scholarly journals Body composition monitoring in children and adolescents: reproducibility and reference values

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annelies Van Eyck ◽  
Sofie Eerens ◽  
Dominique Trouet ◽  
Eline Lauwers ◽  
Kristien Wouters ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Reference Values ◽  
Total Body Water ◽  
The Body ◽  
Lean Tissue ◽  
Tissue Mass ◽  
Lean Tissue Mass ◽  
Body Composition Monitor ◽  
Total Body

AbstractThere is an increasing need for suitable tools to evaluate body composition in paediatrics. The Body Composition Monitor (BCM) shows promise as a method, but reference values in children are lacking. Twenty children were included and measured twice by 4 different raters to asses inter- and intra-rater reproducibility of the BCM. Reliability was assessed using the Bland-Altman method and by calculating intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs). The intra-rater ICCs were high (≥ 0.97) for all parameters measured by BCM as were the inter-rater ICCs for all parameters (≥ 0.98) except for overhydration (0.76). Consequently, a study was set up in which BCM measurements were performed in 2058 healthy children aged 3–18.5 years. The age- and gender-specific percentile values and reference curves for body composition (BMI, waist circumference, fat mass and lean tissue mass) and fluid status (extracellular and intracellular water and total body water) relative to age were produced using the GAMLSS method for growth curves.Conclusion: A high reproducibility of BCM measurements was found for fat mass, lean tissue mass, extracellular water and total body water. Reference values for these BCM parameters were calculated in over 2000 children and adolescents aged 3 to 18 years. What is Known• The 4-compartment model is regarded as the ‘gold standard’ of body composition methods, but is inappropriate for regular follow-up or screening of large groups, because of associated limitations. • Body Composition Monitor® is an inexpensive field method that has the potential to be an adequate monitoring tool.What is New• Good reproducibility of BCM measurements in children provides evidence to use the device in longitudinal follow-up, multicentre and comparative studies.• Paediatric reference values relative to age and sex for the various compartments of the body are provided.

Effects of Ingesting Supplements Designed to Promote Lean Tissue Accretion on Body Composition during Resistance Training

1996 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 234-246 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard B. Kreider ◽  
Robert Klesges ◽  
Karen Harmon ◽  
Pamela Grindstaff ◽  
Leigh Ramsey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Resistance Training ◽  
Total Body Weight ◽  
Lean Tissue ◽  
Tissue Mass ◽  
Lean Tissue Mass ◽  
Total Body ◽  
Bone Gain ◽  
Tissue Accretion

This study examined the effects of ingesting nutritional supplements designed to promote lean tissue accretion on body composition alterations during resistance training. Twenty-eight resistance-trained males blindly supplemented their diets with maltodextrin (M), Gainers Fuel® 1000 (GF), or Phosphagain™ (P). No significant differences were observed in absolute or relative total body water among groups. Energy intake and body weight significantly increased in all groups combined throughout the study with no group or interaction differences observed. Dual energy x-ray absorptiometry-determined body mass significantly increased in each group throughout the study with significantly greater gains observed in the GF and P groups. Lean tissue mass (excluding bone) gain was significantly greater in the P group, while fat mass and percent body fat were significantly increased in the GF group. Results indicate that total body weight significantly increased in each group and that P supplementation resulted in significantly greater gains in lean tissue mass during resistance training.

P0925EFFECTS OF A NUTRITION INTERVENTION IN ADDITION TO AN INTRADIALYTIC EXERCISE PROGRAM IN HEMODIALYSIS PATIENTS

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (Supplement_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Valente ◽  
Cristina Caetano ◽  
Inês Ramos ◽  
Joana Sebastião ◽  
Mariana Pinto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Nutritional Counseling ◽  
Lean Tissue ◽  
Tissue Mass ◽  
Lean Tissue Mass ◽  
Interdialytic Weight Gain ◽  
Intradialytic Exercise

