scholarly journals Social Autonomy and Heteronomy in the Age of ICT: The Digital Pharmakon and the (Dis)Empowerment of the General Intellect

2015 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 287-296 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pieter Lemmens
Keyword(s):  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Digital Networks ◽  
Digital Revolution ◽  
Digital Network ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Social Autonomy ◽  
Network Technologies ◽  
And Control ◽  
General Intellect

Abstract ‘The art of living with ICTs (information and communication technologies)’ today not only means finding new ways to cope, interact and create new lifestyles on the basis of the new digital (network) technologies individually, as ‘consumer-citizens’. It also means inventing new modes of living, producing and, not in the least place, struggling collectively, as workers and producers. As the so-called digital revolution unfolds in the context of a neoliberal cognitive and consumerist capitalism, its ‘innovations’ are predominantly employed to modulate and control both production processes and consumer behavior in view of the overall goal of extracting surplus value. Today, the digital networks overwhelmingly destroy social autonomy, instead engendering increasing social heteronomy and proletarianization. Yet it is these very networks themselves, as technical pharmaka in the sense of French ‘technophilosopher’ Bernard Stiegler, that can be employed as no other to struggle against this tendency. This paper briefly explores this possibility by reflecting upon current diagnoses of our ‘technological situation’ by some exemplary post-operaist Marxists from a Stieglerian, pharmacological perspective.

scholarly journals Infocentros: Una estrategia social, científica y tecnológica en acción en los servicios públicos del Ecuador

ECA Sinergia ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 7
Author(s):  
Olger Javier Yaulema Zavala ◽  
Tatiana Lucio Mancheno ◽  
Lázaro Blanco Encinosa
Keyword(s):  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Communication Systems ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Government Information ◽  
Digital Networks ◽  
Important Place ◽  
Digital Network ◽  
Palabras Clave ◽  
Technological Practice ◽  
Information And Communication

  Se analiza de manera preliminar una “Sociedad en Red”, que destaca un nuevo paradigma social en el que la alianza entre el conocimiento y la información, ocupa un lugar muy importante en los sistemas de producción y comunicación, impulsadas por un componente dominante, denominado “redes digitales”, que permiten incrementar el movimiento de información. Fundamentalmente se analizan las principales incidencias de los infocentros en los servicios públicos de Ecuador, desde varias perspectivas sobre la práctica tecnológica.   Palabras clave: Gobierno Electrónico, Tecnologías de Información y Comunicación, Interoperabilidad ABSTRACT It had been analyzed a new social paradigm (Digital network society), in which the alliance between knowledge and information occupies a very important place in the production and communication systems, a key component called digital networks, that allow to increase the movement of data-driven analyses preliminarily. Also discusses the major incidences of the infocenters in the public services of Ecuador, from various perspective on technological practice.   Key words: E-government, information and communication technologies, interoperability

Digital revolution and party innovations: An analysis of the Spanish case

2019 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 235-253
Author(s):  
Francesco Raniolo ◽  
Valeria Tarditi
Keyword(s):  
Political Parties ◽  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Organizational Models ◽  
Party Change ◽  
Digital Revolution ◽  
Political Transformations ◽  
New Information ◽  
Information And Communication

AbstractThe literature on party change has shown how the advent of the digital revolution and the diffusion of new Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) in the democracies of the 21st century have influenced the way political parties communicate and perform their functions. Less investigated, however, is the organizational reaction of political parties to the challenges posed by the transformation of the communications environment. The aim of this paper is to scrutinize whether parties evince a transformative tendency towards virtual models in which new digital ICTs are used as ‘functional equivalents’ of the old organizational infrastructures. To this end, the paper focuses on the Spanish democracy – a paradigmatic case of the political transformations that European democracies have undergone since the 2008 economic crisis – comparing the organizational models of the main political parties: the Partido Socialista Obrero Español, the Partido Popular, Podemos and Ciudadanos. Particularly the analysis – through the use of parties' documents – focuses on whether and how digital tools are used by the Spanish parties in three dimensions: the participants in the organization, the organizational configuration and the decision-making process. The main conclusions are: new challenger parties make a more intense and radical use of new ICTs introducing ‘disrupting innovations’ in their organization, while old and mainstream parties gradually adapt their organization to the new digital environment introducing ‘sustaining innovations’; parties on the left make greater use of ICTs in order to foster greater internal democracy when compared to their corresponding parties on the centre-right.

