheat.

scholarly journals Genome-Wide Analysis of Poplar SQUAMOSA-Promoter-Binding Protein (SBP) Family under Salt Stress

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 413
Author(s):  
Qing Guo ◽  
Li Li ◽  
Kai Zhao ◽  
Wenjing Yao ◽  
Zihan Cheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Abiotic Stress ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Binding Protein ◽  
Gene Segment ◽  
Gene Expression Pattern ◽  
Genome Wide Analysis ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Squamosa Promoter Binding Protein

SQUAMOSA promoter binding protein (SBP) is a kind of plant-specific transcription factor, which plays a crucial role in stress responses and plant growth and development by activating and inhibiting the transcription of multiple target genes. In this study, a total of 30 SBP genes were identified from Populus trichocarpa genome and randomly distributed on 16 chromosomes in poplar. According to phylogenetic analysis, the PtSBPs can be divided into six categories, and 14 out of the genes belong to VI. Furthermore, the SBP genes in VI were proved to have a targeting relationship with miR156. The homeopathic element analysis showed that the promoters of poplar SBP genes mainly contain the elements involved in growth and development, abiotic stress and hormone response. In addition, there existed 10 gene segment duplication events in the SBP gene duplication analysis. Furthermore, there were four poplar and Arabidopsis orthologous gene pairs among the poplar SBP members. What is more, poplar SBP gene family has diverse gene expression pattern under salt stress. As many as nine SBP members were responding to high salt stress and six members possibly participated in growth development and abiotic stress. Yeast two-hybrid experiments indicated that PtSBPs can form heterodimers to interact in the transcriptional regulatory networks. The genome-wide analysis of poplar SBP family will contribute to function characterization of SBP genes in woody plants.

scholarly journals Calcium Handling Derangement is Associated with Conditional Cardiac Myosin Binding Protein C Knock Out

2012 ◽  
Vol 102 (3) ◽  
pp. 226a-227a
Author(s):  
Erin M. Capes ◽  
Randall Loaiza ◽  
Peter P. Chen ◽  
Daniel P. Fitzsimons ◽  
Hector H. Valdivia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein C ◽  
Binding Protein ◽  
Calcium Handling ◽  
Cardiac Myosin ◽  
Knock Out ◽  
Myosin Binding Protein ◽  
Myosin Binding Protein C ◽  
Myosin Binding

scholarly journals Roles of the GA-mediated SPL Gene Family and miR156 in the Floral Development of Chinese Chestnut (Castanea mollissima)

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (7) ◽  
pp. 1577 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guosong Chen ◽  
Jingtong Li ◽  
Yang Liu ◽  
Qing Zhang ◽  
Yuerong Gao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Target Genes ◽  
Floral Development ◽  
Binding Protein ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Evolutionary Relationship ◽  
Deciduous Tree ◽  
Main Function ◽  
Squamosa Promoter Binding Protein ◽  
Spl Genes ◽  
Castanea Mollissima

Chestnut (Castanea mollissima) is a deciduous tree species with major economic and ecological value that is widely used in the study of floral development in woody plants due its monoecious and out-of-proportion characteristics. Squamosa promoter-binding protein-like (SPL) is a plant-specific transcription factor that plays an important role in floral development. In this study, a total of 18 SPL genes were identified in the chestnut genome, of which 10 SPL genes have complementary regions of CmmiR156. An analysis of the phylogenetic tree of the squamosa promoter-binding protein (SBP) domains of the SPL genes of Arabidopsis thaliana, Populus trichocarpa, and C. mollissima divided these SPL genes into eight groups. The evolutionary relationship between poplar and chestnut in the same group was similar. A structural analysis of the protein-coding regions (CDSs) showed that the domains have the main function of SBP domains and that other domains also play an important role in determining gene function. The expression patterns of CmmiR156 and CmSPLs in different floral organs of chestnut were analyzed by real-time quantitative PCR. Some CmSPLs with similar structural patterns showed similar expression patterns, indicating that the gene structures determine the synergy of the gene functions. The application of gibberellin (GA) and its inhibitor (Paclobutrazol, PP333) to chestnut trees revealed that these exert a significant effect on the number and length of the male and female chestnut flowers. GA treatment significantly increased CmmiR156 expression and thus significantly decreased the expression of its target gene, CmSPL6/CmSPL9/CmSPL16, during floral bud development. This finding indicates that GA might indirectly affect the expression of some of the SPL target genes through miR156. In addition, RNA ligase-mediated rapid amplification of the 5′ cDNA ends (RLM-RACE) experiments revealed that CmmiR156 cleaves CmSPL9 and CmSPL16 at the 10th and 12th bases of the complementary region. These results laid an important foundation for further study of the biological function of CmSPLs in the floral development of C. mollissima.

scholarly journals Genotype × Light Quality Interaction on Rose Architecture

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 913
Author(s):  
Laurent Crespel ◽  
Camille Le Bras ◽  
Thomas Amoroso ◽  
Mateo Gabriel Unda Ulloa ◽  
Philippe Morel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Architecture ◽  
Light Quality ◽  
Branching Processes ◽  
Ornamental Plants ◽  
Stem Length ◽  
Specific Response ◽  
Knock Out ◽  
Light Emitting ◽  
Light Spectra ◽  
Genetic And Environmental Factors