Abstract Background and Aims Physical inactivity and low protein intake are related with protein-energy wasting syndrome. This is a very common condition in hemodialysis (HD) patients and is related with poor survival. Both, intradialytic exercise programmes (IEP) and nutrition interventions, are proposed as strategies to increase lean tissue mass in these population. The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of specific nutritional counseling in nutrition, body composition parameters and in eating habits, in patients undergoing HD with an IEP. Method This was a multicenter longitudinal intervention study with 3 months of follow-up. We enrolled 88 patients already performing intradialytic exercise (aerobic and strength training) for more than 3 months. These patients had an appointment with the dietitian and received specific nutritional counseling (NC) and a flyer with focus on nutrition recommendations for exercise. Eating habits were obtained through a questionnaire and body composition with bioimpedance spectroscopy (Body Composition Monitor®). Potassium and phosphorus were collected at baseline and 3 months after. Statistical tests were performed with SPSS, version 26.0. A p < 0.05 was considered significant. Results Patient’s mean age was 63.5±1.5 years and median HD time was 34 (Interquartil range (IQR): 20-58) months. 61.4% (n=54) were male and 26.1% (n=23) were diabetics. Results pre and pos intervention for the parameters studied were, respectively: Body Mass Index (BMI) 25.4[IQR: 23.7-28.4] Kg/m2 vs. 25.6[IQR: 23.4-28.9] Kg/m2; Fat Tissue Mass 12.6±5.0 Kg/m2 vs. 12.5±4.8 Kg/m2; Lean Tissue Mass 13.5[IQR: 11.5-15.3] Kg/m2 vs. 13.4[IQR: 12.1-15.3] Kg/m2; Body Cell Mass 20.1[IQR: 15.7-25.1] Kg/m2 vs. 20.4[IQR: 16.4-24.8] Kg/m2; % Interdialytic Weight Gain 2.7±1.1 Kg/m2 vs. 2.8±1.1 Kg/m2; potassium 5.1±0.7 mEq/L vs. 5.2±0.8 mEq/L and phosphorus 4.6±1.3 mg/dl vs. 4.8±1.2 mg/dl. No statistically significant differences were observed between baseline and follow-up. Concerning eating habits, the intake of protein sources from meat and fish before the HD session increased after the 3 months (17% vs. 20.5%; p=0.002). About 23% of the patients reported having made changes in their diet after the NC and 60% felt positive changes in performance and fatigue. Conclusion We can conclude that NC contributed to increase the consumption of high biological value protein-rich foods and to improve the patient´s perception of fatigue and performance. Moreover, this intervention did not have a worrying effect on potassium and phosphorus levels. Longer follow up studies are needed to analyze the effect on body composition.

MO599COMPARISON OF TOTAL BODY WATER MEASURED BY BIOIMPEDANCE SPECTROSCOPY TO UREA DISTRIBUTION VOLUME ESTIMATED FROM UREA KINETIC MODELING IN HEMODIALYSIS PATIENTS

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ariella Mermelstein ◽  
Ulrich Moissl ◽  
Bernard Canaud ◽  
Jeroen Kooman ◽  
Rachel Lasky ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Kinetic Modeling ◽  
Total Body Water ◽  
Distribution Volume ◽  
Body Water ◽  
The Body ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Tissue Mass ◽  
Total Body ◽  
Urea Distribution Volume