Design of an Intelligent Remote Monitoring and Control of Bangladesh Railway Transport System Using Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs)

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md. Abdullah Al Harun Khan Chowdhury
Keyword(s):  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Transport System ◽  
Asset Management ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
Railway Transport ◽  
Sensors And Actuators ◽  
Efficient Operation ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
And Control

In Bangladesh, transport sectors are developing rapidly to meet the increasing demand for transporting passengers and freight inside and outside the country. But there is not such development in railway transport system. The Bangladesh Railway transport system is still using an old technology to monitor and control signalling, scheduling, operations etc. This paper describes various problems in the existing systems and also solutions have been provided considering the existing railway transport systems of Bangladesh. A new system has been developed to control and monitor the total railway transport system from remote locations. While designing the system, various sensors and actuators have been introduced and also Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) have been applied in the field of railway transport. So a Machatronics aspect of system has been designed to ensure a collision free, safe and efficient operation and management of railway transport system. This system is not only for monitoring and controlling of railway transport but also ensures efficient asset management. As a result face-to-face accidents, cross-road accidents and accidents due to railway line displacements or breakage can be avoided and there will be no loss of assets and valuable human lives.

The Lawyer in the Emerging Digital Environment: A Botswana Perspective

2004 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 109-129
Author(s):  
Madeleine Choe-Amusimo Fombad ◽  
Charles Manga Fombad
Keyword(s):  
Human Brain ◽  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Digital Environment ◽  
Digital Revolution ◽  
Industrial Economy ◽  
African Renaissance ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Post Industrial

The advent of the global digital revolution and the phenomenal advances in information and communication technologies (ICTs), have today provided an opportunity for the much-vaunted African renaissance and a chance for the continent to leapfrog over some of the enormous barriers of underdevelopment and claim a place in the post-industrial economy. The new technology has not only liberated the human brain from many mundane tasks but it has enhanced our productivity in many dramatic ways. It is becoming increasingly clear that the availability and use of ICTs is pre-requisite for economic and social development in this era of globalization.

scholarly journals Energy, Carbon and Renewable Energy: Candidate Metrics for Green-aware Routing?

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (13) ◽  
pp. 2901 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hossain ◽  
Georges ◽  
Rondeau ◽  
Divoux
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Co2 Emissions ◽  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Routing Algorithm ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Energy Aware ◽  
Traffic Demand ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
And Control

There are all sort of indications that Internet usage will go only upwards, resulting in an increase in energy consumption and CO2 emissions. At the same time, a significant amount of this carbon footprint corresponds to the information and communication technologies (ICT) sector, with around one third being due to networking. In this paper we have approached the problem of green networking from the point of view of sustainability. Here, alongside energy-aware routing, we have also introduced pollution-aware routing with environmental metrics like carbon emission factor and non-renewable energy usage percentage. We have proposed an algorithm based on these three candidate-metrics. Our algorithm provides optimum data and control planes for three different metrics which regulate the usage of different routers and adapt the bandwidth of the links while giving the traffic demand requirements utmost priority. We have made a comparison between these three metrics in order to show their impact on greening routing. The results show that for a particular scenario, our pollution-aware routing algorithm can reduce 36% and 20% of CO2 emissions compared to shortest path first and energy-based solutions, respectively.

Application of ICT in effective crisis management: A systematic review

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 591-606
Author(s):  
Mohammad Ali Fazeli, PhD ◽  
Azamossadat Hosseini, PhD ◽  
Farkhondeh Asadi, PhD ◽  
Hassan Haghighi, PhD
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Crisis Management ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Ict Tools ◽  
Basic Services ◽  
And Control ◽  
Crisis Managers

Introduction: Effective crisis management can reduce the costs and consequences of a crisis and has a significant impact on saving human lives in critical situations. Proper use of information and communication technologies (ICTs) can improve all crisis management phases and crisis communication cycles according to the needs of stakeholders. The purpose of this review article is to identify which ICTs have been used in effective crisis management and what managerial tasks they support.Method: A systematic review was conducted based on PRISMA protocol. The investigated articles that have been published in English were all indexed in PubMed, Science Direct, IEEE, Web of Science, and Google Scholar databases from 2005 to 2019. The keywords searched were “Crisis Management,” “Emergency Management,” “Information and Communication Technology,” and their synonyms.Results: A total of 1,703 articles were retrieved, and 81 articles that met the inclusion criteria were retained. In terms of content, there were 54 case studies/review articles, 38 proposals, and seven prototypes among which 18 case studies and proposals were the same. According to surveys, 18 ICT tools and technologies have been used in effective crisis management with the purpose of supporting managerial tasks such as situation assessment, decision-making, coordination/command and control, communication with the public, and supply of basic services in order to enable crisis management and logistics.Conclusion: This study showed that proper use of ICT can help crisis managers optimize their performance that will consequently result in effective crisis management and the reduction of casualties. In the crisis management cycle, several tools and technologies have been used for various purposes, however; some crisis managers’ tasks were still not taken into consideration sufficiently, and thus, some recommendations for further research in this field were provided.