Plant shape, and thereby plant architecture, is a major component of the visual quality of ornamental plants. Plant architecture results from growth and branching processes and is dependent on genetic and environmental factors such as light quality. The effects of genotype and light quality and their interaction were evaluated on rose bush architecture. In a climatic growth chamber, three cultivars (Baipome, Knock Out® Radrazz and ‘The Fairy’) with contrasting architecture were exposed to three different light spectra, using white (W), red (R), and far-red (FR) light-emitting diodes (LEDs), i.e., W, WR, and WRFR. The R/FR ratio varied between treatments, ranging from 7.5 for WRFR to 23.2 for WR. Light intensity (224.6 μmol m−2 s−1) was the same for all treatments. Plants were grown up to the order 1 axis flowering stage, and their architecture was digitized at two observation scales—plant and axis. Highly significant genotype and light quality effects were revealed for most of the variables measured. An increase in stem length, in the number of axes and in the number of flowered axes was observed under the FR enriched light, WRFR. However, a strong genotype × light quality interaction, i.e., a genotype-specific response was highlighted. More in-depth eco-physiological and biochemical investigations are needed to better understand rose behavior in response to light quality and thus identify the determinants of the genotype × light quality interaction.

scholarly journals Constitutive Expression of Aechmea fasciata SPL14 (AfSPL14) Accelerates Flowering and Changes the Plant Architecture in Arabidopsis

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (7) ◽  
pp. 2085 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming Lei ◽  
Zhi-ying Li ◽  
Jia-bin Wang ◽  
Yun-liu Fu ◽  
Meng-fei Ao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Architecture ◽  
Ornamental Plants ◽  
Constitutive Expression ◽  
Aesthetic Value ◽  
Vegetative Organs ◽  
Squamosa Promoter Binding Protein ◽  
Aechmea Fasciata ◽  
Ethephon Treatment ◽  
The Aesthetic

Variations in flowering time and plant architecture have a crucial impact on crop biomass and yield, as well as the aesthetic value of ornamental plants. Aechmea fasciata, a member of the Bromeliaceae family, is a bromeliad variety that is commonly cultivated worldwide. Here, we report the characterization of AfSPL14, a squamosa promoter binding protein-like gene in A. fasciata. AfSPL14 was predominantly expressed in the young vegetative organs of adult plants. The expression of AfSPL14 could be upregulated within 1 h by exogenous ethephon treatment. The constitutive expression of AfSPL14 in Arabidopsis thaliana caused early flowering and variations in plant architecture, including smaller rosette leaves and thicker and increased numbers of main inflorescences. Our findings suggest that AfSPL14 may help facilitate the molecular breeding of A. fasciata, other ornamental and edible bromeliads (e.g., pineapple), and even cereal crops.

scholarly journals Fatty Acid Binding Protein 3 Enhances the Spreading and Toxicity of α-Synuclein in Mouse Brain

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 2230 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasushi Yabuki ◽  
Kazuya Matsuo ◽  
Ichiro Kawahata ◽  
Naoya Fukui ◽  
Tomohiro Mizobata ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Mouse Brain ◽  
Fatty Acid Binding Protein ◽  
Binding Protein ◽  
Lewy Bodies ◽  
Substantia Nigra Pars Compacta ◽  
Fatty Acid Binding ◽  
Knock Out ◽  
Acid Binding Protein ◽  
The Brain

Oligomerization and/or aggregation of α-synuclein (α-Syn) triggers α-synucleinopathies such as Parkinson’s disease and dementia with Lewy bodies. It is known that α-Syn can spread in the brain like prions; however, the mechanism remains unclear. We demonstrated that fatty acid binding protein 3 (FABP3) promotes propagation of α-Syn in mouse brain. Animals were injected with mouse or human α-Syn pre-formed fibrils (PFF) into the bilateral substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc). Two weeks after injection of mouse α-Syn PFF, wild-type (WT) mice exhibited motor and cognitive deficits, whereas FABP3 knock-out (Fabp3−/−) mice did not. The number of phosphorylated α-Syn (Ser-129)-positive cells was significantly decreased in Fabp3−/− mouse brain compared to that in WT mice. The SNpc was unilaterally infected with AAV-GFP/FABP3 in Fabp3−/− mice to confirm the involvement of FABP3 in the development of α-Syn PFF toxicity. The number of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH)- and phosphorylated α-Syn (Ser-129)-positive cells following α-Syn PFF injection significantly decreased in Fabp3−/− mice and markedly increased by AAV-GFP/FABP3 infection. Finally, we confirmed that the novel FABP3 inhibitor MF1 significantly antagonized motor and cognitive impairments by preventing α-Syn spreading following α-Syn PFF injection. Overall, FABP3 enhances α-Syn spreading in the brain following α-Syn PFF injection, and the FABP3 ligand MF1 represents an attractive therapeutic candidate for α-synucleinopathy.

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