scholarly journals Air quality and PM10-associated poly-aromatic hydrocarbons around the railway traffic area: statistical and air mass trajectory approaches

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (5) ◽  
pp. 2039-2053 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nazrul Islam ◽  
Shahadev Rabha ◽  
Luis F. O. Silva ◽  
Binoy K. Saikia
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Air Mass ◽  
Railway Traffic ◽  
Traffic Area ◽  
Air Mass Trajectory ◽  
Poly Aromatic Hydrocarbons

scholarly journals An Environmental Friendly Perspective of Microbial Degradation

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Polychlorinated Biphenyls ◽  
Microbial Degradation ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Environmental Friendly ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Degradation Of Pollutants ◽  
Poly Aromatic Hydrocarbons

In the recent years attempt to find cost-effective and ecological ways to deal with noxious waste led mankind to focus on the use of microbes for the degradation of pollutants. These environmental friendly remediation methods employs the microbial naturally occurring catabolic capabilities to alter, vitiate or accrue a large number of pollutants including poly aromatic hydrocarbons, polychlorinated biphenyls, radio nuclides ,heavy metals etc. High-through put analyses of environmentally relevant microbes provides an insight of their major degradative pathways as well as their competence to acclimate to altering environmental conditions.

scholarly journals Association of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in moss with blood biomarker among nearby residents in Portland, Oregon

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Igor Burstyn ◽  
Geoffrey H. Donovan ◽  
Yvonne L. Michael ◽  
Sarah Jovan
Keyword(s):  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Dna Adducts ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Human Health Risk ◽  
Monitoring Methods ◽  
Wood Fire ◽  
Individual Determinants ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
Environmental Air

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are a component of air pollutants that are costly to measure using traditional air-quality monitoring methods. We used an epiphytic bio-indicator (moss genus: Orthotrichum) to cost-effectively evaluate atmospheric deposition of PAHs in Portland, Oregon in May 2013. However, it is unclear if measurements derived from these bioindicators are good proxies for human exposure. To address this question, we simultaneously, measured PAH-DNA adducts in blood samples of non-smokers residing close to the sites of moss measurements. We accounted for individual determinants of PAH uptake that are not related to environmental air quality through questionnaires, e.g., wood fires, consumption of barbecued and fried meats. Correlation and linear regression (to control for confounders from the lifestyle factors) evaluated the associations. We did not observe evidence of an association between PAH levels in moss and PAH-DNA adducts in blood of nearby residents, but higher level of adduct were evident in those who used wood fire in their houses in the last 48 hours. It remains to be determined whether bio-indicators in moss can be used for human health risk assessment.

scholarly journals The impact of circulation patterns on regional transport pathways and air quality over Beijing and its surroundings

2011 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 33465-33509 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. P. Zhang ◽  
T. Zhu ◽  
Q. H. Zhang ◽  
C. C. Li ◽  
H. L. Shu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Regional Transport ◽  
Transport Pathways ◽  
Air Mass ◽  
The North ◽  
Circulation Patterns ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Local Meteorology ◽  
Mass Sources

Abstract. This study investigated the air pollution characteristics of synoptic-scale circulation in the Beijing megacity, and provided holistic evaluation of the impacts of circulation patterns on air quality during the 2008 Beijing Summer Olympics. Nine weather circulation types (CTs) were objectively identified over the North China region during 2000–2009, using obliquely rotated T-mode principal component analysis (PCA). The resulting CTs were examined in relation to the local meteorology, regional transport pathways, and air quality parameters, respectively. The FLEXPART-WRF model was used to calculate 48-h backward plume trajectories for each CT. Nine CTs were characterized, with distinct local meteorology and air mass origins. CT 1 (high to the west with a strong pressure gradient) was characterized by a northwestern origin, with the smallest local and southeasterly air mass sources, and CT 6 (high to the northwest) had air mass sources mostly from the north and east. In contrast, CTs 5, 8, and 9 (unique, high to the east, and low to the northwest, respectively) were characterized by southern and southeastern trajectories, which indicated a greater influence of high pollutant emission sources. In turn, poor air quality in Beijing (high loadings of PM10, BC, SO2, NO2, O3, AOD, and low visibility) was associated with these CTs. Good air quality in Beijing was associated with CTs 1 and 6. The average visibilities (with ±1 σ) in Beijing for CTs 1 and 6 during 2000–2009 were 18.5 ± 8.3 km and 14.3 ± 8.5 km, respectively. In contrast, poor visibility values of 6.0 ± 3.5 km, 6.6 ± 3.7 km, and 6.7 ± 3.6 km were found in CTs 5, 8, and 9, respectively. The mean concentrations of PM10 for CTs 1, 6, 5, 8, and 9 during 2005–2009 were 90.3 ± 76.3 μg m−3, 111.7 ± 89.6 μg m−3, 173.4 ± 105.8 μg m−3, 158.4 ± 90.0 μg m−3, and 151.2 ± 93.1 μg m−3, respectively. Analysis of the relationship between circulation pattern and air quality during the emission control period suggests that CTs are the primary drivers of day-to-day variations in pollutant concentrations over Beijing and its vicinity. During the Olympics period, the frequency of CT 6 was twice that of the mean in August from 2000 to 2009. This CT had northerly transport pathways and favorable meteorological conditions (e.g. frequent precipitation) for clean air during the Olympics. Assuming that relationships between CTs and air quality parameters in the same season (month) were constant in different years, the relative contributions of synoptic circulation to decreases in PM10, BC, SO2, NO2, CO, AOD, and horizontal light extinction during the Olympics were estimated as 19 ± 14%, 18 ± 13%, 41 ± 36%, 12 ± 7%, 19 ± 11%, 25 ± 28%, and 50 ± 46%, respectively.

