Literature review on the role of dietary protein and amino acids in cognitive functioning and cognitive decline

Amino Acids ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 45 (5) ◽  
pp. 1035-1045 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ondine van de Rest ◽  
Nikita L. van der Zwaluw ◽  
Lisette C. P. G. M. de Groot
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Cognitive Functioning ◽  
Dietary Protein

Edentulism and Trajectories of Cognitive Functioning Among Older Adults: The Role of Dental Care Service Utilization

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 744-752 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sae Hwang Han ◽  
Bei Wu ◽  
Jeffrey A. Burr
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Cognitive Functioning ◽  
Service Utilization ◽  
Dental Care ◽  
Care Service ◽  
Health Care Expenditures ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Dental Services

Objective: This study examined the associations between edentulism, dental care service utilization, and cognitive functioning trajectories among older adults. Method: Longitudinal data from the Health and Retirement Study (2006-2014) were employed to examine individuals aged 51 and older who were identified as having normal cognition at baseline ( N = 12,405). Cognitive functioning was measured with a modified version of the Telephone Interview for Cognition Status. Edentulism was self-reported as total tooth loss at baseline. Dental care service utilization was measured by self-report of having visited a dentist at least once during the previous 2 years. Results: The results indicated that edentulism and dental care service utilization were independently associated with cognitive decline during the observation period. Findings also showed that dental care service utilization moderated the association between edentulism and cognitive decline. Discussion: The findings suggested that providing access to dental services may promote cognitive health and potentially reduce health care expenditures.

scholarly journals COGNITIVE DECLINE AMONG OLDER ADULTS IN RURAL CHINA: THE PROTECTIVE ROLE OF FORMAL SCHOOLING

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S205-S206
Author(s):  
Yaolin Pei ◽  
Bei Wu ◽  
Zhen Cong ◽  
Mengyao Hu
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Cognitive Functioning ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Multilevel Models ◽  
Life Experience ◽  
Sampling Strategy ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Formal Schooling

Abstract Evidence shows that education is strongly associated with cognitive functioning; however, few studies have examined the effect of education on cognitive decline among older adults with very limited education. Our study analyzed six waves of panel data (2001, 2003 2006, 2009, 2012 and 2015) from the Longitudinal Study of Older Adults in Anhui Province, China. We estimated two-level multilevel models of cognitive functioning for older adults age 60+, sampled using probability sampling strategy. We found that having formal schooling was positively associated with better cognitive functioning. Older adults with formal schooling had slower decline in cognition and the gap in cognition between the literate and illiterate widened with age. These findings highlight the role of early life experience in affecting cognitive function in later life and suggest that disadvantages in cognitive functioning accumulate throughout the life course for persons with no formal education.

scholarly journals 461 ROLE OF DIETARY PROTEIN AND AMINO ACIDS IN THE MODULATION OF PLASMA SOMATOMEDIN ACTIVITY IN RATS

1978 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 440-440 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Reeves ◽  
J Voss ◽  
L Dickinson ◽  
J A Lee ◽  
F J Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Dietary Protein

Role of rat intestinal brush-border membrane angiotensin-converting enzyme in dietary protein digestion

1987 ◽  
Vol 253 (6) ◽  
pp. G781-G786 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Yoshioka ◽  
R. H. Erickson ◽  
J. F. Woodley ◽  
R. Gulli ◽  
D. Guan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Angiotensin Converting Enzyme ◽  
Brush Border ◽  
Dietary Protein ◽  
Brush Border Membrane ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Converting Enzyme ◽  
Intestinal Brush Border Membrane ◽  
Intestinal Brush Border

The role of rat intestinal angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE; E.C 3.4.15.1) in the digestion and absorption of dietary protein was investigated. Enzyme activity was associated with the brush-border membrane fraction, with the highest activity in the proximal to midregion of the small intestine. Preliminary enzyme characterization studies were carried out using purified brush-border membrane preparations. When a variety of N-blocked synthetic peptides were used as potential substrates for ACE, activity was highest with those containing proline at the carboxy terminal position. The hydrolytic rates observed with these prolyl peptides were comparable to those observed when major digestive peptidases of the brush-border membrane such as aminopeptidase N and dipeptidyl aminopeptidase IV were assayed. When isolated rat jejunum was perfused in vivo with solutions of Bz-Gly-Ala-Pro, the dipeptide Ala-Pro was the main hydrolytic product detected in the perfusates. Absorption rates of the constituent amino acids, alanine and proline, depended on the concentration of peptide perfused. Captopril, an active site specific ACE inhibitor, significantly inhibited hydrolysis and absorption of constituent amino acids from Bz-Gly-Ala-Pro. These results show that intestinal brush-border membrane ACE functions as a digestive peptidase in addition to its role as a regulator of biologically active peptides in other tissues.

