Effect of some commonly used pesticides on seed germination, biomass production and photosynthetic pigments in tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum)

Ecotoxicology ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 329-341 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shakirullah Khan Shakir ◽  
Memoona Kanwal ◽  
Waheed Murad ◽  
Zia ur Rehman ◽  
Shafiq ur Rehman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Lycopersicon Esculentum ◽  
Biomass Production ◽  
Photosynthetic Pigments

scholarly journals Effect of Proline and Aspirin on Seed Germination and Seedling Growth of Lycopersicon esculentum and Surface Growth of Fusarium oxysporum

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 813-818
Author(s):  
Baghdad Science Journal
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Lycopersicon Esculentum ◽  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Surface Growth ◽  
Seed Decay ◽  
Effect Of Surface ◽  
Infection Percentage

Research was conducted to study the effect of proline and aspirin with 10 and 20 ppm on seed germination and seedling growth of Lycopersicon esculentum and the effect of surface growth of Fusarium oxysporum. The results showed that the proline and aspirin effected significantly to decreased percentage of seed germination, acceleration of germination, promoter indicator, elongation speed of radical and plumule and also the infection percentage of seed decay and surface growth of Fusarium oxysporum was reduced significantly.

scholarly journals Low Doses of Cuscuta reflexa Extract Act as Natural Biostimulants to Improve the Germination Vigor, Growth, and Grain Yield of Wheat Grown under Water Stress: Photosynthetic Pigments, Antioxidative Defense Mechanisms, and Nutrient Acquisition

Biomolecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1212 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qasim Ali ◽  
Rashida Perveen ◽  
Mohamed A. El-Esawi ◽  
Shafaqat Ali ◽  
Syed Makhdoom Hussain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Photosynthetic Pigments ◽  
Defense Mechanisms ◽  
Seed Priming ◽  
Low Doses ◽  
Antioxidative Defense ◽  
Cuscuta Reflexa ◽  
Germination Vigor

The present study was conducted to investigate the effects of Cuscuta reflexa extract (CRE) on the activities of germination enzymes, seed germination vigor, biomass production, physio-biochemical attributes, and seed yield of water-stressed wheat plants. Different levels of CRE (0, 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50%), including water soaking, were used as seed priming. Water stress negatively affected the seed germination, germination enzyme activities, growth, yield, and different physio-biochemical attributes of wheat plants. Low doses of CRE (10, 20, and 30%) ameliorated the adverse effects of water stress on seed germination attributes, and activities of germination enzymes, but negative impacts were recorded at higher doses (40 and 50%) of CRE. Water-stressed wheat plants grown from seeds pre-treated with low doses of CRE also showed better growth and yield as compared with non-treated ones, and that was associated with an improvement in water relations, photosynthetic pigments, nutrient acquisition, reduced lipid peroxidation, and better antioxidative defense mechanisms. The maximum increase in seed yield was 14.77 and 12.32%, found in plants grown from seeds treated with 20% and 10% CRE, respectively. In conclusion, it is suggested that using low doses of CRE as seed priming can contribute to better wheat yield under water stress, especially in semi-arid and arid areas.

Water potential of cherry tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) placenta and seed germination in response to desiccation during fruit development

2004 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 249-257
Author(s):  
Albert T. Modi ◽  
Belinda J. White
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Lycopersicon Esculentum ◽  
Water Potential ◽  
Amylase Activity ◽  
Cherry Tomato ◽  
Stages Of Development ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Activity Promotion ◽  
Germination Behaviour ◽  
Seed Water Content

Cherry tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) seeds harvested from fruits at four stages of development [2, 4, 6 and 8 weeks after flowering (WAF)] were washed (1% HCl) and germinated after 72 h of desiccation at 20°C, and 76%, 49% or 12% RH. Seed α-amylase activity was determined at each stage of development and correlated with seed germination. Desiccation at 76% and 49% RH had no significant effect on the germination of seeds at 4, 6 and 8 WAF, whereas it improved germination of seeds at 2 WAF. Low RH (12%) significantly reduced seed germination at all stages of development. There was a positive correlation (r = 0.68, P ≤ 0.05) between germination and α-amylase activity during seed development. Scanning electron microscopy also revealed a correlation between starch grain occurrence in the endosperm and α-amylase activity. Placenta water potential decreased with fruit and seed maturation, and correlated negatively with improved seed germination and α-amylase activity. Promotion of seed germination by desiccation in developing cherry tomato seeds was lost 4 weeks prior to mass maturity (80 ± 3% seed water content and –2.3 ± 0.1 MPa placenta water potential). It is proposed that the water potential differential between the placenta and the seeds influences α-amylase activity and germination behaviour during development.

Effects of osmotic priming on dormancy and storability of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentumMill.) seeds

1996 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 49-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yongqing Liu ◽  
R. J. Bino ◽  
W. J. van der Burg ◽  
S. P. C. Groot ◽  
H. W. M. Hilhorst
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Lycopersicon Esculentum ◽  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Untreated Control ◽  
Seed Priming ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Germination Process ◽  
Controlled Deterioration ◽  
Physical Changes ◽  
Seed Storability

AbstractFreshly harvested tomato (Lycopersicon esculentumMill, cv. Moneymaker) seeds were osmotically primed for 8 d in −1.0 MPa PEG-6000 solution and dried to about 6% water content for storage. Such so–called ‘fresh PEG priming’ enhanced seed germination and improved seedling performance as compared with the untreated control. Fresh PEG priming neither alleviated seed dormancy nor promoted DNA replication as was the case when seeds were dried upon harvest and subsequently primed in PEG (normal PEG priming). However, the addition of 10 μM GA4+7to the osmotic priming solution triggered replicative DNA synthesis of fresh-priming seeds and further enhanced the germination process. After 5 months of storage in ambient temperature conditions, fresh PEG-primed seeds maintained more positive effects gained from priming, whereas, normal PEG-primed seeds had lost the promoting effects on germination. Normal PEG-primed seeds were much more susceptible to controlled deterioration than fresh PEG-primed seeds. It is suggested that the advancement of germination is negatively correlated with seed storability. The mechanisms of seed priming in relation to nuclear replication activities and physical changes are discussed.

