scholarly journals Regulators and villains: the dual role of private actors in diamonds and caviar

2020 ◽  
Vol 74 (5) ◽  
pp. 509-523
Author(s):  
Dina Siegel ◽  
Toine Spapens ◽  
Daan van Uhm
Keyword(s):  
Dual Role ◽  
Contemporary Society ◽  
Regulatory Requirements ◽  
Dual Roles ◽  
The Past ◽  
Regulatory Frameworks ◽  
Private Actors

Abstract In the past decades, private actors have become key actors in regulation and enforcement of various forms of trade. In this paper, we focus on the role of private actors in the regulation of the trade in diamonds and caviar. We examine the stages of calling for additional regulation; setting regulatory requirements; and determining and effectuating compliance mechanisms. Our analysis illustrates that private actors may play important roles in this process, but at the same time be unaware of loopholes that illegal operators may exploit, whereas others may commit crimes themselves. These dual roles reflect the various activities of private actors in different representations. We argue in this article that the increased involvement of private actors in processes of regulation may not only benefit but also constrain the effectivity, competence and meaning of such regulatory frameworks within contemporary society.

Rethinking Private Authority

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica F. Green
Keyword(s):  
Green Building ◽  
World Politics ◽  
Multilateral Environmental Agreements ◽  
The Past ◽  
Delegation Of Authority ◽  
Private Authority ◽  
Global Environmental ◽  
Private Actors ◽  
Treaty Implementation

This book examines the role of nonstate actors in global environmental politics, arguing that a fuller understanding of their role requires a new way of conceptualizing private authority. It identifies two distinct forms of private authority—one in which states delegate authority to private actors, and another in which entrepreneurial actors generate their own rules, persuading others to adopt them. Drawing on a wealth of empirical evidence spanning a century of environmental rule making, the book shows how the delegation of authority to private actors has played a small but consistent role in multilateral environmental agreements over the past fifty years, largely in the area of treaty implementation. This contrasts with entrepreneurial authority, where most private environmental rules have been created in the past two decades. The book traces how this dynamic and fast-growing form of private authority is becoming increasingly common in areas ranging from organic food to green building practices to sustainable tourism. It persuasively argues that the configuration of state preferences and the existing institutional landscape are paramount to explaining why private authority emerges and assumes the form that it does. In-depth cases on climate change provide evidence for the book's arguments. The book demonstrates that authority in world politics is diffused across multiple levels and diverse actors, and it offers a more complete picture of how private actors are helping to shape our response to today's most pressing environmental problems.

scholarly journals Indestructible Pasts and Paranoid Presents: John Franzen against Active Forgetting in Purity

2019 ◽  
pp. 21-34
Author(s):  
Cristina Garrigós
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Event ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Contemporary Society ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Past ◽  
Personal Archives ◽  
Conscious Process ◽  
Unconscious Desire ◽  
Selection Of

Forgetting and remembering are as inevitably linked as lifeand death. Sometimes, forgetting is motivated by a biological disorder, brain damage, or it is the product of an unconscious desire derived from a traumatic event (psychological repression). But in some cases, we can motivate forgetting consciously (thought suppression). It is through the conscious repression of memories that we can find self-preservation and move forward, although this means that we create a fable of our lives, as Nietzsche says in his essay “On the Uses and Disadvantages of History for Life” (1997). In Jonathan Franzen’s novel, Purity (2015), forgetting is an active and conscious process by which the characters choose to forget certain episodes of their lives to be able to construct new identities. The erased memories include murder, economical privileges derived from illegal or unethical commercial processes, or dark sexual episodes. The obsession with forgetting the past links the lives of the main characters, and structures the narrative of the novel. The motivated erasure of memories becomes, thus, a way that the characters have to survive and face the present according to a (fake) narrative that they have constructed. But is motivated forgetting possible? Can one completely suppress facts in an active way? This paper analyses the role of forgetting in Franzen’s novel in relation to the need in our contemporary society to deny, hide, or erase uncomfortable data from our historical or personal archives; the need to make disappear stories which we do not want to accept, recognize, and much less make known to the public. This is related to how we manage information in the age of technology, the “selection” of what is to be the official story, and how we rewrite our own history

Safer salts for CdTe nanocrystal solution processed solar cells: the dual roles of ligand exchange and grain growth

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (24) ◽  
pp. 13057-13065 ◽  
Author(s):  
Troy K. Townsend ◽  
William B. Heuer ◽  
Edward E. Foos ◽  
Eric Kowalski ◽  
Woojun Yoon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Grain Growth ◽  
Ligand Exchange ◽  
Dual Role ◽  
Salt Treatment ◽  
Dual Roles ◽  
Solution Processed ◽  
Cdte Nanocrystal

The dual role of salt treatment was revealed by replacing conventional CdCl2 with non-toxic NH4Cl to simultaneously exchange native ligands and promote grain growth in inorganic CdTe nanocrystal solar cells.

