Water productivity and nutrient status of rice soil in response to cultivation techniques and nitrogen fertilization

2014 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 443-453 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soumya Saha ◽  
Y. V. Singh ◽  
Sunita Gaind ◽  
Dinesh Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Water Productivity ◽  
Nutrient Status ◽  
Rice Soil ◽  
Cultivation Techniques

scholarly journals High Nitrogen Fertilization Modulates Morpho-Physiological Responses, Yield, and Water Productivity of Lowland Rice under Deficit Irrigation

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1291
Author(s):  
Nasr M. Abdou ◽  
Mohamed A. Abdel-Razek ◽  
Shimaa A. Abd El-Mageed ◽  
Wael M. Semida ◽  
Ahmed A. A. Leilah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fertilizer ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Deficit Irrigation ◽  
Physiological Responses ◽  
Water Productivity ◽  
Water Shortage ◽  
Rice Production ◽  
Lowland Rice ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizers

Sustainability of rice production under flooding conditions has been challenged by water shortage and food demand. Applying higher nitrogen fertilization could be a practical solution to alleviate the deleterious effects of water stress on lowland rice (Oryza sativa L.) in semi-arid conditions. For this purpose, field experiments were conducted during the summer of 2017 and 2018 seasons. These trials were conducted as split-split based on randomized complete blocks design with soil moisture regimes at three levels (120, 100 and 80% of crop evapotranspiration (ETc), nitrogen fertilizers at two levels (N1—165 and N2—200 kg N ha−1) and three lowland Egyptian rice varieties [V1 (Giza178), V2 (Giza177) and V3 (Sakha104)] using three replications. For all varieties, growth (plant height, tillers No, effective tillers no), water status ((relative water content RWC, and membrane stability index, MSI), physiological responses (chlorophyll fluorescence, Relative chlorophyll content (SPAD), and yield were significantly increased with higher addition of nitrogen fertilizer under all water regimes. Variety V1 produced the highest grain yield compared to other varieties and the increases were 38% and 15% compared with V2 and V3, respectively. Increasing nitrogen up to 200 kg N ha−1 (N2) resulted in an increase in grain and straw yields by 12.7 and 18.2%, respectively, compared with N1. The highest irrigation water productivity (IWP) was recorded under I2 (0.89 kg m−3) compared to (0.83 kg m−3) and (0.82 kg m−3) for I1 and I3, respectively. Therefore, the new applied agro-management practice (deficit irrigation and higher nitrogen fertilizer) effectively saved irrigation water input by 50–60% when compared with the traditional cultivation method (flooding system). Hence, the new proposed innovative method for rice cultivation could be a promising strategy for enhancing the sustainability of rice production under water shortage conditions.

PHYSIOLOGY EFFICIECY OF NITROGEN ABSORBTION WITH THREE SOYBEAN VARIETY OF UREA AND APPLICATIONS RHIZOBIUM IN SOIL WITH NUTRITRIONAL STATUS LOW NITROGEN

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 140-147
Author(s):  
Makruf Wicaksono
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Nutrient Status ◽  
N Fertilization ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Significant Response ◽  
Nitrogen Absorption ◽  
Nitrogen Uptake Efficiency ◽  
Main Plot ◽  
Low Nitrogen

The use of chemical nitrogen fertilizer tends to be high on soils with low nitrogen nutrient status, it can affect the balance of the global N cycle, contamination of groundwater and the increasing N2O (nitric monoxide is one of the greenhouse gases). The objective of this research to compare the effect of nitrogen fertilization and application of Rhizobium on nitrogen uptake efficiency, growth and yield of three varieties of soybeans In Soil With Nutritional Status Low Nitrogen. The research was conducted at the practice field Agricultural Extention Collage Medan, Deli Serdang North Sumatra Province in August-December, 2014. The method used is split-slip plot design with the main plot Rhizobium application and without Rhizobium, the subplot is the varieties used are Burangrang, Tanggamus, and Wilis. The sub-sub plot is the standard of N fertilization, which is control, urea 50 kg/ha, 100 kg/ha and 150 kg/ha. Variable observations include nitrogen absorption, plant dry weight, nodule, and production. The results showed that the application of Rhizobium on the variety of Wilis provides a significant response to the increased absorption of nitrogen, whereas the varieties Burangrang and Tanggamus not give a significant response to increased nitrogen absorption. A urea fertilizer dose of 150 kg/ha on the use of Rhizobium inoculant tends to give a negative reaction to the Physiology Efficiency Of Nitrogen Absorbtion (PEN), nodule, and weight of 100 grains. Physiology Efficiency Of Nitrogen Absorbtion (PEN) of three varieties tested were not affected by the level of nitrogen fertilization and the addition of Rhizobium

scholarly journals Complex study of foliage nutrient status in ash fertilized Scots pine stands in Lithuania

2008 ◽  
Vol 54 (No. 5) ◽  
pp. 195-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Varnagirytė-Kabašinskienė
Keyword(s):  
Scots Pine ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Nutrient Status ◽  
Wood Ash ◽  
Nutrient Composition ◽  
Nutrient Concentrations ◽  
Response Evaluation ◽  
Critical Levels ◽  
Pine Stands ◽  
Scots Pine Stands

In Lithuania, a typical Scots pine stand under the influence of wood ash and nitrogen fertilization, containing different treatments and the control, was analyzed. The study aim was to interpret the foliage and soil analyses, and to find possible indications in the soil-plant relation in the stand. The analyses of the foliage nutrient status in the Scots pine stand when wood ash with/without N was recycled to the forest showed that the significance analyses of changes in the nutrient composition in the soil and needles were the best initial tool for the response evaluation. The comparison of the nutrient concentrations with optimal amounts, critical levels of deficiency or target levels for ratios to N, and applied graphical analyses, could also provide possible indications in the soil-plant relation.

