Effects of climatic conditions on tree-ring widths of three deciduous broad-leaved tree species at their northern distribution limit in Mont St. Hilaire, eastern Canada

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 178-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Koichi Takahashi ◽  
Haruka Takahashi
Keyword(s):  
Tree Ring ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Eastern Canada ◽  
Distribution Limit ◽  
Northern Distribution

scholarly journals Environmental controls of the northern distribution limit of yellow birch in eastern Canada

2014 ◽  
Vol 44 (7) ◽  
pp. 720-731 ◽  
Author(s):  
Igor Drobyshev ◽  
Marc-Antoine Guitard ◽  
Hugo Asselin ◽  
Aurélie Genries ◽  
Yves Bergeron
Keyword(s):  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Betula Alleghaniensis ◽  
Seedling Density ◽  
Yellow Birch ◽  
Eastern Canada ◽  
Large Variability ◽  
Distribution Limit ◽  
Environmental Controls ◽  
Canopy Trees ◽  
Northern Distribution

To evaluate environmental controls of yellow birch (Betula alleghaniensis Britton) distribution at its northern distribution limit in eastern Canada, we analyzed abundance, age structure, biomass accumulation rate, and growth sensitivity to climate of this species at 14 sites along a 200 km latitudinal gradient spanning three bioclimatic domains and reaching frontier populations of this species in western Quebec. We observed a large variability in seedling density across domains and presence of sites with abundant yellow birch regeneration within all three bioclimatic domains. Seedling density was positively correlated to mean age and abundance of yellow birch trees in the canopy, while sapling density was positively associated with dryer habitats. Growth patterns of canopy trees showed no effect of declining temperatures along the south–north gradient. Environmental controls of birch distribution at its northern limit were realized through factors affecting birch regeneration and not growth of canopy trees. At the stand scale, regeneration density was strongly controlled by local site conditions and not by differences in climate among sites. At the regional scale, climate variability could be an indirect driver of yellow birch distribution, affecting disturbance rates and, subsequently, availability of suitable sites for regeneration.

Tree-Ring Formation, Radial Increment Periodicity, and Phenology of Tree Species from a Seasonal Semi-Deciduous Forest in Southeast Brazil

IAWA Journal ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 189-207 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudio S. Lisi ◽  
Mário Tomazello Fo ◽  
Paulo C. Botosso ◽  
Fidel A. Roig ◽  
Vivian R.B. Maria ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tree Rings ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Deciduous Forest ◽  
Growth Ring ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Tree Age ◽  
Radial Increment ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Southeast Brazil

Many tropical tree species produce growth rings in response to seasonal environmental factors that influence the activity of the vascular cambium. We applied the following methods to analyze the annual nature of treering formation of 24 tree species from a seasonal semi-deciduous forest of southeast Brazil: describing wood anatomy and phenology, counting tree rings after cambium markings, and using permanent dendrometer bands. After 7 years of systematic observations and measurements, we found the following: the trees lost their leaves during the dry season and grew new leaves at the end of the same season; trunk increment dynamics corresponded to seasonal changes in precipitation, with higher increment (active period) during the rainy season (October–April) and lower increment (dormant period) during the dry season (May–September); the number of tree rings formed after injuries to the cambium coincided with the number of years since the extraction of the wood samples. As a result of these observations, it was concluded that most study trees formed one growth ring per year. This suggests that tree species from the seasonal semi-deciduous forests of Brazil have an annual cycle of wood formation. Therefore, these trees have potential for use in future studies of tree age and radial growth rates, as well as to infer ecological and regional climatic conditions. These future studies can provide important information for the management and conservation of these endangered forests.

scholarly journals Contrasting Signals of the Westerly Index and North Atlantic Oscillation over the Drought Sensitivity of Tree-Ring Chronologies from the Mediterranean Basin

Atmosphere ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 644 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pablo Casas-Gómez ◽  
Raúl Sánchez-Salguero ◽  
Pedro Ribera ◽  
Juan C. Linares
Keyword(s):  
North Atlantic Oscillation ◽  
Tree Ring ◽  
North Atlantic ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Ring Width ◽  
Pinus Nigra ◽  
Western Mediterranean ◽  
Drought Severity ◽  
Drought Sensitivity ◽  
Westerly Index

