Appraisal of urban–rural disparities in access to health care facilities and exposure to health risk factors: A case study of Durgapur Industrial region, India

GeoJournal ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suman Chatterjee ◽  
Kaniska Sarkar
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Access To Health Care ◽  
Health Care Facilities ◽  
Health Risk Factors ◽  
Access To Health ◽  
Care Facilities ◽  
Urban Rural

scholarly journals Delayed access to treatment and frequency of acute respiratory infection as risk factors of severe pneumonia among children aged 12-59 months in Denpasar, Bali

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 61
Author(s):  
Dewa Ayu Ketut Sri Abadi ◽  
Dewa Nyoman Wirawan ◽  
Anak Agung Sagung Sawitri ◽  
I Gusti Ayu Trisna Windiani
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Access To Health Care ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Severe Pneumonia ◽  
Health Care Facilities ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Access To Treatment ◽  
Healthcare Facilities ◽  
Care Facilities

Background and purpose: Period prevalence of pneumonia among children in Indonesia increased from 2.1 in 2007 to 2.7 per 1000 children in 2013. The highest incidence was found among children aged 12-23 months. This study aims to examine association between delayed access to health care facilities and severity of children pneumonia.Methods: A case control study was conducted in Denpasar City. A total of 132 children were recruited to participate in this study, consisted of 44 cases and 88 controls. Cases were selected from 161 children with severe pneumonia who registered at Pulmonology Department of Sanglah General Hospital between January 2015 to April 2016. Controls were selected from 261 children aged 12-59 months with mild pneumonia who visited out-patient service at all community health centres in Denpasar City between January 2015 and April 2016. Cases and controls were matched by sex. Data were collected by interview with the parents in their houses. Data were analysed using multivariate analysis with logistic regression.Results: Risk factors associated to severity of pneumonia among children aged 12-59 months were delayed access to treatment for more than three days (AOR=2.15;95%CI: 1.39-3.32), non-health care facilities at first episode of illness (AOR=4.02; 95%CI: 1.53-10.61) and frequent episodes of respiratory infections (>4 times) over the last 6 months (AOR=5.45; 95%CI: 2.13-13.96).Conclusion: Delayed access to treatment, did not access healthcare facilities at first episode of illness, and high frequency of acute respiratory infections are risk factors of severe pneumonia among children.

scholarly journals The Health of Nepali Migrants in India: A Qualitative Study of Lifestyles and Risks

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (19) ◽  
pp. 3655 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pramod R. Regmi ◽  
Edwin van Teijlingen ◽  
Preeti Mahato ◽  
Nirmal Aryal ◽  
Navnita Jadhav ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Migrant Workers ◽  
Access To Health Care ◽  
Health Care Facilities ◽  
Service Utilisation ◽  
Limited Access ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Access To Health ◽  
Care Facilities

Background: Most health research on Nepali migrant workers in India is on sexual health, whilst work, lifestyle and health care access issues are under-researched. Methods: The qualitative study was carried out in two cities of Maharashtra State in 2017. Twelve focus group discussions (FGDs) and five in-depth interviews were conducted with Nepali male and female migrant workers. Similarly, eight interviews were conducted with stakeholders, mostly representatives of organisations working for Nepali migrants in India using social capital as a theoretical foundation. Results: Five main themes emerged from the analysis: (i) accommodation; (ii) lifestyle, networking and risk-taking behaviours; (iii) work environment; (iv) support from local organisations; and (v) health service utilisation. Lack of basic amenities in accommodation, work-related hazards such as lack of safety measures at work or safety training, reluctance of employers to organise treatment for work-related accidents, occupational health issues such as long working hours, high workload, no/limited free time, discrimination by co-workers were identified as key problems. Nepali migrants have limited access to health care facilities due to their inability to prove their identity. Health system of India also discriminates as some treatment is restricted to Indian nationals. The strength of this study is the depth it offers, its limitations includes a lack of generalizability, the latter is a generic issue in such qualitative research. Conclusion: This study suggests risks to Nepali migrant workers’ health in India range from accommodation to workplace and from their own precarious lifestyle habit to limited access to health care facilities. We must conduct a quantitative study on a larger population to establish the prevalence of the above mentioned issues and risks. Furthermore, the effectiveness of Nepali migrant support organisations in mitigating these risks needs to be researched.