Effect of raised beds, irrigation and nitrogen management on growth, water use and yield of rice in south-eastern Australia

2006 ◽  
Vol 46 (10) ◽  
pp. 1363 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. G. Beecher ◽  
B. W. Dunn ◽  
J. A. Thompson ◽  
E. Humphreys ◽  
S. K. Mathews ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Water Depth ◽  
Water Productivity ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Rice Soil ◽  
System Productivity ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
Raised Bed

To remain economically and environmentally sustainable, Australian rice growers need to be able to readily respond to market opportunities and increase cropping system productivity and water productivity. Water availability is decreasing whereas its price is increasing. Alternative irrigation layouts and water management approaches could contribute to reduced water use and increased irrigation efficiency. This paper reports results for the first crop (rice) in a cropping system experiment to compare permanent raised bed and conventional layouts on a transitional red-brown earth at Coleambally, New South Wales. The performance of conventional ponded rice grown on a flat layout was compared with rice grown on 1.84-m wide, raised beds with furrow and subsurface drip irrigation. In addition, deep and shallow ponded water depth treatments (15 and 5 cm water depth over the beds) were imposed on the rice on beds during the reproductive period. A range of nitrogen (N) fertiliser rates (0–180 kg N/ha) was applied to all treatments. The traditional flat flooded treatment (Flat) achieved the highest grain yield of 12.7 t/ha, followed by the deep (Bed 15) and shallow (Bed 5) ponded beds (10.2 and 10.1 t/ha, respectively). The furrow (Furrow) irrigated bed treatment yielded 9.4 t/ha and the furrow/drip (Furr/Drip) treatment yielded the lowest grain yield (8.3 t/ha). Grain yield from all bed treatments was reduced owing to the wide furrows (0.8 m between edge rows on adjacent beds), which were not planted to rice. Rice crop water use was significantly different between the layout–irrigation treatments. The Flat, Bed 5 and Bed 15 treatments had similar input (irrigation + rainfall – surface drainage) water use (mean of 18.3 ML/ha). The water use for the Furrow treatment was 17.2 ML/ha and for the Furr/Drip treatment, 15.1 ML/ha. Input WP of the Flat treatment (0.68 t/ML) was higher than the raised bed treatments, which were all similar (mean 0.55 t/ML). This single season experiment shows that high yielding rice crops can be successfully grown on raised beds, but when beds are ponded after panicle initiation, there is no water saving compared with rice grown on a conventional flat layout. Preliminary recommendations for the growing of rice on raised beds are that the crop be grown as a flooded crop in a bankless channel layout. This assists with weed control and allows flooding for cold temperature protection, which is necessary with current varieties. Until we find effective herbicides and other methods of weed control and N application that do not require ponding, there is little scope for saving water while maintaining yield on suitable rice soil through the use of beds.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Growth, Yield, and Water Productivity of Paddy Rice with Water-Saving Irrigation and Optimization of Nitrogen Fertilization

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1629
Author(s):  
Primitiva Mboyerwa ◽  
Kibebew Kibret ◽  
Peter Mtakwa ◽  
Abebe Aschalew
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizer ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Water Productivity ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Rice Production ◽  
Wetting And Drying ◽  
Alternate Wetting And Drying ◽  
Nitrogen Levels

Rice production in Tanzania, with 67% of its territory considered semi-dry and having average annual rainfall of 300 mm, must be increased to feed an ever-growing population. Water for irrigation and low soil fertility are among the main challenges. One way to decrease water consumption in paddy fields is to change the irrigation regime for rice production, replacing continuous flooding with alternate wetting and drying. In order to assess the impact of different irrigation regimes and nitrogen fertilizer applications on growth, yield, and water productivity of rice, a greenhouse pot experiment with soil from lowland rice ecology was conducted at Sokoine University of Agriculture, Tanzania during the 2019 cropping season. The experiment was split-plot based on randomized complete block design with 12 treatments and 3 replications. Water regimes were the main factors comparing continuous flooding (CF) and alternate wetting and drying (AWD) with nitrogen fertilizer levels as the subfactor, comparing absolute control (no fertilizer) with 0 (P and K fertilizers), 60, 90, 120, and 150 kg Nha−1. Alternate wetting and drying (AWD) significantly improved water productivity by 8.3% over CF (p < 0.05). Water productivity (WP) ranged from 0.6 to 1.5 kg of rice per m3 of water. Average water use ranged from 36 to 82 L per season, and water saving was up to 34.3%. Alternate wetting and drying significantly improved yields (p < 0.05) by 13.3%, and the yield ranged from 21.8 to 118.2 g pot−1. The combination of AWD water management and 60 kg N ha−1 nitrogen fertilization application was found to be the optimal management, however there was no significant difference between 60 and 90 kg N ha−1, in which case 60 kg N ha−1 is recommended because it lowers costs and raises net income. Nitrogen levels significantly affected water productivity, water use, and number of irrigations. Nitrogen levels had significant effect (p < 0.05) on plant height, number of tillers, flag leaf area, chlorophyll content, total tillers, number of productive tillers, panicle weight, panicle length, 1000-grain weight, straw yield, grain yield, and grain harvest index. The results showed that less water can be used to produce more crops under alternative wetting and drying irrigation practices. The results are important for water-scarce areas, providing useful information to policy makers, farmers, agricultural departments, and water management boards in devising future climate-smart adaptation and mitigation strategies.

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