scholarly journals HIV Service Interruptions During the COVID-19 Pandemic in China: The Role of COVID-19 Challenges and Institutional Response from Healthcare Professional’s Perspective

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xueying Yang ◽  
Chengbo Zeng ◽  
Cheuk Chi Tam ◽  
Shan Qiao ◽  
Xiaoming Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Institutional Response ◽  
Service Interruptions

Undocumented and in College

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Terry-Ann Jones
Keyword(s):  
Immigration Policy ◽  
Undocumented Students ◽  
The United States ◽  
Religious Institutions ◽  
Institutional Response ◽  
Policy Theory ◽  
Knowledge And Attitudes ◽  
Daily Experiences ◽  
Depth Interviews

The current daily experiences of undocumented students as they navigate the processes of entering and then thriving in Jesuit colleges are explored in this book alongside an investigation of the knowledge and attitudes among staff and faculty about undocumented students in their midst, and the institutional response to their presence. Cutting across the fields of U.S. immigration policy, theory and history, religion, law, and education, this book delineates the historical and present-day contexts of immigration, including the role of religious institutions. This unique volume, based on an extensive two-year study (2010–12) of undocumented students at Jesuit colleges in the United States, incorporates survey research and in-depth interviews to present the perspectives of students, staff, and the institutions.

scholarly journals HIV service interruptions during the COVID-19 pandemic in China: the role of HIV service challenges and institutional response from healthcare professional's perspective

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xueying Yang ◽  
Chengbo Zeng ◽  
Cheuk Chi Tam ◽  
Shan Qiao ◽  
Xiaoming Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Latent Class ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Care Service ◽  
Healthcare Delivery ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Hiv Care ◽  
Institutional Response ◽  
Service Interruptions ◽  
Service Interruption ◽  
Class 1

Background: The healthcare system in China was largely overwhelmed during the unprecedented pandemic of coronavirus disease (COVID-19). HIV-related services have been unavoidably interrupted and impacted. However, the nature and scope of HIV service interruptions due to COVID-19 has rarely been characterized in China and how HIV service challenges affect the service interruptions are also unclear. The current study aimed at characterize HIV service interruption levels and analyzed its associated factors related to service challenges and institutional response from HIV healthcare providers' viewpoint. Methods: A cross-sectional online survey was conducted among 1,029 HIV healthcare providers in Guangxi, China, from April to May 2020. Latent class analysis (LCA) was first used to identify HIV service interruption levels. Then hierarchical multinomial logistic regression was conducted to analyze the relationships of HIV care service challenges and institutional response with HIV service interruption levels. Simple slope analysis was employed to examine interaction effects between HIV service challenges and institutional response to COVID-19. Results: Four classes of HIV service interruption were identified using LCA, with 22.0% complete interruption (class 1), 15.4% moderate interruption (class 2), 21.9% minor interruption (class 3) and 40.7% almost no interruption (class 4). Using class 4 as a reference group, HIV care service challenges were positively associated with the probabilities of service interruptions (Class 1: AOR=1.23, 95%CI: 1.19~1.26; Class 2: AOR= 1.10, 95%CI: 1.08~1.13; Class 3: AOR= 1.10, 95%CI: 1.08~1.12). Institutional response to HIV healthcare delivery was negatively associated with the probabilities of being classified into Class 1 ("Complete interruption") (AOR=0.97, 95%CI: 0.93~1.00) and Class 3 ("minor interruption [Outreach service]") (AOR=0.96, 95%CI: 0.93~0.99) as compared to Class 4 ("almost no interruption"). Institutional response to HIV healthcare delivery moderated the association of HIV service challenges with complete interruption, but not with the moderate or minor interruption when comparing with no interruption group. Conclusions: A substantial HIV service interruptions occurs due to the COVID-19 pandemic, particularly services that require face-to-face interactions, such as VCT counselling, follow up and outreach services. HIV service challenges largely hinder the HIV service delivery. Institutional response to HIV healthcare delivery could marginally buffer the negative effect of service challenges on complete HIV service interruptions. To maintain continuity of core HIV services in face of a pandemic, build a resilient health care system with adequate preparedness is necessary.