Abstract Background and Aims Monitoring of fluid, body composition and nutritional changes is important in clinical nephrology. The Body Composition Monitor (BCM; Fresenius Medical Care, Bad Homburg, Germany) measures whole-body bioimpedance and determines extracellular and intracellular resistance by using the Cole-model to estimate total body water (TBW-BCM) and its partition into extracellular and intracellular water. Both can then be used to define body composition and separate body weight into lean tissue mass, adipose tissue mass, and fluid overload. Urea kinetic modeling (UKM) allows the estimation of dialysis dose (double-pooled Kt/V), urea distribution volume (V-UKM) and dietary protein intake. We studied the bias between estimated V-UKM to anthropometric and measured TBW-BCM (Vant, TBW-BCM). Method Pre-hemodialysis (HD), electrodes for the BCM assessments were placed on the non-arteriovenous access arm and ipsilateral leg, respectively, with the patient in a supine position. Vant was calculated using the Watson equation. In addition to these assessments we entered the specified values from the most recent urea kinetic modeling (UKM) treatment into the online solute-solver calculator (http://ureakinetics.org). We chose a baseline ratio of modeled/anthropometric volume of 0.6 to 1.3 L to exclude values with data entry errors and/or UKM sampling errors. We calculated the post HD TBW-BCM by subtracting the intradialytic weight loss and adjusted these estimates by the differences in post HD weight between sessions to make both estimates comparable. We depicted the comparison between the estimated V-UKM versus the TBW-BCM in a scatter- and Bland-Altman (BA) plot (Figure). For the purpose of error investigation we studied the computed bias (V-UKM minus TBW-BCM) as a function of body mass index (BMI) and stray capacitance (td) in a BA plot. We then calculated the difference between Vant and V-UKM and illustrated the comparison in a scatter and BA plot. Results In a cross-sectional design, we studied 161 stable prevalent HD patients (61.3±14.7 years, 98 (60.9%) males, height of 167.5±10.7 cm) prior to their treatment. The regression plot showed slight agreement (R2= 0.69) and the Bland-Altman plot no systematic trends or proportional error in the main analysis (Figure 1a and b). Neither BMI or td explained bias and variance in the bias between both estimates. Vant and V-UKM plots showed agreement (R2 of 0.68) with a mean bias of -2.3±5.1 and no proportional error. Conclusion Both TBW-BCM and the V-UKM as the “bronze standard” of TBW estimation seemed to agree reasonably well. Neither body composition measurement or kinetic modeling approach showed any significant influence on the accuracy and precision of the estimate. According to BCM availability, estimated V-UKM or measured TBW-BCM could be used alternatively in practice to support clinical decision when pharmacokinetic considerations are concerned.

Soft tissue body composition differences in monozygotic twins discordant for spinal cord injury

2000 ◽  
Vol 88 (4) ◽  
pp. 1310-1315 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ann M. Spungen ◽  
Jack Wang ◽  
Richard N. Pierson ◽  
William A. Bauman
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Monozygotic Twins ◽  
Significant Loss ◽  
Tissue Loss ◽  
Lean Tissue ◽  
Tissue Mass ◽  
Lean Tissue Mass ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
Total Body Fat ◽  
Total Body

To determine the effect of paralysis on body composition, eight pairs of male monozygotic twins, one twin in each pair with paraplegia, were studied by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Significant loss of total body lean tissue mass was found in the paralyzed twins compared with their able-bodied co-twins: 47.5 ± 6.7 vs. 60.1 ± 7.8 (SD) kg ( P < 0.005). Regionally, arm lean tissue mass was not different between the twin pairs, whereas trunk and leg lean tissue masses were significantly lower in the paralyzed twins: −3.0 ± 3.3 kg ( P < 0.05) and −10.1 ± 4.0 kg ( P < 0.0005), respectively. Bone mineral content of the total body and legs was significantly related to lean tissue mass in the able-bodied twins ( R = 0.88 and 0.98, respectively) but not in the paralyzed twins. However, the intrapair difference scores for bone and lean tissue mass were significantly related ( R = 0.80 and 0.81, respectively). The paralyzed twins had significantly more total body fat mass and percent fat per unit body mass index than the able-bodied twins: 4.8 kg ( P < 0.05) and 7 ± 2% ( P< 0.01). In the paralyzed twins, total body lean tissue was significantly lost (mostly from the trunk and legs), independent of age, at a rate of 3.9 ± 0.2 kg per 5-yr period of paralysis ( R = 0.87, P < 0.005). Extreme disuse from paralysis appears to contribute to a parallel loss of bone with loss of lean tissue in the legs. The continuous lean tissue loss may represent a form of sarcopenia that is progressive and accelerated compared with that in ambulatory individuals.

