Volumetric Hydraulic Baffle: New-Generation Contactless Fish Protection Device

2005 ◽  
Vol 39 (5) ◽  
pp. 253-256
Author(s):  
A. V. Ivanov ◽  
G. G. Filippov ◽  
A. L. Ersler ◽  
K. V. Ilyushin
Keyword(s):  
Protection Device ◽  
New Generation ◽  
Fish Protection

scholarly journals Efficiency of Sonar Fish Protection Device at the Kokaral Dam of the Small Aral Sea

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 158-176
Author(s):  
S. Е. Sharakhmetov ◽  
◽  
T. R. Barakbayev ◽  
T. O. Adayev ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fish Species ◽  
Crucian Carp ◽  
Aral Sea ◽  
Predatory Fish ◽  
Control Fish ◽  
Protection Device ◽  
Pike Perch ◽  
Catch Per Effort ◽  
And Control ◽  
Fish Protection

The study aimed to assess the efficiency of the pilot hydro-acoustic (sonar) fish protection device (SFPD) installed at the Kokaral Dam of the Small Aral Sea. For this purpose, between August 27 and September 5, 2020 experimental and control fish catching was carried out using fixed fishing nets (30×60 mm mesh). The SFPD’s effectiveness was assessed based on the amount and species diversity of the caught fish with and without the SFPD operating. Fish behavior and distribution were monitored using an echo sounder. In terms of quantity, 173 fish were caught with the SFPD off, and 94 with the SFPD on. In terms of biomass, the values were 37.5 kg and 27.6 kg, respectively. With the SFPD off, the ichthyofauna composition was represented by 12 fish species: carp, crucian carp, roach, ide, bream, common rudd, saber carp, snakehead, pike perch, perch, pike, and asp. With the SFPD on, roach and ide were absent in the catch, and the quantity of common rudd significantly decreased. In both catches, the quantity of carp and crucian carp was similar; bream and saber carp specimen were sporadic. The number of predatory fish (pike, perch, snakeheads, and pike perch) in the catches increased. Asp was absent in the net catches also; however, this fish species represents the main object of amateur hook and line fishing. Based on the catch-per-effort unit, it can be concluded that whereas the SFPD observed efficiency for small non-predatory fish like ide, roach, and common rudd was 95%, it was 0% for large non-predatory fish (carp and crucian carp); and negative for predatory fish.

scholarly journals DEVELOPMENT OF A FICH PROTECTION DEVICE DESIGN

2021 ◽  
pp. 68-72
Author(s):  
A. Zabrodin ◽  
Yu. Bagaiskov
Keyword(s):  
Water Intake ◽  
Protection Device ◽  
Young Fish ◽  
Flow Forming ◽  
Hydraulic Flow ◽  
Type Device ◽  
Protection Devices ◽  
Reliability Of Operation ◽  
Intake Structure ◽  
Fish Protection

The water intake structure is a functional element of the water supply system, but it must also be a fish protection object. The following basic requirements are imposed on the devices of modern fish protection devices at water intakes: prevention of ingress and death of young fish and larvae, prevention of injury to young fish and larvae, removal of protected fish from water intake, reliability of operation under specific conditions and means. According to the principle of operation, the most effective is the active scheme, with the forced formation of the hydraulic flow structure. The design of a universal combined type device with the use of a jet generator as a flow-forming element that creates a reactive hydraulic movement designed to protect fish and juveniles with a body size of less than 15 mm is proposed.

The New-Generation Smart Substation Protective Equipment Testing Technology Research

2015 ◽  
Vol 738-739 ◽  
pp. 805-811
Author(s):  
Wei Li ◽  
Lei Su
Keyword(s):  
Protection Device ◽  
Test Technology ◽  
Function Test ◽  
Testing Technology ◽  
Equipment Testing ◽  
Deep Integration ◽  
New Generation ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Test Result ◽  
Smart Substation

The new-generation smart substation, which is included in the index of annually key construction project of The STATE GRID Corporation of China, featuring deep integration of primary and secondary equipment, although still in the pilot construction phase, symbolizes the future and trend of the development of smart substation.In this paper, a complete scheme of test technology and method on dynamic simulation, single device function test, abnormal SV test is presented based on the integration, on-site and substation-wide characteristics of the equipment and the unique feature of construction and commission phase of new-generation smart substation as well as the previous experience of test and operation on both smart and traditional substation.This paper concentrates on the examination method that tests the impact of abnormal SV to the protection device, enumerating all possible conditions of abnormal sampling data and corresponding test manner and methods. At last, a detailed test result on protection device from a new-generation substation that is in its final stage of commissioning is presented .