Kraft mill sludge to improve vegetal production in Chilean Andisol

2007 ◽  
Vol 55 (6) ◽  
pp. 31-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Gallardo ◽  
M.L. Mora ◽  
M.C. Diez
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Biomass Production ◽  
Mineral Content ◽  
Absorption Efficiency ◽  
Nutrient Absorption ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Respiration Activity ◽  
Volcanic Ashes ◽  
Kraft Mill

The effect of kraft mill sludge addition (25 to 75 ton/ha) to soil derived from volcanic ashes (Andisol) on wheat (Triticum aestivum L.cv. Puken) biomass production, and in the nutrient absorption by the plants was evaluated. Respiration activity and seed germination tests were carried out on the soil/sludge mixtures, in order to evaluate possible toxic effects due to the sludge addition to the soil. Soil without sludge was used as a control treatment. The plants were grown in a greenhouse (25 °C, 14 h-photoperiod) during 120 days, then the plants were collected and dried at 65 °C for 72 h for the determination of biomass production (root and aerial) and analyzed for mineral content (Ca, Mg, K and P). The mixtures of soil/sludge showed no toxicity. Seed germination and respiration activity increased with the increment of the sludge. The accumulated CO2 in the soil without sludge was 41.66 mg CO2/100; this value shows a low microbial activity. The biomass increased with the increment of sludge addition to the soil and five times more biomass was obtained when 75 ton/ha sludge was added to the soil. The nutrient absorption efficiency was also improved with the sludge addition.

Effect of Antitranspirant and Fertilization on Flowering, Fruiting, and Biomass Production in `Early Girl' Tomato Plants

HortScience ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 456c-456
Author(s):  
Sanliang Gu ◽  
Leslie H. Fuchigami ◽  
Lailiang Cheng ◽  
Sung H. Guak ◽  
Charles C.H. Shin
Keyword(s):  
Controlled Release ◽  
Lycopersicon Esculentum ◽  
Biomass Production ◽  
Fruit Set ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Flower Number ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Fruit Number ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Fertilization Rates

Seedling plugs of `Early Girl' tomato plants (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) were potted in peatmoss and perlite (60:40% by volume) medium, fertilized with 8, 16, 24, or 32 g NutriCote Total controlled-release fertilizer (type 100, 13N–5.67P–10.79K plus micronutrients) per pot (2.81 L), and treated with 0%, 2.5%, 5%, or 7.5% antitranspirant GLK-8924 solution, at the four true-leaf stage. Plants were tipped at the second inflorescence and laterals were removed upon emergence. Flowering of both clusters were advanced by higher fertilization rates and depressed by GLK-8924. Increasing rates of fertilization increased flower and fruit number of the lower cluster and fruit set of upper cluster. GLK-8924 had no effect on flower number, fruit number, and fruit set. Fertilization increased the biomass production of all plant parts while GLK-8924 reduced the biomass production of leaves and fruit only. Root and stem biomass was not influenced by GLK-8924. The effect of GLK-8924 on fruit dry weight was dependent on the position of the cluster and GLK-8924 concentration. Fertilization did not interact with GLK-8924 to influence flowering, fruiting, and biomass production.

Isoxaflutole Shifts Kochia (Kochia scoparia) Populations in Continuous Corn

2010 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 392-396 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gustavo M. Sbatella ◽  
Robert G. Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seed Dormancy ◽  
Photosynthetic Pigments ◽  
The Other ◽  
Experimental Plot ◽  
Kochia Scoparia ◽  
Treated Area ◽  
Continuous Corn ◽  
Experimental Plots

Kochia control in continuous corn became increasingly difficult in experimental plots where isoxaflutole was used PRE for 8 yr. Studies were conducted to determine if poor kochia control resulted from an escape mechanism based on different germination rates or from a difference in sensitivity to isoxaflutole. Germination at constant temperatures showed that the kochia population in the experimental plot had greater seed dormancy compared with populations growing in adjacent fields. Germination at 25 C for seeds collected from the isoxaflutole-treated area was near 20% after 20 d, whereas germination for the other populations was above 80%. The optimal temperatures to release seed dormancy for seeds from the experimental plot were alternating 35/25 C day/night temperatures. The kochia biotype that predominated where isoxaflutole was applied PRE had elevated levels of seed dormancy and required higher alternating temperatures to release dormancy than untreated control kochia. These characteristics were unique and not found in populations never exposed to isoxaflutole. Chlorophyll content was measured to determine if differences in sensitivity to isoxaflutole existed among biotypes. Absorption at 660 nm by photosynthetic pigments was similar among the biotypes at increasing herbicide rates, indicating no differences in sensitivity to isoxaflutole among populations. Reduced kochia control in the experimental plot was due to delayed seed germination, which allowed isoxaflutole to degrade before seeds germinated. The rapid herbicide dissipation from soil can be attributed in part to coarse soils, soil moisture, and the low isoxaflutole rate.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document