Adsorption of methyl parathion on PAC from natural waters: the effect of NOM on adsorption capacity and kinetics

Adsorption ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jingyi Zhang ◽  
Baoyou Shi ◽  
Tao Li ◽  
Dongsheng Wang
Keyword(s):  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Natural Waters ◽  
Methyl Parathion

scholarly journals Adsorptive and Coagulative Removal of Trace Metals from Water Using Surface Modified Sawdust-Based Cellulose Nanocrystals

J ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 193-205
Author(s):  
Opeyemi A. Oyewo ◽  
Sam Ramaila ◽  
Lydia Mavuru ◽  
Taile Leswifi ◽  
Maurice S. Onyango
Keyword(s):  
Trace Metals ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Cellulose Nanocrystals ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Electrostatic Interactions ◽  
Natural Waters ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Solution Ph ◽  
Major Drawback ◽  
Surface Modified

The presence of toxic metals in surface and natural waters, even at trace levels, poses a great danger to humans and the ecosystem. Although the combination of adsorption and coagulation techniques has the potential to eradicate this problem, the use of inappropriate media remains a major drawback. This study reports on the application of NaNO2/NaHCO3 modified sawdust-based cellulose nanocrystals (MCNC) as both coagulant and adsorbent for the removal of Cu, Fe and Pb from aqueous solution. The surface modified coagulants, prepared by electrostatic interactions, were characterized using Fourier transform infrared, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy/energy-dispersive spectrometry (SEM/EDS). The amount of coagulated/adsorbed trace metals was then analysed using inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES). SEM analysis revealed the patchy and distributed floccules on Fe-flocs, which was an indication of multiple mechanisms responsible for Fe removal onto MCNC. A shift in the peak position attributed to C2H192N64O16 from 2θ = 30 to 24.5° occurred in the XRD pattern of both Pb- and Cu-flocs. Different process variables, including initial metal ions concentration (10–200 mg/L), solution pH (2–10), and temperature (25–45 °C) were studied in order to investigate how they affect the reaction process. Both Cu and Pb adsorption followed the Langmuir isotherm with a maximum adsorption capacity of 111.1 and 2.82 mg/g, respectively, whereas the adsorption of Fe was suggestive of a multilayer adsorption process; however, Fe Langmuir maximum adsorption capacity was found to be 81.96 mg/g. The sequence of trace metals removal followed the order: Cu > Fe > Pb. The utilization of this product in different water matrices is an effective way to establish their robustness.

scholarly journals The Manufacture and Characterisation of Rosid Angiosperm-Derived Biochars Applied to Water Treatment

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 387-396 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gideon A. Idowu ◽  
Ashleigh J. Fletcher
Keyword(s):  
Water Treatment ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Thermal Activation ◽  
Natural Waters ◽  
Pyrolysis Temperature ◽  
Porous Structures ◽  
Aspen Wood ◽  
Dichrostachys Cinerea ◽  
The Core ◽  
Surface Areas

AbstractMarabu (Dichrostachys cinerea) from Cuba and aspen (Populus tremula) from Britain are two rosid angiosperms that grow easily, as a weed and as a phytoremediator, respectively. As part of scientific efforts to valorise these species, their barks and woods were pyrolysed at 350, 450, 550 and 650 °C, and the resulting biochars were characterised to determine the potential of the products for particular applications. Percentage carbon composition of the biochars generally increased with pyrolysis temperature, giving biochars with highest carbon contents at 650 °C. Biochars produced from the core marabu and aspen wood sections had higher carbon contents (up to 85%) and BET surface areas (up to 381 m2 g−1) than those produced from the barks. The biochar porous structures were predominantly mesoporous, while micropores were developed in marabu biochars produced at 650 °C and aspen biochars produced above 550 °C. Chemical and thermal activation of marabu carbon greatly enhanced its adsorption capacity for metaldehyde, a molluscicide that has been detected frequently in UK natural waters above the recommended EU limit.

Adsorptive fouling of a polypropylene microfiltration membrane with dissolved natural organic matter: do membranes possess an adsorption capacity?

2006 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 25-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Koh ◽  
M.M. Clark ◽  
K.P. Ishida
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Natural Organic Matter ◽  
Membrane Fouling ◽  
Natural Waters ◽  
Uv Light ◽  
Attenuated Total Reflectance ◽  
Infrared Spectrometry ◽  
Flux Decline ◽  
Aromatic Ether

Rejection by membrane adsorption has been observed and widely reported. However, little is known about whether membranes possess an adsorption capacity. Experimental data showed that when a hydrophobic polypropylene (PP) microfilter was used to filter a large volume of particle-free surface water containing dissolved natural organic matter (NOM), later batches of microfiltration (MF) permeate caused more flux decline to a fresh 20K-Dalton polyethersulfone (PES) ultrafilter. This suggests that membranes can have an adsorption capacity for foulants. In this research, the gradual increase in absorbance of ultraviolet (UV) light by subsequent batches of MF permeate was observed, and supports the findings from previous studies, that only a small fraction of NOM causes membrane fouling. Attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectrometry and energy dispersive spectroscopy of fouled PP and PES membranes suggests foulants containing amide, aromatic, ether, hydroxyl and silicate functional groups. Silicates appear to participate in membrane fouling, and its removal with the small fraction of fouling NOM can reduce the fouling potential of water. These data improve our understanding of membrane fouling by natural waters, and have implications for the design of membrane plants that filter natural waters.

