Roles of potential plant hormones and transcription factors in controlling leaf senescence and drought tolerance

PROTOPLASMA ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 256 (2) ◽  
pp. 313-329 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sumira Jan ◽  
Nazia Abbas ◽  
Muhammad Ashraf ◽  
Parvaiz Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Leaf Senescence ◽  
Plant Hormones

scholarly journals A Comparative Transcriptomic Meta-Analysis Revealed Conserved Key Genes and Regulatory Networks Involved in Drought Tolerance in Cereal Crops

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (23) ◽  
pp. 13062
Author(s):  
Elena Baldoni ◽  
Giovanna Frugis ◽  
Federico Martinelli ◽  
Jubina Benny ◽  
Donatella Paffetti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Leaf Senescence ◽  
Regulatory Networks ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Fine Tuning ◽  
Cereal Crops ◽  
Cellular Transport ◽  
Drought Tolerant ◽  
Transcriptomic Changes

Drought affects plant growth and development, causing severe yield losses, especially in cereal crops. The identification of genes involved in drought tolerance is crucial for the development of drought-tolerant crops. The aim of this study was to identify genes that are conserved key players for conferring drought tolerance in cereals. By comparing the transcriptomic changes between tolerant and susceptible genotypes in four Gramineae species, we identified 69 conserved drought tolerant-related (CDT) genes that are potentially involved in the drought tolerance of all of the analysed species. The CDT genes are principally involved in stress response, photosynthesis, chlorophyll biogenesis, secondary metabolism, jasmonic acid signalling, and cellular transport. Twenty CDT genes are not yet characterized and can be novel candidates for drought tolerance. The k-means clustering analysis of expression data highlighted the prominent roles of photosynthesis and leaf senescence-related mechanisms in differentiating the drought response between tolerant and sensitive genotypes. In addition, we identified specific transcription factors that could regulate the expression of photosynthesis and leaf senescence-related genes. Our analysis suggests that the balance between the induction of leaf senescence and maintenance of photosynthesis during drought plays a major role in tolerance. Fine-tuning of CDT gene expression modulation by specific transcription factors can be the key to improving drought tolerance in cereals.

scholarly journals RNA-Seq Provides New Insights into the Molecular Events Involved in “Ball-Skin versus Bladder Effect” on Fruit Cracking in Litchi

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 454
Author(s):  
Jun Wang ◽  
Xiao Fang Wu ◽  
Yong Tang ◽  
Jian Guo Li ◽  
Ming Lei Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Plant Hormones ◽  
Fruit Development ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Lipid Synthesis ◽  
Expression Level ◽  
Agricultural Product ◽  
Rna Seq ◽  
Fruit Cracking ◽  
Molecular Events

Fruit cracking is a disorder of fruit development in response to internal or external cues, which causes a loss in the economic value of fruit. Therefore, exploring the mechanism underlying fruit cracking is of great significance to increase the economic yield of fruit trees. However, the molecular mechanism underlying fruit cracking is still poorly understood. Litchi, as an important tropical and subtropical fruit crop, contributes significantly to the gross agricultural product in Southeast Asia. One important agricultural concern in the litchi industry is that some famous varieties with high economic value such as ‘Nuomici’ are susceptible to fruit cracking. Here, the cracking-susceptible cultivar ‘Nuomici’ and cracking-resistant cultivar ‘Huaizhi’ were selected, and the samples including pericarp and aril during fruit development and cracking were collected for RNA-Seq analysis. Based on weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) and the “ball-skin versus bladder effect” theory (fruit cracking occurs upon the aril expanding pressure exceeds the pericarp strength), it was found that seven co-expression modules genes (1733 candidate genes) were closely associated with fruit cracking in ‘Nuomici’. Importantly, we propose that the low expression level of genes related to plant hormones (Auxin, Gibberellins, Ethylene), transcription factors, calcium transport and signaling, and lipid synthesis might decrease the mechanical strength of pericarp in ‘Nuomici’, while high expression level of genes associated with plant hormones (Auxin and abscisic acid), transcription factors, starch/sucrose metabolism, and sugar/water transport might increase the aril expanding pressure, thereby resulting in fruit cracking in ‘Nuomici’. In conclusion, our results provide comprehensive molecular events involved in the “ball-skin versus bladder effect” on fruit cracking in litchi.