Hydraulic Method and a Device of Fish Protection at Water-Intake from the Mountain Rivers

2014 ◽  
Vol 641-642 ◽  
pp. 353-358 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikolai Vatin ◽  
Nikolai Lavrov ◽  
Nikolai Korzhavin
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Water Flow ◽  
Water Intake ◽  
Protection Device ◽  
Young Fish ◽  
Mountain Rivers ◽  
Hydraulic Method ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Geometrical Dimensions ◽  
Fish Protection

In given article the arrangement of fish protection on water intakes is observed. Fish protection device in the form of variable width visor, arranged on the crest of sediment protection threshold is offered. In the article the geometrical dimensions of the fish protection device are substantiated, the distribution of water flow along it is studied, the capacity and the impact of the device on specimens of young fish is determined. The experimental data and their analysis with the subsequent conclusions are given.

scholarly journals Investigating the effectiveness of a fish-protection structure of the reclamation water intake

2020 ◽  
Vol 210 ◽  
pp. 07008
Author(s):  
Svetlana Dragunova ◽  
Evgeny Kuznetsov ◽  
Anna Khadzhidi ◽  
Alexander Koltsov ◽  
Noureldin Sharaby
Keyword(s):  
Water Intake ◽  
Juvenile Fish ◽  
Swimming Ability ◽  
Protection Device ◽  
Laboratory Studies ◽  
Young Fish ◽  
Water Stream ◽  
Protection Effect ◽  
Fish Protection

The study was conducted at the reclamation water intake facility of Tikhovsky hydroelectric complex. We used data from long-term observations and results of laboratory studies on a 1:20 scale physical model of the Zapan fish protection device. The effectiveness of the model was evaluated using simulators of juvenile fish. Increasing the efficiency of the Zapan fish protection facility is achieved by additional placement in the bottom threshold, which directs the bottom flow along with the young fish to the springboard, where there is an airlift in the form of a bubble curtain that lifts the young along the springboard into the fish-receiving holes of permeable shields. Fish protection design and location in the middle of the water stream do not create a backwater due to low resistance and provide protection for young fish. This increases not only the survival rate of young fish, but also the efficiency of reclamation water intakes. A new design of a fish protection structure for reclamation water intakes of the Zapan type was developed, which provides a fish protection effect of 3 groups of young fish formed by their swimming ability, which allowed determining the size of the elements of the fish protection structure.

Finding the Right Problems: Some HREM Applications to Interfaces

1984 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. 376-379
Author(s):  
D. Cherns
Keyword(s):  
Grain Boundaries ◽  
High Resolution Electron Microscopy ◽  
Boundary Structure ◽  
Atomic Structures ◽  
Grain Boundary Structure ◽  
Resolution Electron ◽  
Point To Point ◽  
The Right ◽  
New Generation ◽  
Better Than

The use of high resolution electron microscopy (HREM) to determine the atomic structure of grain boundaries and interfaces is a topic of great current interest. Grain boundary structure has been considered for many years as central to an understanding of the mechanical and transport properties of materials. Some more recent attention has focussed on the atomic structures of metalsemiconductor interfaces which are believed to control electrical properties of contacts. The atomic structures of interfaces in semiconductor or metal multilayers is an area of growing interest for understanding the unusual electrical or mechanical properties which these new materials possess. However, although the point-to-point resolutions of currently available HREMs, ∼2-3Å, appear sufficient to solve many of these problems, few atomic models of grain boundaries and interfaces have been derived. Moreover, with a new generation of 300-400kV instruments promising resolutions in the 1.6-2.0 Å range, and resolutions better than 1.5Å expected from specialist instruments, it is an appropriate time to consider the usefulness of HREM for interface studies.