scholarly journals Preparation of Polyamidoamine Dendrimer Modified Magnetic Nanoparticles and Its Application for Reliable Measurement of Sudan Red Contaminants in Natural Waters at Parts-Per-Billion Levels

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yalin Wu ◽  
Huahua Bai ◽  
Qingxiang Zhou ◽  
Shuangying Li ◽  
Yayang Tong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Nanoparticles ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Natural Waters ◽  
Reliable Measurement ◽  
Sudan Dyes ◽  
Polyamidoamine Dendrimer ◽  
Routine Monitoring ◽  
Application Potential ◽  
Magnetic Nanomaterial ◽  
Modified Magnetic Nanoparticles

The health threat from Sudan red dyes has been the subject of much attention in recent years and is crucial to design and establish reliable measurement technologies. In the present study, a new magnetic nanomaterial, polyamidoamine dendrimer-modified magnetic nanoparticles (Gn-MNPs), was synthesized and characterized. The nanomaterials had good adsorption capacity for Sudan dyes from natural waters. G1.5-MNPs possessed excellent adsorption capacity and a linear adsorption relationship over the range from 0.02 to 300 μg L−1 of Sudan dyes with relative coefficients all larger than 0.996. The sensitivity of the proposed method was excellent with detection limits over the range from 1.8 to 5.5 ng L−1 and the precision was less than 3.0%. G1.5-MNPs showed a remarkable application potential for the enrichment of trace environment pollutants in aqueous samples and the developed method based on this nanomaterial could be a robust and reliable alternative tool for routine monitoring of such pollutants.

scholarly journals Eco-materials for Arsenium and Selenium Removal from Aqueous Solutions

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (5) ◽  
pp. 1586-1591
Author(s):  
Vasile Minzatu ◽  
Corneliu Mircea Davidescu ◽  
Mihaela Ciopec ◽  
Petru Negrea ◽  
Narcis Duteanu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Natural Waters ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Animal Life ◽  
Equilibrium Studies ◽  
Acute Toxic Effect ◽  
Selenium Removal ◽  
A New Technique

Environmental engineering have a great importance because is dealing with different fields, most important of them being water resource protection. It is well known that natural waters and especially groundwater contain dissolved substances, most of them unharmful for human and animal life, but some of them still potentially harmful. Ground waters containing dissolved arsenic and / or selenium are harmful and not suitable for human an animal life. Selenium represents a human life prerequisite microelement which can become toxic when higher quantities are ingested or accumulated. In comparison arsenic has an acute toxic effect over the human body even when very low quantities are ingested. In both cases the maximum amount were limited by OMS at 10 mg L-1. A new technique was used to produce an ecofriendly composite material by doping graphite with iron oxide, which was used for retention of arsenic and selenium from aqueous solutions. Synthesized material was characterized using SEM, EDX, XRD and DTA. Adsorption capacity and adsorption mechanism were established through equilibrium studies. Maximum adsorption capacity was 400 �g As(V) and 625 �g Se(VI) per gram of adsorbent.

scholarly journals Ethylenediamine and Pentaethylene Hexamine Modified Bamboo Sawdust by Radiation Grafting and Their Adsorption Behavior for Phosphate

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (17) ◽  
pp. 7854
Author(s):  
Jifu Du ◽  
Houhua Xiong ◽  
Zhen Dong ◽  
Xin Yang ◽  
Long Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Natural Waters ◽  
Phosphate Removal ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Ring Opening Reaction ◽  
Order Kinetic Model ◽  
Langmuir Isotherm Model ◽  
Radiation Induced ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Adsorption Desorption

Phosphate is an important component for the growth of plants and microorganisms; however, excess phosphate causes serious eutrophication in natural waters. New potential low-loss adsorbents from natural biomass for phosphate removal are desired. Bamboo is one of the most abundant renewable cellulose resources; however, the pure bamboo cellulose is poor to adsorb phosphate. To enhance the adsorption capacity, in this work, bamboo sawdust (BS) was chemically modified by two kinds of amines. First, glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) was grafted on BS using radiation induced graft polymerization. Then, the GMA-grafted BS was further modified by a ring-opening reaction with amines, including ethylenediamine (EDA) and pentaethylene hexamine (PEHA). The amine groups were then quaternized to prepare the BS-GMA-EDA-Q and BS-GMA-PEHA-Q adsorbents. The adsorbents were characterized by FTIR, SEM, TG, and XPS analysis. The adsorption performances of the adsorbents for phosphate were evaluated through batch experiments. The adsorption by BS-GMA-EDA-Q and BS-GMA-PEHA-Q both well obeyed the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and the Langmuir isotherm model, indicating that the adsorption process was chemical monomolecular layer adsorption. The maximum adsorption capacities for BS-GMA-EDA-Q and BS-GMA-PEHA-Q calculated by the Langmuir model were 85.25 and 152.21 mg/g, respectively. A total of 1 mol/L HCl was used to elute the saturated adsorbents. A negligible decrease in adsorption capacity was found after five adsorption–desorption cycles.

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