scholarly journals Genome-wide identification and characterization of long non-coding RNAs involved in flag leaf senescence of rice

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoping Huang ◽  
Hongyu Zhang ◽  
Qiang Wang ◽  
Rong Guo ◽  
Lingxia Wei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Leaf Senescence ◽  
Flag Leaf ◽  
Reduction Process ◽  
Sequencing Analysis ◽  
Biological Processes ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
A Genome ◽  
Non Coding Rnas ◽  
Systematic Identification

Abstract Key message This study showed the systematic identification of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) involving in flag leaf senescence of rice, providing the possible lncRNA-mRNA regulatory relationships and lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA ceRNA networks during leaf senescence. Abstract LncRNAs have been reported to play crucial roles in diverse biological processes. However, no systematic identification of lncRNAs associated with leaf senescence in plants has been studied. In this study, a genome-wide high throughput sequencing analysis was performed using rice flag leaves developing from normal to senescence. A total of 3953 lncRNAs and 38757 mRNAs were identified, of which 343 lncRNAs and 9412 mRNAs were differentially expressed. Through weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA), 22 continuously down-expressed lncRNAs targeting 812 co-expressed mRNAs and 48 continuously up-expressed lncRNAs targeting 1209 co-expressed mRNAs were considered to be significantly associated with flag leaf senescence. Gene Ontology results suggested that the senescence-associated lncRNAs targeted mRNAs involving in many biological processes, including transcription, hormone response, oxidation–reduction process and substance metabolism. Additionally, 43 senescence-associated lncRNAs were predicted to target 111 co-expressed transcription factors. Interestingly, 8 down-expressed lncRNAs and 29 up-expressed lncRNAs were found to separately target 12 and 20 well-studied senescence-associated genes (SAGs). Furthermore, analysis on the competing endogenous RNA (CeRNA) network revealed that 6 down-expressed lncRNAs possibly regulated 51 co-expressed mRNAs through 15 miRNAs, and 14 up-expressed lncRNAs possibly regulated 117 co-expressed mRNAs through 21 miRNAs. Importantly, by expression validation, a conserved miR164-NAC regulatory pathway was found to be possibly involved in leaf senescence, where lncRNA MSTRG.62092.1 may serve as a ceRNA binding with miR164a and miR164e to regulate three transcription factors. And two key lncRNAs MSTRG.31014.21 and MSTRG.31014.36 also could regulate the abscisic-acid biosynthetic gene BGIOSGA025169 (OsNCED4) and BGIOSGA016313 (NAC family) through osa-miR5809. The possible regulation networks of lncRNAs involving in leaf senescence were discussed, and several candidate lncRNAs were recommended for prior transgenic analysis. These findings will extend the understanding on the regulatory roles of lncRNAs in leaf senescence, and lay a foundation for functional research on candidate lncRNAs.

scholarly journals Transcriptional Regulation of Hydrogen Peroxide and Calcium for Signaling Transduction and Stress-defensive Genes Contributing to Improved Drought Tolerance in Creeping Bentgrass

2020 ◽  
Vol 145 (4) ◽  
pp. 236-246
Author(s):  
Zhou Li ◽  
Yan Peng ◽  
Bingru Huang
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Drought Stress ◽  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Creeping Bentgrass ◽  
Grass Species ◽  
Regulation Of Transcription ◽  
Signaling Transduction ◽  
Genes Expression ◽  
Protective Genes ◽  
Ca Signaling