Empowering the Economic Impact of Virtual Communities

2020 ◽  
pp. 150-171
Author(s):  
Tuğçe Aslan ◽  
Adem Akbıyık
Keyword(s):  
Economic Impact ◽  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Virtual Communities ◽  
Business Models ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Sharing Economy ◽  
Transformation Process ◽  
Digital Networks ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Information And Communication

Developments in information and communication technologies have led to changes in the consumption patterns of individuals and the distancing of businesses from traditional business models. Globally, the digital transformation process has led businesses to more innovative and flexible business models. Sharing economy is a type of digital economy in which goods or services are shared through digital networks, is an innovative and flexible business model. One of the key factors in sharing economic business models is the perception of trust. The term trust has been called the currency of the sharing economy. This chapter examines trust issues in sharing economy to empower the economic impact of virtual communities because trust is a key element in strengthening participation or knowledge sharing in virtual communities. In this respect, the concept of virtual communities and trust is explained. Moreover, the concept of trust in virtual communities and the effects of virtual communities on the economy are evaluated within the framework of sharing economy.

Digital Transformation in Local Administration

2021 ◽  
pp. 395-409
Author(s):  
Miraldina Ximenes Duarte
Keyword(s):  
Public Administration ◽  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Social Role ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Target Population ◽  
Quality Level ◽  
Digital Networks ◽  
New Information ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Work Education

Information disseminated through digital networks has a fundamental impact on social welfare, given the range of opportunities offered by the digital economy and the new information and communication technologies, with profound impacts in several areas, namely work, education,and increase the quality and efficiency of public services.The creation of a more efficient, effective, more transparent public administration capable of providing public services with a higher quality level and in an integrated way to the citizen is one of the great objectives and at the same time one of the great challenges that the professionals of public administration face. The state has the social role of avoiding info-exclusion by applying measures directed at the population at risk. Such measures should be able to be applied in the governmental organs closest to the target population. The objective of this study will focus on the analysis of the transition of municipalities to the digital society.

Technologies of Peace

2021 ◽  
pp. 413-428
Author(s):  
Allard Duursma ◽  
John Karlsrud
Keyword(s):  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Early Warning ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Situational Awareness ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Digital Revolution ◽  
Ethical Implications ◽  
Early Action ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Negative Side Effects

This chapter examines the effects of the digital revolution and new information and communication technologies on peacekeeping and peacebuilding. The chapter is concerned with how digital and web-based information and communication technologies can be used to prevent and manage armed violence, foster inclusive societies, and ensure a durable and high-quality peace. The UN is increasingly adopting new technologies, particularly within the field of peacekeeping. To increase situational awareness, UN peacekeeping staff have crowdsourced information and used drones and satellite imagery. In addition, the analysis of peacekeeping data holds great potential for early warning. New technological tools can help foster collaboration, transform attitudes, and give a stronger voice to local communities. Online platforms have been used to monitor elections, document human rights abuses, and facilitate communication between members of different sides in a conflict. However, since one cannot simply assume that technology will change everything for the better, it is crucial to be aware of the ethical implications of the use of new peace technologies. The UN needs to be careful that early warning is translated into early action. Peacekeepers and peacebuilders should also be vigilant when it comes to mitigating the possible abuse and negative side effects of the use of peace technologies. The chapter concludes that peace technologies significantly influence the prospects for peacekeeping and peacebuilding, particularly when the use of technology helps peacekeepers and peacebuilders be more people-centric.

scholarly journals Cyberbullying among University Students: Gendered Experiences, Impacts, and Perspectives

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chantal Faucher ◽  
Margaret Jackson ◽  
Wanda Cassidy
Keyword(s):  
Relational Aggression ◽  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Theoretical Frameworks ◽  
Power And Control ◽  
Gender Similarities ◽  
Affective Deficits ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
The University ◽  
And Control

Cyberbullying is an emerging issue in the context of higher education as information and communication technologies (ICT) increasingly become part of daily life in university. This paper presents findings from 1925 student surveys from four Canadian universities. The overall findings are broken down to determine gender similarities and differences that exist between male and female respondents’ backgrounds, ICT usage, experiences with cyberbullying, opinions about the issue, and solutions to the problem. We also examine the continuities between these findings and those of earlier studies on cyberbullying among younger students. Our findings also suggest that gender differences, which do emerge, provide some support for each of the three theoretical frameworks considered for understanding this issue, that is, relational aggression, cognitive-affective deficits, and power and control. However, none of these three models offers a full explanation on its own. The study thus provides information about cyberbullying behaviour at the university level, which has the potential to inform the development of more appropriate policies and intervention programs/solutions to address the gendered nature of this behaviour.

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