Xanthine dehydrogenase and aldehyde oxidase impact plant hormone homeostasis and affect fruit size in ?Hass? avocado

2004 ◽  
Vol 117 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Keith Cowan ◽  
Nicky J. Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Plant Hormone ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Aldehyde Oxidase ◽  
Xanthine Dehydrogenase ◽  
Hormone Homeostasis ◽  
Hass Avocado

scholarly journals Identification of a new mutation in the human xanthine dehydrogenase responsible for xanthinuria type I

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina Collazo Abal ◽  
Susana Romero Santos ◽  
Carmen González Mao ◽  
Emilio C. Pazos Lago ◽  
Francisco Barros Angueira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aldehyde Oxidase ◽  
Renal Calculi ◽  
Xanthine Dehydrogenase ◽  
Type I ◽  
Dietary Recommendations ◽  
New Mutation ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
Hereditary Xanthinuria ◽  
Urine Levels ◽  
Made In

Abstract Objectives Hereditary xanthinuria is a rare, autosomal and recessive disorder characterized by severe hypouricemia and increased xanthine excretion, caused by a deficiency of xanthine dehydrogenase/oxidase (XDH/XO, EC: 1.17.1.4/1.17.3.2) in type I, or by a deficiency of XDH/XO and aldehyde oxidase (AOX, EC: 1.2.3.1) in type II. Case presentation We describe a novel point mutation in the XDH gene in homozygosis found in a patient with very low serum and urine levels of uric acid, together with xanthinuria. He was asymptomatic but renal calculi were discovered during imaging. Additional cases were found in his family and dietary recommendations were made in order to prevent further complications. Conclusions Hereditary xanthinuria is an underdiagnosed pathology, often found in a routine analysis that shows hypouricemia. It is important for Laboratory Medicine to acknowledge how to guide clinicians in the diagnosis.

scholarly journals Optimal Nutrient Concentration Ranges of ‘Hass’ Avocado Cauliflower Stage Inflorescences—Potential Diagnostic Tool to Optimize Tree Nutrient Status and Increase Yield

HortScience ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 52 (12) ◽  
pp. 1707-1715 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salvatore Campisi-Pinto ◽  
Yusheng Zheng ◽  
Philippe E. Rolshausen ◽  
David E. Crowley ◽  
Ben Faber ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Concentration ◽  
Fruit Set ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Nutrient Status ◽  
Persea Americana ◽  
Nutrient Concentrations ◽  
Full Bloom ◽  
Nutrient Analysis ◽  
Tree Phenology ◽  
Hass Avocado

Optimizing ‘Hass’ avocado (Persea americana Mill.) tree nutrient status is essential for maximizing productivity. Leaf nutrient analysis is used to guide avocado fertilization to maintain tree nutrition. The goal of this research was to identify a ‘Hass’ avocado tissue with nutrient concentrations predictive of yields greater than 40 kg of fruit per tree. This threshold was specified to assist the California avocado industry to increase yields to ≈11,200 kg·ha−1. Nutrient concentrations of cauliflower stage inflorescences (CSI) collected in March proved better predictors of yield than inflorescences collected at full bloom (FBI) in April, fruit pedicels (FP) collected at five different stages of avocado tree phenology from the end of fruit set in June through April the following spring when mature fruit enter a second period of exponential growth, or 6-month-old spring flush leaves (LF) from nonbearing vegetative shoots collected in September (California avocado industry standard). For CSI tissue, concentrations of seven nutrients, nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), magnesium (Mg), sulfur (S), zinc (Zn), and copper (Cu) were predictive of trees producing greater than 40 kg of fruit annually. Conditional quantile sampling and frequency analysis were used to identify optimum nutrient concentration ranges (ONCR) for each nutrient. Optimum ratios between nutrient concentrations and yields greater than 40 kg per tree were also derived. The high nutrient concentrations characterizing CSI tissue suggest current fertilization practices (timing or amounts) might be causing nutrient imbalances at this stage of avocado tree phenology that are limiting productivity, a possibility that warrants further investigation. Because CSI samples can be collected 4–6 weeks before full bloom, nutritional problems can be addressed before they affect flower retention and fruit set to increase current crop yield, fruit size, and quality. Thus, CSI nutrient analysis warrants further research as a potential supplemental or alternative tool for diagnosing ‘Hass’ avocado tree nutrient status and increasing yield.

scholarly journals Aldehyde Oxidase and Xanthine Dehydrogenase in aflacca Tomato Mutant with Deficient Abscisic Acid and Wilty Phenotype