Governing Body of the Church in Wales

2015 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-93
Author(s):  
Philip Morris
Keyword(s):  
Presidential Address ◽  
Present Situation ◽  
Dual Role ◽  
Governing Body ◽  
The Past ◽  
Difficult Question ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Church

The Church in Wales Review had recommended that the Diocese of Llandaff be designated the permanent archiepiscopal see and that the diocese should have an area bishop with a legally designated area of pastoral responsibility. In his presidential address in September, the archbishop recognised that it was a difficult question but one that needed to be faced because of the dual role of archbishop and diocesan bishop, the relentless workload and the need for the archbishop to be located in Cardiff. It had been the subject of several reports and Governing Body motions in the past but with no change to the present situation.

Insights on the dual role of two-dimensional materials as catalysts and supports for energy and environmental catalysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Xin Chen ◽  
Zhi Wen Chen ◽  
Ming Jiang ◽  
Zhuole Lu ◽  
Chan Gao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rational Design ◽  
2D Materials ◽  
Dual Role ◽  
Environmental Catalysis ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Dual Roles ◽  
Two Dimensional Materials

The application of 2D materials in catalysis has great potential, opportunities, and challenges. The dual roles (catalysts and supports) of 2D materials determine different strategies for rational design of 2D-based catalysts.

Postmodernism and the Crisis of the Intellectual: Reflections on Reflexivity, Universities, and the Scientific Field

1996 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 507-527 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keith Bassett
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Field ◽  
Contemporary Society ◽  
Social Category ◽  
Universal Class ◽  
Social Responsibilities ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Social ◽  
Reflexive Sociology ◽  
Grand Vision

In this paper the author takes up the issue of the social responsibilities of academics, raised in recent articles in this journal, through a discussion of the crises facing contemporary intellectuals. The paper begins with a plea for a reflexive sociology of intellectuals, and after a brief review of early debates on the role of intellectuals, the author concentrates on Gouldner's grand vision of intellectuals as a ‘flawed universal class’. In the next section the forces that have undermined such grand visions in the past few decades, precipitating the current crises, are discussed. The author then categorises a range of positions that have been recently developed to justify some continuing role for intellectuals as a social category in contemporary society. This discussion leads on to a focus on the work of Bourdieu, which seems to the author to offer the most productive framework for thinking about these issues. But in the last section he raises a number of problems that might be tackled through the incorporation of some feminist approaches.

scholarly journals Patriarchal Myths in the Novels of Margaret Atwood: A Critical Study

2020 ◽  
pp. 18-28
Author(s):  
Miss Huma
Keyword(s):  
Margaret Atwood ◽  
Value Systems ◽  
Critical Study ◽  
Contemporary Society ◽  
The Past ◽  
The World ◽  
Identity Perception

The article acquaints and explains the consideration of Margaret Atwood’s novels: ‘Surfacing’ (1972), ‘The Handmaid’s Tale’ (1985), and ‘The Robber Bride’ (1993), which presents the role of patriarchal myths in the era of post-modern. She tried to represent the situation of women in contemporary society, where society demands mute acceptance from a woman considered as “weaker sex” or “inferior sex”. Feminism both as a concept and a movement has emerged as a reaction against the atrocities of patriarchy. By myth-making, Margaret is testing her identity, perception, recording the world, and value systems projected is the past.

scholarly journals Peran Ganda Hakim Sebagai Mediator Bagi Penyelesaian Perkara Perdata Di Pengadilan Terkait Kode Etik Profesi

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-27
Author(s):  
Dely Bunga Saravistha
Keyword(s):  
Code Of Ethics ◽  
Dual Role ◽  
Court Decisions ◽  
Legal Research ◽  
Dual Roles ◽  
Professional Characteristics ◽  
The Supreme Court ◽  
Case Files ◽  
The Impact

The integration of mediation by the Supreme Court Regulation No. 1 of2016 on Mediation Procedure Court (hereinafter called Perma 1 of 2016) has given newduties and responsibilities of judges, which in addition to being a judge is also requiredto perform the function of mediator. Mediator and Judge are both legal profession, eachof which has a Code of Ethics and professional characteristics. This research is anormative law, the legal research that lay down the law as a system of building norms inthe form of principles, norms, rules of law, court decisions, agreements and doctrines ofexperts. Perma existence in 2016 has made judges have dual roles that are mutuallycontradictory. The impact of the position and the dual role of judges in the courts is anaccumulation of case files still occur because of the number of judges is not proportionalto the intensity of incoming cases and also due to judges who dominate the judicialmediation process is still very rare to see success. So that the existence of mediation onlybe impressed stalling settling disputes.

Professional Women's Attitudes toward the Dual Role of Women

1977 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 327-334 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lorraine Walker ◽  
S. Thomas Friedman
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
Dual Role ◽  
Faculty Members ◽  
Primary Role ◽  
Dual Roles ◽  
Attitudinal Model ◽  
Occupational Career

This study examined the structure of professional women's attitudes toward the dual roles encompassed in motherhood and occupational career. A dual-role scale of 19 items was constructed and with other scales given female faculty members each with at least one child at home. Factor analytical techniques produced a three-dimensional attitudinal model: the career as enriching family life, role equality, and primary role priority. Relationships between these anitudinal components and other measures of feminine involvement and demographic variables are presented.

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