An air-mass trajectory study of the transport of radioactivity from Fukushima to Thessaloniki, Greece and Milan, Italy

2013 ◽  
Vol 75 ◽  
pp. 163-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Ioannidou ◽  
E. Giannakaki ◽  
M. Manolopoulou ◽  
S. Stoulos ◽  
E. Vagena ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Mass ◽  
Air Mass Trajectory

Changes of air pollutants’ concentrations in selected Romanian cities during the pandemic year 2020

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriela Iorga ◽  
George-Bogdan Burghelea
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
European Commission ◽  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Meteorological Parameters ◽  
Dust Particles ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Variation ◽  
Pollution Level ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Air Mass

<p>Present research contributes to scientific knowledge concerning spatial and temporal variation of major air pollutants with high resolution at the country scale bringing statistical information on concentrations of NOx, O<sub>3</sub>, CO, SO<sub>2</sub> and particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter below 10 μm (PM<sub>10</sub>) and below 2.5 μm (PM<sub>2.5</sub>) during the pandemic year 2020 using an observational data set from the Romanian National Air Quality Network in seven selected cities spread out over the country. These cities have different level of development, play regional roles, might have potential influence at European scale and they are expected to be impacted by different pollution sources. Among them, three cities (Bucharest, Brașov, Iași) appear frequently on the list of the European Commission with reference to the infringement procedure that the European Commission launched against Romania in the period 2007-2020 regarding air quality.</p><p>Air pollutant data was complemented with local meteorological parameters at each site (atmospheric pressure, relative humidity, temperature, global solar radiation, wind speed and direction). Statistics of air pollutants provide us with an overview of air pollution in main Romanian cities.  Correlations between meteorological parameters and ambient pollutant levels were analyzed. Lowest air pollution levels were measured during the lockdown period in spring, as main traffic and non-essential activities were severely restricted. Among exceptions were the construction activities that were not interrupted. During 2020, some of selected cities experienced few pollution episodes which were due to dust transport from Sahara desert. However, in Bucharest metropolitan area, some cases with high pollution level were found correlated with local anthropogenic activity namely, waste incinerations. Air mass origins were investigated for 72 hours back by computing the air mass backward trajectories using the HYSPLIT model. Dust load and spatial distribution of the aerosol optical depth with BSC-DREAM8b v2.0 and NMBM/BSC-Dust models showed the area with dust particles transport during the dust events.</p><p>The obtained results are important for investigations of sources of air pollution and for modeling of air quality.</p><p><strong> </strong></p><p><strong>Acknowledgment:</strong></p><p>The research leading to these results has received funding from the NO Grants 2014-2021, under Project contract no. 31/2020, EEA-RO-NO-2019-0423 project. NOAA Air Resources Laboratory for HYSPLIT transport model, available at READY website https://www.ready.noaa.gov  and the Barcelona dust forecast center for BSC-DREAM8b and NMBM/BSC-Dust models, available at:  https://ess.bsc.es/bsc-dust-daily-forecast are also acknowledged. The data regarding ground-based air pollution and meteorology by site was extracted from the public available Romanian National Air Quality Database, www.calitateaer.ro.</p>

scholarly journals Characteristics and Source Apportionment of PM2.5 and O3 during Winter of 2013 and 2018 in Beijing

Atmosphere ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 1324
Author(s):  
Yisheng Zhong ◽  
Xiaoqi Wang ◽  
Shuiyuan Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Sharp Decrease ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Capital City ◽  
Air Quality Model ◽  
Quality Model ◽  
Hysplit Model ◽  
Control Policies ◽  
Air Mass ◽  
Pm2.5 Concentration

Beijing, the capital city of China, has achieved remarkable progress in terms of an improvement in air quality under strict control policies in the past 10 years from various sources. In this paper, the characteristics of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and O3 in January 2013 and 2018 in Beijing are discussed on the basis of daily sample analysis and hourly monitoring data. It was found that the PM2.5 pollution for the month of January in Beijing has been greatly curbed. The SO42− concentration and proportion of PM2.5 decreased, while the proportions of NO3− and NH4+ increased. Organic matter represented the major component during the two periods with the proportions of 31.7% ± 8.2% and 31.4% ± 9.8%. The results of the Hybrid Single Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory (Hysplit) model and Potential Source Contribution Function (PSCF) method showed that air mass from southern nearby regions accounted for 34% and 10% in 2013 and 2018, respectively, which was closely related to the pollution period. Thus, the input direction of air mass in January 2018 was more conducive to the diffusion of pollutants. Modeling results of the Weather Research and Forecasting model (WRF) coupled with Comprehensive Air Quality Model Extensions (CAMx) indicated that the contribution of industry sources to PM2.5 and O3 decreased from 2013 to 2018, while mobile sources increased. This was mainly due to the different control policies on various emission sources. In terms of O3 sources, more control measurements should be taken on volatile organic compounds (VOCs) due to its prominent effect on O3 concentration in both periods. The reduction in emissions and the meteorological conditions both contributed effectively to the sharp decrease in PM2.5 concentration. However, the change in weather conditions had the greater impact on the decrease in PM2.5 concentration, while the reduction in emissions was weakened as a function of this change.

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