1999 ◽  
Vol 120 (2) ◽  
pp. 571-578 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moshe Sagi ◽  
Robert Fluhr ◽  
S. Herman Lips
Keyword(s):  
Abscisic Acid ◽  
Aldehyde Oxidase ◽  
Xanthine Dehydrogenase ◽  
Tomato Mutant

scholarly journals Pruning Height and Selective Limb Removal Affect Yield of Large 'Hass' Avocado Trees

HortScience ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 699-702 ◽  
Author(s):  
T.G. Thorp ◽  
B. Stowell
Keyword(s):  
Large Volume ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Persea Americana ◽  
Small Tree ◽  
Harvest Efficiency ◽  
Hass Avocado ◽  
And Control

Avocado (Persea americana Mill. cv. Hass) trees were pruned over 3 years at either 4 or 6 m in height by removing or heading back selected limbs. Yields were compared with those from control trees with no pruning in the upper canopy. All trees had similar crop loads before pruning. Trees were at 9 × 10-m spacing and were 8 years old when first pruned. Fruit yields were recorded for 2 years before the first pruning and then in each year of pruning. In the final year, trees were harvested in four height zones: 0-2m; 2-4 m; 4-6 m; and >6 m. Cumulative yields over 3 years were similar on 6-m and control trees, but were less on 4-m trees due to the large volume of fruiting canopy removed in the first pruning. The height of the main fruiting zone was lowered on the 4-m trees, with yields in the 2-4-m zone similar to those in the 4-6-m zone of the control trees. Pruning to reduce the number and length of scaffold branches increased fruit yields on the remaining scaffolds without reducing fruit size. Results are discussed in terms of harvest efficiency and the benefits of small tree orchard systems.

scholarly journals Low Overnight Temperature-Induced Gibberellin Accumulation Increases Locule Number in Tomato

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (12) ◽  
pp. 3042
Author(s):  
Yanbing Li ◽  
Meihua Sun ◽  
Hengzuo Xiang ◽  
Yudong Liu ◽  
Hui Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Hormone ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Rna Seq ◽  
Flower Bud ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Locule Number ◽  
Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass ◽  
Flower Bud Differentiation

The number of locules in tomato affects fruit size, shape, and the incidence of malformation. Low temperature increases locule number and the incidences of malformation in tomato plants. In this study, three flower bud developmental stages (pre-flower bud differentiation, sepal and petal primordium formation, and carpel primordium formation) under different night temperatures (10, 15, and 20 °C) were used to analyze the reason behind locule number change using an RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) approach, Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR), and ultra-performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS). The results showed that the “plant hormone signal transduction”, “starch and sucrose metabolism”, and “diterpenoid biosynthesis” categories were remarkably activated during flower bud differentiation. Transcripts of gibberellin (GA)-related genes and endogenous levels of GAs were analyzed, and it was discovered that SlGA2ox genes were significantly downregulated and bioactive GA1 and GA4 accumulated at lower overnight temperature. Exogenous application of bioactive GA1, GA4, and PAC (paclobutrazol) showed that GA1 and GA4 increased the locule number, while PAC decreased the locule number. Taken together, our results suggest that lower overnight temperature reduced the expression of SlGA2ox genes, leading to GA1 and GA4 accumulation, thereby increasing locule number in tomato.

Function of hydroxycinnamoyl spermidines in seedling growth of Arabidopsis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ikuo Takahashi ◽  
Tsuyoshi Ota ◽  
Tadao Asami
Keyword(s):  
Stress Responses ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Plant Hormone ◽  
Primary Root ◽  
Hydroxycinnamic Acid ◽  
Biotic And Abiotic Stress ◽  
Plant Growth And Development ◽  
Hydroxycinnamic Acid Amides ◽  
Primary Root Growth ◽  
Hormone Homeostasis

Abstract Hydroxycinnamic acid amides (HCAAs) are involved in various developmental processes as well as in biotic and abiotic stress responses. Among them, the presence of spermidine derivatives, such as N1,N8-di(coumaroyl)-spermidine and N1,N8-di(sinapoyl)-spermidine, and their biosynthetic genes have been reported in Arabidopsis, but their functions in plants are still unknown. We chemically synthesized the above mentioned spermidine derivatives to assess their physiological functions in Arabidopsis. We evaluated the growth and development of chemically treated Arabidopsis and demonstrated that these compounds inhibited seed germination, hypocotyl elongation, and primary root growth, which could be due to modulation of plant hormone homeostasis and signaling. The results suggest that these compounds are regulatory metabolites that modulate plant growth and development.

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