Total etch dentin bonding systems: scanning electron microscopy of the resin-dentin hybrid layer

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 1092-1093
Author(s):  
Jorge Perdigao
Keyword(s):  
Composite Resin ◽  
Mechanical Interlocking ◽  
Hybrid Layer ◽  
Agent Based ◽  
Dentin Bonding ◽  
Acid Agent ◽  
Bond Strengths ◽  
Main Component ◽  
Bonding Systems ◽  
New Generation

In 1955, Buonocore introduced the etching of enamel with phosphoric acid. Bonding to enamel was created by mechanical interlocking of resin tags with enamel prisms. Enamel is an inert tissue whose main component is hydroxyapatite (98% by weight). Conversely, dentin is a wet living tissue crossed by tubules containing cellular extensions of the dental pulp. Dentin consists of 18% of organic material, primarily collagen. Several generations of dentin bonding systems (DBS) have been studied in the last 20 years. The dentin bond strengths associated with these DBS have been constantly lower than the enamel bond strengths. Recently, a new generation of DBS has been described. They are applied in three steps: an acid agent on enamel and dentin (total etch technique), two mixed primers and a bonding agent based on a methacrylate resin. They are supposed to bond composite resin to wet dentin through dentin organic component, forming a peculiar blended structure that is part tooth and part resin: the hybrid layer.

Low-voltage, high-resolution scanning electron microscopy of polymers

1987 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 466-467 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. J. Krause ◽  
W.W. Adams ◽  
S. Kumar ◽  
T. Reilly ◽  
T. Suziki
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Low Voltage ◽  
Chromatic Aberration ◽  
Image Resolution ◽  
Resolution Limit ◽  
Crossover Point ◽  
New Generation ◽  
Beam Damage ◽  
Scanning Electron

Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of polymers at routine operating voltages of 15 to 25 keV can lead to beam damage and sample image distortion due to charging. Imaging polymer samples with low accelerating voltages (0.1 to 2.0 keV), at or near the “crossover point”, can reduce beam damage, eliminate charging, and improve contrast of surface detail. However, at low voltage, beam brightness is reduced and image resolution is degraded due to chromatic aberration. A new generation of instruments has improved brightness at low voltages, but a typical SEM with a tungsten hairpin filament will have a resolution limit of about 100nm at 1keV. Recently, a new field emission gun (FEG) SEM, the Hitachi S900, was introduced with a reported resolution of 0.8nm at 30keV and 5nm at 1keV. In this research we are reporting the results of imaging coated and uncoated polymer samples at accelerating voltages between 1keV and 30keV in a tungsten hairpin SEM and in the Hitachi S900 FEG SEM.

3-Dimensional immunolabeling and in situ hybridization detection using fluorescence photooxidation and intermediate-voltage Electron Microscopy

1994 ◽  
Vol 52 ◽  
pp. 164-165
Author(s):  
Thomas J. Deerinck ◽  
Maryann E. Martone ◽  
Varda Lev-Ram ◽  
David P. L. Green ◽  
Roger Y. Tsien ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Confocal Laser Scanning Microscope ◽  
Fluorescent Dye ◽  
Confocal Laser ◽  
3 Dimensional ◽  
Voltage Electron ◽  
Dimensional Distribution ◽  
Electron Microscopes ◽  
New Generation

The confocal laser scanning microscope has become a powerful tool in the study of the 3-dimensional distribution of proteins and specific nucleic acid sequences in cells and tissues. This is also proving to be true for a new generation of high contrast intermediate voltage electron microscopes (IVEM). Until recently, the number of labeling techniques that could be employed to allow examination of the same sample with both confocal and IVEM was rather limited. One method that can be used to take full advantage of these two technologies is fluorescence photooxidation. Specimens are labeled by a fluorescent dye and viewed with confocal microscopy followed by fluorescence photooxidation of diaminobenzidine (DAB). In this technique, a fluorescent dye is used to photooxidize DAB into an osmiophilic reaction product that can be subsequently visualized with the electron microscope. The precise reaction mechanism by which the photooxidation occurs is not known but evidence suggests that the radiationless transfer of energy from the excited-state dye molecule undergoing the phenomenon of intersystem crossing leads to the formation of reactive oxygen species such as singlet oxygen. It is this reactive oxygen that is likely crucial in the photooxidation of DAB.

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