Small molecules, including H2O2 and Ca, mediate stress signaling and drought tolerance in plants. The objective of this study was to determine whether improvement in drought tolerance by H2O2 and Ca were associated with the regulation of transcription factors and stress-protective genes in perennial grass species. Plants of creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera) were sprayed with water (control), H2O2 (9 mm), or CaCl2 (10 mm) and exposed to drought stress for 20 days in controlled-environment growth chambers. Foliar application of H2O2 or Ca led to significant improvement in drought tolerance of creeping bentgrass, as demonstrated by greater turf quality, leaf relative water content, chlorophyll content, photochemical efficiency, and cell membrane stability, as compared with the untreated control. The application of H2O2 and Ca resulted in significant up-regulation of genes in Ca signaling transduction pathways [Ca-dependent kinase 26 (CDPK26), mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 (MAPK1), and 14-3-3] and transcript factors (WRKY75 and MYB13). For genes encoding antioxidant enzymes, H2O2 mainly enhanced superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione reductase (GR), and dehydroascorbate reductase (DHAR) expression, while Ca primarily improved transcript levels of SOD, monodehydroascorbate reductase (MDHAR), and GR. In addition, heat shock protein 70 (HSP70), metallothionein 1 (MT1), and glutamine synthetase 2 (GS2) were also markedly up-regulated by H2O2 and Ca under drought stress. However, the transcript level of lipoxygenase 3 (LOX3) was significantly down-regulated by H2O2 and Ca under well-watered and drought conditions. These results imply that H2O2 and Ca commonly or differentially regulate genes expression in association with drought tolerance through activating Ca signaling pathway and regulating transcription factors and stress-protective genes expression, leading to the alleviation of lipid peroxidation, maintenance of correct protein folding and translocation, and enhancement of nitrogen metabolism under a prolonged period of drought stress in creeping bentgrass.

scholarly journals Genetics and Genomic basis of Stay-green Trait

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Harshavardan J Hilli
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Leaf Senescence ◽  
Genetic Improvement ◽  
Physiological Role ◽  
Dimensional Approach ◽  
Stay Green ◽  
Chlorophyll Pigment ◽  
Yield Gain ◽  
Genomic Basis ◽  
Potential Use

Staygreen is one such trait in which genotypes possessing this trait maintain more photo synthetically active leaves (& less senescent) than genotypes not possessing this trait. Delay of leaf senescence also known as stay-green character, has been identified as an important component in the genetic improvement of several crops to promote stress tolerance and yield gain. Although the stay-green phenotype is superficially similar in all species and genotypes, the genetic and physiological routes the traits are diverse. Photosynthetically active leaves for longer period depends on the concentration of chlorophyll pigment absorbing sunlight for photosynthesis. An multi dimensional approach for studying the senescence pathway rather than studying only the physiological role made a significant role in improvement. Hence new approaches like genomics, proteomics and metabolomics studies are necessary to understand the various transcription factors involved in regulating the leaf senescence process. Therefore, this review has aimed to bring light to major aspects of the stay-green character, showing its potential use in plant breeding.

scholarly journals Arabidopsis CPK6 positively regulates ABA signaling and drought tolerance through phosphorylating ABA-responsive element-binding factors

2019 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 188-203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanfeng Zhang ◽  
Daoyin Liu ◽  
Bo Yang ◽  
Wu-Zhen Liu ◽  
Bangbang Mu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Protein Kinase ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Aba Signaling ◽  
Dependent Protein Kinase ◽  
Calcium Dependent ◽  
Dependent Protein ◽  
Responsive Element ◽  
Calcium Dependent Protein Kinase

Arabidopsis calcium-dependent protein kinase CPK6 positively regulates seed germination, seedling growth, and drought tolerance via phosphorylating ABF and ABI5 transcription factors.

scholarly journals Age-Triggered and Dark-Induced Leaf Senescence Require the bHLH Transcription Factors PIF3, 4, and 5

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 1776-1787 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi Song ◽  
Chuangwei Yang ◽  
Shan Gao ◽  
Wei Zhang ◽  
Lin Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Leaf Senescence ◽  
Bhlh Transcription Factors
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