scholarly journals Effect of public spending on agricultural productivity in Nigeria (1981-2018)

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-21
Author(s):  
Temidayo Apata
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Access To Health Care ◽  
National Level ◽  
Agricultural Productivity ◽  
Public Spending ◽  
Health Care Facilities ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Ecological Regions ◽  
Access To Health ◽  
Care Facilities

This study examines the effect of public spending on agricultural productivity in major agro-ecological regions in Nigeria (1981-2018). Using public finance data from agricultural and the non-agricultural sectors at a national level, agricultural productivity returns were analysed. Public spending on drivers of agricultural growth such as education, farm feeder roads and health care facilities and their effect on agricultural productivity were also examined. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and three-stage simultaneous equations. Descriptive statistics analysis results indicated that agricultural public spending as a part of total public spending averaged 4.88% between 1981 and 2018 across zones in Nigeria. Less than 25% of this allocation was spent on agricultural developmental/capital project. Elasticity results computed from the 3-stage simultaneous equation showed that the access to moderate farm feeder roads variable was 0.045, the access to education variable was 0.071 and the access to health care facilities (within 15-30 minutes’ walk to health facility) variable was 0.013. These variables were all significant at 1%. Such outcomes suggest that a 1% increase in the funding of education, farm feeder roads and health care facilities will enhance agricultural productivity per capita by 0.043. Hence, the results revealed an estimated benefit-cost-ratio of 4.3:1. Consequently, public expenditure on education, farm feeder roads and health care facilities of 4.3% would enhance agricultural productivity by 1%. However, the assessed marginal consequences and returns vary for four agro-ecological regions. Hence, harmonizing along with quality public spending on access to health care facilities, education and farm feeder roads would enhance agricultural productivity

scholarly journals Disparities in Health in State of Haryana

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dr. Tarun Bala
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Access To Health Care ◽  
Health Care Facilities ◽  
The State ◽  
Public Health Care ◽  
Public Health Services ◽  
Access To Health ◽  
Care Facilities ◽  
The Government

<div><p><em>Equitable health care is feasible through proper resource allocation and access to health care is resolute by health needs and utilization of public health services.</em><em> </em><em>Access to health care, as a determinant of health,  may be unequally distributed if over a period of time  proper policies and reforms are not introduced. Increasing urban-rural socio-economic disparities jeopardized the fairness in social welfare and particularly the equity of access to health care, which has been widely considered a key objective of health care policies, in turn putting the disadvantaged communities in especially vulnerable position by increasing their health risks. The present study is primarily concerned with the analyzing the progress/ availability of public health care facilities during the periods of development in the state of Haryana, India  and  differences in  District level health indicators while discussing the provision, availability, accessibility and utilization of health care facilities in the study area i.e. shortlisted from the State of Haryana. This study concludes disparities in health indictors over a period of time as disparities among the Districts /regions in the   availability of infrastructure and other health indictors. Though, the government has declared socially backwards Districts of Haryana, as  high priority Districts yet, the situation seems as it is and has sans improved or marginally improved .Similarly the lack of proper awareness w.r.t. utilization of available health care facilities  as provided by the Governments both Union and State also contributed to widening of disparities in some backward Districts of Haryana. There has been a dire  need to motivate the people about the proper utilization of available health care services provided by the respective Governments and reconsideration and Redressal of  the health issues  is also required at both levels -  consumption as well services providing provisions .  Access issues is  also essential for informing public decision- and policy-making aimed at  providing better life to its citizen. </em></p></div>

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