Extreme drought events are becoming increasingly frequent and extended, particularly in Mediterranean drought-prone regions. In this sense, atmospheric oscillations patterns, such as those represented by the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) index and the Westerly Index (WI) have been widely proven as reliable proxies of drought trends. Here, we used the Standardized Precipitation–Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI), as a reliable indicator of drought, to investigate the drought sensitivity of tree-ring width data (TRW) from several long-lived tree species (Abies borisii-regis, Abies cilicica, Abies pinsapo, Cedrus atlantica, Cedrus libanii, Pinus nigra, Pinus heldreichii). NAO and WI relations with TRW were also investigated in order to identify potential non-stationary responses among those drought proxies. Our temporal and spatial analyses support contrasting Mediterranean dipole patterns regarding the drought sensitivity of tree growth for each tree species. The spatial assessment of NAO and WI relationships regarding SPEI and TRW showed on average stronger correlations westward with non-stationary correlations between annual WI index and TRW in all species. The results indicate that the drought variability and the inferred drought-sensitive trees species (e.g., C. atlantica) are related to the NAO and the WI, showing that TRW is a feasible proxy to long-term reconstructions of Westerly Index (WI) variability in the Western Mediterranean region. Spatial variability of drought severity suggests a complex association between NAO and WI, likely modulated by an east–west Mediterranean climate dipole.

scholarly journals Entwicklung klimasensitiver Wachstumsfunktionen für das Szenariomodell «Massimo»

2015 ◽  
Vol 166 (6) ◽  
pp. 389-398 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brigitte Rohner ◽  
Esther Thürig
Keyword(s):  
Tree Ring ◽  
Tree Growth ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Climate Variables ◽  
Individual Tree ◽  
Climate Effects ◽  
Growth Functions ◽  
Tree Ring Data ◽  
Scenario Model

Development of climate-dependent growth functions for the scenario model “Massimo” Tree growth is substantially influenced by climatic factors. In the face of climate change, climate effects should therefore be included in estimations of Switzerland's future forest productivity. In order to include climate effects in the growth functions of the “Massimo” model, which is typically applied to project forest resources in Switzerland, we statistically modelled climate effects on tree growth representatively for Switzerland by simultaneously considering further growth-influencing factors. First, we used tree ring data to evaluate how climate variables should be defined. This analyses showed that for modelling multi-year tree growth we should use averages of whole-year variables. Second, we fitted nonlinear mixed-effects models separately for the main tree species to individual-tree growth data from the Swiss National Forest Inventory. In these models, we combined climate variables defined according to the results of the tree ring study with various further variables that characterize sites, stands and individual trees. The quantified effects were generally plausible and explained convincingly the physiological differences between the species. The statistical growth models for the main tree species will now be included in the forest scenario model “Massimo”. This will allow for founded analyses of scenarios which assume changing climatic conditions.

scholarly journals Different Wood Anatomical and Growth Responses in European Beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) at Three Forest Sites in Slovenia

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Domen Arnič ◽  
Jožica Gričar ◽  
Jernej Jevšenak ◽  
Gregor Božič ◽  
Georg von Arx ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tree Ring ◽  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Ring Width ◽  
European Beech ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Tree Ring Width ◽  
Vessel Area ◽  
Temperature And Precipitation

European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) adapts to local growing conditions to enhance its performance. In response to variations in climatic conditions, beech trees adjust leaf phenology, cambial phenology, and wood formation patterns, which result in different tree-ring widths (TRWs) and wood anatomy. Chronologies of tree ring width and vessel features [i.e., mean vessel area (MVA), vessel density (VD), and relative conductive area (RCTA)] were produced for the 1960–2016 period for three sites that differ in climatic regimes and spring leaf phenology (two early- and one late-flushing populations). These data were used to investigate long-term relationships between climatic conditions and anatomical features of four quarters of tree-rings at annual and intra-annual scales. In addition, we investigated how TRW and vessel features adjust in response to extreme weather events (i.e., summer drought). We found significant differences in TRW, VD, and RCTA among the selected sites. Precipitation and maximum temperature before and during the growing season were the most important climatic factors affecting TRW and vessel characteristics. We confirmed differences in climate-growth relationships between the selected sites, late flushing beech population at Idrija showing the least pronounced response to climate. MVA was the only vessel trait that showed no relationship with TRW or other vessel features. The relationship between MVA and climatic factors evaluated at intra-annual scale indicated that vessel area in the first quarter of tree-ring were mainly influenced by climatic conditions in the previous growing season, while vessel area in the second to fourth quarters of tree ring width was mainly influenced by maximum temperature and precipitation in the current growing season. When comparing wet and dry years, beech from all sites showed a similar response, with reduced TRW and changes in intra-annual variation in vessel area. Our findings suggest that changes in temperature and precipitation regimes as predicted by most climate change scenarios will affect tree-ring increments and wood structure in beech, yet the response between sites or populations may differ.

scholarly journals A 406-year non-growing-season precipitation reconstruction in the southeastern Tibetan Plateau

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 2381-2392
Author(s):  
Maierdang Keyimu ◽  
Zongshan Li ◽  
Bojie Fu ◽  
Guohua Liu ◽  
Fanjiang Zeng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Tree Ring ◽  
Tree Growth ◽  
Ring Width ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Forest Growth ◽  
Drought Severity ◽  
Precipitation Reconstruction ◽  
Southeastern Tibetan Plateau