Decreased myofibrillar proteolysis after refeeding requires dietary protein or amino acids

1987 ◽  
Vol 253 (1) ◽  
pp. E52-E58 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. N. Goodman ◽  
M. del Pilar Gomez
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Dietary Protein ◽  
Muscle Protein ◽  
Muscle Protein Synthesis ◽  
Nutritional Factors ◽  
Complete Diet ◽  
Dietary Component ◽  
Complete Protein ◽  
Fasted Rats

Previous studies have demonstrated that brief fasting augments and refeeding a complete diet diminishes the breakdown of myofibrillar proteins in rat skeletal muscle. The purpose of the present study was to determine which dietary component(s) was responsible for this effect and to determine the role of insulin and amino acids. Myofibrillar proteolysis was evaluated by measuring the release of 3-methylhistidine by perfused rat muscle of 1-day fasted rats and 1-day fasted rats refed for 4–24 h with a complete, protein-free, or lipid meal. For comparison, tyrosine release by perfused muscle was measured in the absence and presence of cycloheximide to evaluate net and total proteolysis, respectively. Refeeding of either diet increased plasma insulin. Despite this, myofibrillar proteolysis decreased only when protein or amino acids was included in the test meal. On the other hand, the complete or protein-free meal decreased tyrosine release in the absence but not in the presence of cycloheximide, suggesting that either diet enhanced muscle protein synthesis. Most amino acids in plasma and muscle decreased after refeeding the protein-free meal, whereas after the complete meal some amino acids in plasma and muscle increased, whereas other decreased or changed little. These results indicate that decreased myofibrillar proteolysis in muscle after refeeding of food-deprived rats requires dietary protein or amino acids. They also suggest that hormonal and/or nutritional factors other than insulin and amino acids may orchestrate this response. However, a role of amino acids cannot yet be excluded, because it is conceivable that changes in specific amino acids in plasma instead of muscle may signal diminished proteolysis.

scholarly journals Amino Acids and Hypertension in Adults

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1459 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eleonora Poggiogalle ◽  
Mario Fontana ◽  
Anna Maria Giusti ◽  
Alessandro Pinto ◽  
Gino Iannucci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Dietary Protein ◽  
Protein Composition ◽  
Single Amino Acid ◽  
Large Variability ◽  
Nutritional Factors ◽  
Circulating Levels

Accumulating evidence suggests a potential role of dietary protein among nutritional factors interfering with the regulation of blood pressure. Dietary protein source (plant versus animal protein), and especially, protein composition in terms of amino acids has been postulated to interfere with mechanisms underlying the development of hypertension. Recently, mounting interest has been directed at amino acids in hypertension focusing on habitual dietary intake and their circulating levels regardless of single amino acid dietary supplementation. The aim of the present review was to summarize epidemiological evidence concerning the connection between amino acids and hypertension. Due to the large variability in methodologies used for assessing amino acid levels and heterogeneity in the results obtained, it was not possible to draw robust conclusions. Indeed, some classes of amino acids or individual amino acids showed non-causative association with blood pressure as well as the incidence of hypertension, but the evidence was far from being conclusive. Further research should be prompted for a thorough understanding of amino acid effects and synergistic actions of different amino acid classes on blood pressure regulation.

scholarly journals Beyond the Role of Dietary Protein and Amino Acids in the Prevention of Diet-Induced Obesity

2014 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 1374-1391 ◽  
Author(s):  
Klaus Petzke ◽  
Anne Freudenberg ◽  
Susanne Klaus
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Dietary Protein ◽  
Diet Induced Obesity

scholarly journals Benzodiazepinics and the treatment of delirium: a literature review

2020 ◽  
Vol 66 (7) ◽  
pp. 998-1001
Author(s):  
Otávio Henrique Polles Gonçalves ◽  
Gabriela Manfron Pellissari ◽  
Henrique Soares Paiva
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Patient Management ◽  
Older Individuals ◽  
Acute Confusional State ◽  
Confusional State ◽  
Pubmed Database ◽  
Year 2000

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE To discuss the role of the benzodiazepine class in delirium patient management. METHODS Using the PubMed database, articles were reviewed after the year 2000 containing in their title the words ‘delirium’ and ‘benzodiazepines’. DISCUSSION Delirium is an acute confusional state that leads to altered attention, awareness, and cognition. It presents with some well-established risk factors, especially older individuals with cognitive decline. There is currently no definite consensus regarding its pathophysiology, nor regarding pharmacological measures, especially concerning the benzodiazepine class. CONCLUSION Evidence suggests that there may be a role for the use of pharmacological class in the treatment of this condition, indicating a change in the previously paradigmatic pattern of treatment.

scholarly journals Inflammation and Cognitive Functioning in Older Adults: The Role of Gender and Obesity

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 699-699
Author(s):  
Melody Moloci Noss ◽  
Summer Millwood ◽  
Kate Kuhlman
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Cognitive Functioning ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Modifiable Factors ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Hs Crp ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Over Time ◽  
High Bmi

Abstract Systemic inflammation is associated with steeper cognitive decline over time. Identifying potential moderators of inflammation is crucial for understanding inflammation’s contribution to abnormal cognitive decline. This study examined whether inflammation predicted changes in cognitive functioning over time and explored the moderating effects of sex and BMI on this association. Data was collected from a longitudinal nationally representative data set. (Health & Retirement Study). C-reactive protein (CRP) and global cognitive functioning assessments were collected from the 2006/2008 and 2010/2012 waves. Participants, n= 7,483, Age =71.39 years (SD = 9.24) , 60.2% female, were categorized into groups based on BMI (i.e. normal, overweight, and obese). Sex and BMI significantly moderated the association between increased hs-CRP and lower cognitive functioning, b = -.22 (SE = .09), p = .017. Women with high BMI exhibit twice the risk of low cognitive functioning, b = -.49 (SE = .07), p < .0001, compared to men with high BMI, b = -.21 (SE = .08), p = .01. Men with normal BMI exhibited twice the risk of low cognitive functioning, b = -.49 (SE = .08), p < .0001, compared to women with normal BMI, b = -.24 (SE = .06), p = .0001. Inflammation and BMI are modifiable factors that may prevent or slow -down abnormal cognitive decline. Understanding the potentially sex-dependent role of adipose tissue in the impact of inflammation on cognitive function may be critical to understanding the pathogenesis of cognitive impairment late in life as well as identifying efficacious intervention targets.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document