scholarly journals RESPONS TOKOH ORMAS ISLAM TERHADAP PERAN PUBLIK PEREMPUAN

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 406
Author(s):  
Siti Halimah ◽  
Humaidah Hasibuan
Keyword(s):  
Critical Thinking ◽  
Gender Inequality ◽  
Legal Issues ◽  
Institutional Response ◽  
The Public ◽  
Public Role ◽  
Empirical Level ◽  
Nahdlatul Ulama ◽  
North Sumatra

<p><strong>Abstrak:</strong> Studi ini menelaah respons organisasi keagamaan di Sumatera Utara: Al Washliyah, Al Ittihadiyah, Nahdlatul Ulama dan Muhammadiyah, terhadap peran publik perempuan. Bagaimana agama dan budaya dimaknai serta dipraktikkan pada tataran empiris dalam bentuk norma, fatwa dan sikap. Penelitian ini menemukan perkembangan signifikan fatwa kebebasan peran publik perempuan. Pada level fatwa respons ormas Islam di Sumatera Utara memperlihatkan aspek keterbukaan dan pem-baharuan. Fatwa telah merespons persoalan-persoalan praktis di samping persoalan hukum. Meskipun terdapat varian pemikiran tentang peran publik perempuan, tetapi secara kelembagaan respons tersebut menjadi bagian upaya pemecahan permasalahan relasi gender. Temuan ini menjadi pemikiran kritis bagi kalangan yang berpandangan bahwa isu ketimpangan gender dalam Islam bersumber dari pandangan ulama yang tidak sensitif gender.</p><p><strong>Abstract: The Responses of Islamic Societal Organization Figures Towards Women’s Public Role</strong>. This study focuses on the response of such religious organizations in North Sumatra as Al Washliyah, Al Ittihadiyah, Nahdlatul Ulama and Muhammadiyah, towards women’s public role. This study also analyses the extent to which religion and culture could be interpreted and practiced at an empirical level in the form of norms, fatwas and attitudes. This study found the significant fatwa developments in the freedom of women’s public roles. At the fatwa level the response of Islamic organizations in North Sumatra shows the openness aspects and renewal. Fatwa has responded to practical issues in addition to legal issues. Although there are thought variants about the public role of women, the institutional response is part of efforts to solve gender relations problems. This finding is being a critical thinking for those who believe that the issue of gender inequality in Islam comes from the views of scholars who are not snsitive to gender.</p><p><strong>Kata Kunci:</strong> feminisme, fatwa, sosio-kultural, perempuan, ormas Islam, gender</p><p> </p>

The Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission and the Stockholm Conference: A case of institutional non-adaptation

1975 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 771-804 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Brenner
Keyword(s):  
Policy Formation ◽  
International Organization ◽  
Main Theme ◽  
Institutional Response ◽  
Specialized Knowledge ◽  
Human Environment ◽  
Stockholm Conference ◽  
National Governments ◽  
Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission

This article considers how an established international organization with responsibility for programs of pure and applied science adapts its organizational format and purposes to newly defined tasks. It examines the institutional response of IOC (the Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission) to the specification of new obligations in the environmental field as stipulated by the United Nations Conference on the Human Environment, and as developed by the Environmental Program that the Conference established. Its main theme is the place of specialized knowledge, and the role of experts at the various stages of policy formation, within national governments and international forums. In analyzing the adaptation of IOC through expert and non-expert activities, our aim is to determine whether new programs and initiatives are fiUed to the existing framework, or produce new structures and institutional arrangements.

The Rationale of Economics and Law in the Aftermath of the Crisis: A Lesson from Michel Foucault

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (03) ◽  
pp. 445-473
Author(s):  
Luca De Lucia
Keyword(s):  
Michel Foucault ◽  
Economic Governance ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Institutional Response ◽  
New Techniques ◽  
Court Of Justice ◽  
Deep Sense ◽  
Economic And Financial Crisis ◽  
Constitutional Changes

Economic and financial crisis – Institutional response and constitutional changes in the area of economic governance – Relationship between the European Union and the member states – Interpretation – Two concepts elaborated by Michel Foucault – ‘Pastorship’ and ‘Discipline’ – The deep sense of the new techniques of government in this area – The role of the Court of Justice – The position of national judges.