Abstract. Trees record climatic conditions during their growth, and tree rings serve as proxy to reveal the features of the historical climate of a region. In this study, we collected tree-ring cores of hemlock forest (Tsuga forrestii) from the northwestern Yunnan area of the southeastern Tibetan Plateau (SETP) and created a residual tree-ring width (TRW) chronology. An analysis of the relationship between tree growth and climate revealed that precipitation during the non-growing season (NGS) (from November of the previous year to February of the current year) was the most important constraining factor on the radial tree growth of hemlock forests in this region. In addition, the influence of NGS precipitation on radial tree growth was relatively uniform over time (1956–2005). Accordingly, we reconstructed the NGS precipitation over the period spanning from 1600–2005. The reconstruction accounted for 28.5 % of the actual variance during the common period of 1956–2005. Based on the reconstruction, NGS was extremely dry during the years 1656, 1694, 1703, 1736, 1897, 1907, 1943, 1982 and 1999. In contrast, the NGS was extremely wet during the years 1627, 1638, 1654, 1832, 1834–1835 and 1992. Similar variations of the NGS precipitation reconstruction series and Palmer Drought Severity Index (PDSI) reconstructions of early growing season from surrounding regions indicated the reliability of the present reconstruction. A comparison of the reconstruction with Climate Research Unit (CRU) gridded data revealed that our reconstruction was representative of the NGS precipitation variability of a large region in the SETP. Our study provides the first historical NGS precipitation reconstruction in the SETP which enriches the understanding of the long-term climate variability of this region. The NGS precipitation showed slightly increasing trend during the last decade which might accelerate regional hemlock forest growth.

Analyse dendrochronologique d'un glissement de terrain de la région du Lac à l'Eau Claire (Québec nordique)

1985 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 175-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Bégin ◽  
Louise Filion
Keyword(s):  
Tree Ring ◽  
Forest Regeneration ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Reaction Wood ◽  
Growth Rings ◽  
Glissement De Terrain ◽  
Landslide Occurrence ◽  
Slow Progression ◽  
Ring Analysis

A landslide in Clearwater Lake has been dated to spring of 1933 from tree-ring analysis (reaction wood, growth suppression, and corrosion scars). From the 52 sampled trees, seven peak periods of movement were registered within the site before landslide occurrence: 1785, 1815, 1827, 1829, 1852–1853, 1871–1872, 1897, and 1926. After a slow progression lasting 200 years, the slope movements accelerated in 1926, as indicated by suppressed growth rings. It is proposed here that the landslide was the outcome of a long-term slope development partly controlled by climate (precipitation). Postdisturbance forest regeneration (between 1950 and 1976) on the newly exposed substrate is also related to climatic conditions.

A Comparative Study on the Capability of Tree Species in Urban Afforestation to Accumulate Heavy Metals

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-90
Author(s):  
Samar Mortazavi ◽  
◽  
Masoud Hatamimanesh ◽  
Farzad Veysanlou ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Metal Accumulation ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Heavy Metal Accumulation ◽  
Toxicity Potential ◽  
Nickel Copper ◽  
Accumulation Index ◽  
Copper Zinc ◽  
Lead Nickel

Background: The present study investigated the concentrations of lead, nickel, copper, zinc, their toxicity potential, and their ecological hazard in surface soils of Hamedan City, Iran. Also, using the Bio-concentration Factor (BCF), concentration Comprehensive Bio-concentration Index (CBCI), and Metal Accumulation Index (MAI), was evaluated the ability of some tree and shrub species to absorb heavy metals in soil and air. Methods: Sampling of leaves of nine tree species and shrubs (plane, acacia, elm, willow, mulberry, ash, redbud, pine, and cypress) was performed in six stations. After preparation and acid digestion of the samples, the concentrations of heavy metals were determined using an atomic absorption spectrometer. Results: The trend of changes in soil heavy Mean±SD metal concentrations was in the order of nickel> zinc> copper> lead in the amounts of 61.41±11.34˃ 43.04±14.4˃ 42.87±8.36˃ 18.77±6.51 mg/kg. Evaluation of acute toxicity potential indicators and ecological risk of heavy metals indicated low soil pollution status. Findings of BCF, CBCI, and MAI ndices in the leaves of the species showed that the highest levels of BCF of heavy metals, i.e., zinc, copper, lead, and nickel, were in willow, elm, cypress, and pine species, respectively. Results show that heavy metal accumulation in different species. Conclusion: Depends on soil type, tree species, climatic conditions, type of pollutant source, species age, and other factors. In this study, elm and acacia have the highest ability to absorb heavy metals from soil and air.

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