MO663THE UTILITY OF SMART SCALES TO MONITOR BODY COMPOSITION IN HEMODIALYSIS PATIENTS

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucia Cordero ◽  
Marta Rivero Martínez ◽  
Paula Jara Caro Espada ◽  
Elena Gutiérrez ◽  
Evangelina Mérida ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Fat Tissue ◽  
Lean Tissue ◽  
Tissue Mass ◽  
Composition Data ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Good Concordance ◽  
Urea Distribution Volume ◽  
Assess Body Composition

Abstract Background and Aims Overhydration (OH) is an independent predictor of mortality on hemodialysis (HD). The gold standard to assess OH is BCM monitor from Fresenius®, however BCM is a hospital hold device limiting its use. New smart scales have emerged as household devices reporting daily body composition data. Objective To determine if Renpho ES-CS20M® could be useful on a 52 HD patient to estimate body composition data. Method 72 body composition assessments (BCA) during mid-week HD session were performed. Each BCA included: (1) Predialysis Renpho measurement, (2) Predialysis BCM monitor measurement, (3) Postdialysis Renpho measurement. To track the fluid balance during the HD session: (1) we recorded ultrafiltration, (2) food or fluid intake was not allowed, and (3) none of the HD patients urinated during the HD session. If any intravenous fluids were needed during the HD session, we subtracted them off from UF. Results Data from 52 HD patients were studied (age 58.8 ± 16.8 years, 56.9 % males, 14.7% diabetics), with a mean pre-HD weight of 70.0 ± 13. 4 Kg, overhydration of 1.7 ± 1.5 L and urea distribution volume of 31.7 ± 5.7 L. The mean ultrafiltration during HD session was -1.8 ± 0.9 L. Renpho estimated a Pre – HD hydration of 34.25 ± 6.02 Kg vs 33.4 ± 5.7 Kg by BCM, showing a good concordance between methods (ICC 0.788 [0.67-0.86], B -0.58, p &lt;0.01). Renpho poorly estimated pre – HD lean tissue mass at 45.4 ± 6.9 Kg compared with 33.8 ± 8.0 Kg by BCM. Although Renpho was able to provide a moderate concordant estimation of fat tissue mass (33.8 ± 8.0 % with Renpho vs 34.7 ± 9.6%), the bias proportion was unacceptable. Post- HD hydration by Renpho was not able to reproduce the ultrafiltracion achieved during the HD session (pre-HD 34.25 ± 6.02 Kg vs post-HD 34.08 ± 6.00 Kg). Conclusion Renpho has a proportional bias estimating predialysis hydration compared with BCM monitor, but is not able to assess changes produced with ultrafiltration or other parameters of body composition (as lean or fat tissue mass). Although smart scales are unacurate to assess body composition on HD patients, they could be useful on the follow up of them changing the accuracy for frequency.

scholarly journals Nutritional Markers and Body Composition in Hemodialysis Patients

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodolfo Valtuille ◽  
Maria Elisa Casos ◽  
Elmer Andres Fernandez ◽  
Adrian Guinsburg ◽  
Cristina Marelli
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Reference Population ◽  
Hydration Status ◽  
Fat Tissue ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Lean Tissue ◽  
Tissue Mass ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Body Composition Monitor ◽  
High Prevalence