Disruption, values and resilience: The British Library’s response to the Covid-19 pandemic

2021 ◽  
pp. 095574902110080
Author(s):  
Roly Keating
Keyword(s):  
British Library ◽  
Institutional Response ◽  
The Past ◽  
Institutional Values ◽  
The World ◽  
National Libraries

This article focuses on the institutional response of the British Library to the Covid-19 pandemic over the course of the past year. National libraries have a key part to play as the world recovers, and the experiences of the British Library highlight the central role of digital in adapting to massive disruption, of the importance of institutional values in steering a course through a year of crisis, and the contribution that we can make to building national and international resilience against future shocks and turmoil.

scholarly journals Military Organizational Culture in Protest Response

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas Lotito
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Culture ◽  
Causal Process ◽  
Military Officers ◽  
Institutional Response ◽  
State Institutions ◽  
Culture Of Restraint ◽  
The Arab Spring ◽  
Shared Understandings ◽  
The Military

When mass protests overwhelm the capacity of the police, civilian authorities often rely on soldiers to restore order. I argue that the military relies on historical precedents to guide its institutional response to protests. Soldiers rely on the military's organizational culture, a set of shared values, assumptions and beliefs, to guide their decision making. Military responses, from violent repression to complete disengagement, are driven by soldiers' shared understandings about their proper roles and missions, duties and responsibilities, and relationship to both ruler and ruled. Evidence from the Arab Spring protests of 2010-2011, and causal process tracing in the Tunisian case, provide support for the theory. The role of the military in producing Tunisia's largely nonviolent, prodemocratic regime transition has been widely lauded by scholars and policymakers alike. However, existing explanations for this outcome – namely, the lack of regime patronage toward military officers – do not fit the observed pattern of military response. Rather than move to oust Ben Ali, the military was generally loyal and never disobeyed his orders. Instead, the army's culture of restraint led soldiers to intervene to defend state institutions, but to avoid arbitrating or escalating the dispute.

scholarly journals What a Difference a Disaster Makes: The Role of Vicarious Leadership Learning in Differential Responses to Post-Katrina Hurricanes

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 94
Author(s):  
Antoinette Phillips ◽  
Julie Nunenmacher ◽  
Bobbie Schnepf ◽  
Carl Phillips ◽  
Sam Cappel
Keyword(s):  
Hurricane Katrina ◽  
Natural Disaster ◽  
Disaster Response ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Institutional Response ◽  
Differential Responses

August 2005 and the ensuing months saw a natural disaster, Hurricane Katrina, and a leadership disaster surrounding governmental and institutional response to the storm’s aftermath. An event of such monumental proportions would predictably offer numerous challenges; however, the extent of the weaknesses in preparedness and response revealed by Katrina was nothing short of astounding. Lessons learned from this experience were quickly incorporated into many organizations’ planning, readiness, and response activities. This manuscript discusses salient aspects of less-than-optimal responses to Katrina’s effects and explores changes in and different programs for coordinating subsequent disaster response. Interestingly, many such changes were undertaken by units not directly impacted by or involved in Katrina’s aftermath. The authors propose the term “vicarious leadership learning” to describe this phenomenon. Examples from a variety of organizations are presented, and the benefits of vicarious leadership learning are discussed.

From Democratic Exception to State of Exception: Covid-19 in the Context of Tunisia’s State of Law

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Meriem Guetat ◽  
Meriem Agrebi
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
State Of Exception ◽  
Legal Practice ◽  
Institutional Response ◽  
State Of Emergency ◽  
Formal Channel ◽  
And Control

Abstract Through an analysis of the early legal and institutional response to Covid-19 in Tunisia, this article demonstrates that the narrative of Tunisia’s democratic exceptionalism following the 2011 revolution is not translated into a liberal legal practice but is instead upheld by an authoritarian rationale that serves the role of a formal channel that legitimizes power discourse. Specifically, this article focuses on what the state of exception, which was declared during the ongoing state of emergency, reveals about the various uses of law in Tunisia. It argues that the state of emergency has become the norm to the Tunisian way of governance post-2011, allowing for the survival of past authoritarian practices where the legal apparatus is used and deployed as a tool of policing and control.

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