The aims of this study were to analyse body composition, to detect the presence of undernutrition, and to establish a relationship between undernutrition and the biological markers routinely used as indicators of nutritional status in hemodialysis (HD) patients (pts). We used a body composition monitor (BCM) that expresses body weight in terms of lean tissue mass (LTM) and fat tissue mass (FTM) independent of hydration status. From nine HD units, 934 pts were included. Undernutrition was defined as having a lean tissue index (LTI = LTM/height2) below the 10th percentile of a reference population. Biochemical markers and parameters delivered by BCM were used to compare low LTI and normal LTI groups. Undernutrition prevalence was 58.8% of the population studied. Low LTI pts were older, were significantly more frequently overhydrated, and had been on HD for a longer period of time than the normal LTI group. FTI (FTI = FTM/ height2) was significantly higher in low LTI pts and increased according to BMI. LTI was not influenced by different BMI levels. Albumin and C-reactive protein correlated inversely (r=-0.28). However neither of them was statistically different when considering undernourished and normal LTI pts. Our BCM study was able to show a high prevalence of undernutrition, as expressed by low LTI. In our study, BMI and other common markers, such as albumin, failed to predict malnutrition as determined by BCM.

scholarly journals Measuring the body composition of elderly subjects: a comparison of methods

1994 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. J. Reilly ◽  
L. A. Murray ◽  
J. Wilson ◽  
J. V. G. A. Durnin
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Total Body Water ◽  
Body Water ◽  
The Body ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Elderly Subjects ◽  
Younger Adults ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Total Body ◽  
The Individual

There is a paucity of data on differences between methods for the assessment of body composition in elderly subjects. Studies on younger adults suggest that such differences are of some practical significance at the individual level. In the present study the following methods of estimating percentage body fatness (BF%) were compared in healthy elderly men and women (mean age 70 (SD 6) years: densitometry; skinfold thickness; total body water; bioelectrical impedance (BIA) using an age-specific predictive equation and the manufacturers' equation; body mass index (BMI). Though BF% estimates from the various methods tended to be highly correlated with those from densitometry and with each other, differences between methods at the individual level were marked. In particular, the age-specific equations based on BMI and BIA systematically overestimated BF% relative to the other methods. Biases between BF% estimates derived from densitometry, skinfolds, BIA (manufacturers' equation) and total body water were less marked, indicating little evidence of systematic differences between these methods in elderly subjects. Individual differences between methods were slightly greater than those reported in some studies of younger adults, but this may be of little practical significance, and may be considered inevitable in view of variability between and within subjects in the extent to which the underlying assumptions of these two-component methods are met in elderly subjects.

scholarly journals Moderate to high levels of exercise are associated with higher resting energy expenditure in community-dwelling postmenopausal women

2013 ◽  
Vol 38 (11) ◽  
pp. 1147-1153
Author(s):  
Andrew W. Froehle ◽  
Susan R. Hopkins ◽  
Loki Natarajan ◽  
Margaret J. Schoeninger
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Disease ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Resting Energy Expenditure ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Positive Relation ◽  
Lean Tissue ◽  
Tissue Mass ◽  
Lean Tissue Mass

Postmenopausal women experience an age-related decline in resting energy expenditure (REE), which is a risk factor for energy imbalance and metabolic disease. Exercise, because of its association with greater lean tissue mass and other factors, has the potential to mediate REE decline, but the relation between exercise and REE in postmenopausal women is not well characterized. This study tests the hypothesis that exercise energy expenditure (EEE) is positively associated with REE and can counter the effects of age and menopause. It involves a cross-sectional sample of 31 healthy postmenopausal women (aged 49–72 years) with habitual exercise volumes at or above levels consistent with current clinical recommendations. Subjects kept exercise diaries for 4 weeks that quantified exercise activity and were measured for body composition, maximal oxygen uptake, and REE. Multiple regression analysis was used to test for associations between EEE, age, body composition, and REE. There was a significant positive relation between EEE and lean tissue mass (fat-free mass and fat-free mass index). The relation between REE and EEE remained significant even after controlling for lean tissue mass. These results support the hypothesis that exercise is positively associated with REE and can counter the negative effects of age and menopause. They also indicate a continuous relation between exercise and REE across ranges of exercise, from moderate to high. Exercise at levels that are at or above current clinical guidelines might, in part, ameliorate the risk for energy imbalance and metabolic disease because of its positive relation with REE.

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