scholarly journals Social Network Size and Cognitive Functioning in Middle-Aged Adults: Cross-Sectional and Longitudinal Associations

2016 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 77-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Eriksson Sörman ◽  
Michael Rönnlund ◽  
Anna Sundström ◽  
Margareta Norberg ◽  
Lars-Göran Nilsson
Keyword(s):  
Social Network ◽  
Cognitive Functioning ◽  
Network Size ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Social Network Size ◽  
Longitudinal Associations ◽  
Middle Aged Adults

The Experience of Mobile Entrapment in Daily Life

2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 148-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey Hall
Keyword(s):  
Social Network ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Text Message ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Network Size ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Social Network Size

Abstract. This multistudy investigation examines how entrapment, which is the guilt, anxiety, or stress to respond and be available to others via mobile devices, shapes and is shaped by patterns of mobile use. Using structural equation modeling on cross-sectional survey responses, Study 1 (N = 300) tested relationships among offline social network size, voice and text frequency, entrapment, and well-being. Offline social network size was associated with text message frequency, and both were indirectly associated with lower subjective well-being via entrapment. Study 2 used experience sampling to confirm associations among entrapment, texting, and well-being. Participants (N = 112) reported on face-to-face, phone, and text interactions five times a day for 5 consecutive days (n = 1,879). Multilevel modeling results indicated that beginning-of-week entrapment was associated with more interactions with acquaintances and strangers, and with reporting lower affective well-being and relatedness when interacting via text. Well-being reported during text interactions and number of interactions with acquaintances and strangers during the week both predicted changes in entrapment by the week’s end. Change in entrapment was associated with lower subjective well-being at the week’s end. Results suggest that entrapment is associated with using texting to maintain larger networks of social relationships, potentially stressing individuals’ capacity to maintain less close relationships via mobile communication.

scholarly journals Association between caring for grandchildren and feelings of loneliness, social isolation and social network size: a cross-sectional study of community dwelling adults in Germany

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. e029605 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eleanor Quirke ◽  
Hans-Helmut König ◽  
André Hajek
Keyword(s):  
Social Network ◽  
Social Isolation ◽  
Network Size ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Outcome Variable ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Social Network Size ◽  
Grandchild Care ◽  
Important People ◽  
Regular Contact

ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to examine whether there is an association between grandparental care and loneliness, social isolation and/or the size of an individual’s social network among community-based adults aged ≥40 years.MethodsCross-sectional data were drawn from a population-based sample of individuals aged ≥40 years living in the community in Germany. Loneliness was measured using a short version of the De Jong Gierveld Loneliness Scale. Social isolation was measured using a scale developed by Bude and Lantermann. The number of important people with whom respondents have regular contact (ie, social network size) was also used as an outcome variable. All respondents were asked whether they privately provide grandparent care (no/yes).ResultsLinear regressions showed reduced loneliness (β=−0.06, p<0.01) and social isolation scores (β=−0.04, p<0.05) among those undertaking care of a grandchild. Regression analysis also showed an increased number of important people with whom individuals had regular contact among those who undertook care of a grandchild (β=1.02, p<0.001).ConclusionFindings indicate a positive association between undertaking the care of a grandchild and the size of an individual’s social network, and a negative association between grandchild care and self-rated scores of loneliness and social isolation. These findings build on existing research into the social and health implications of grandchild care among grandparents. Longitudinal studies are required to strengthen the understanding of this association.

Depression and Cognitive Functioning as Predictors of Social Network Size

2013 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 147-161 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jamie N. Shouse ◽  
Sarah V. Rowe ◽  
Benjamin T. Mast
Keyword(s):  
Social Network ◽  
Cognitive Functioning ◽  
Network Size ◽  
Social Network Size

scholarly journals Contribution of Components of Metabolic Syndrome to Cognitive Performance in Middle-Aged Adults

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karamfil M Bahchevanov ◽  
Angel M Dzhambov ◽  
Kostadin A Chompalov ◽  
Radka I Massaldjieva ◽  
Penka A Atanassova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Cognitive Functioning ◽  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Longitudinal Research ◽  
Word List ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Neuropsychological Battery ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
University Degree ◽  
Middle Aged Adults

Abstract Introduction Metabolic syndrome (MetS) has been associated with impaired cognition in different cognitive domains. This study investigated the association between MetS and cognitive functioning in middle-aged Bulgarians across different definitions of MetS severity. Material and Methods Our cross-sectional sample included 112 participants (67 free of MetS and 45 with MetS) with a mean age of 50.04 ± 3.31 years. The following MetS variables were considered—presence of MetS, continuously measured MetS components, dichotomized MetS components, number of MetS components present, and Metabolic Syndrome Severity Score (MSSS). Participants’ cognitive performance was assessed using the Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer’s Disease Neuropsychological Battery (CERAD-NB). We employed multivariate regression models to investigate the associations between different measures of MetS severity and CERAD-NB total and subtest scores. Results Bivariate analyses showed that the CERAD-NB total score was significantly higher in women, participants with a university degree, those with normal blood pressure, normal waist circumference, and low triglyceride levels, compared with their counterparts. MetS participants had lower CERAD-NB total score (78.87 ± 6.89 vs. 84.97 ± 7.84) and specifically performed poorer on the subtest Word List Recall (7.16 ± 1.52 vs. 7.99 ± 1.52). These findings persisted after controlling for age, gender, and education. Next, generalized linear regression indicated that the CERAD-NB total score was lower in participants with MetS (β = −4.86; 95% confidence interval [CI]: −7.60, −2.11), those with more MetS components (β = −8.31; 95% CI: −14.13, −2.50 for fours vs. 0 components) and with an increase in MSSS (β = −3.19; 95% CI: −4.67, −1.71). Hypertension independently contributed to lower CERAD-NB total score (β = −4.00; 95% CI: −6.81, −1.19). Conclusions Across several definitions, MetS was associated with lower cognitive functioning, and MetS severity appeared to be a better predictor than most MetS components. Recognizing and reducing severity of MetS components might be helpful in supporting cognitive functioning. Further longitudinal research is needed to shed more light on the relationship between MetS and cognitive functioning across the life span.

scholarly journals The effect of social network on the physical activity—cognitive function nexus in late life

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (5) ◽  
pp. 713-722 ◽  
Author(s):  
Howard Litwin ◽  
Avital Shaul
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Social Network ◽  
Cognitive Functioning ◽  
Social Connectedness ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Network Size ◽  
Interaction Terms ◽  
Social Network Size

ABSTRACTBackground:To examine the contribution of vigorous physical activity to subsequent cognitive functioning, taking into account the effect of social network.Methods:The sample included respondents aged 65 years and older who participated in both the fourth and sixth waves of Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (n = 17,104). Cognitive functioning in Wave 6, measured as the average of standardized scores for recall, fluency, and numeracy, was regressed on the extent of vigorous physical activity, social network size, and several confounders in Wave 4 (including the corresponding cognition score at baseline). Interaction terms for physical activity and network size were also considered.Results:Moderate and high levels of vigorous physical activity, as well as social network size, were related to the cognition outcome after controlling for the confounders. Introduction of the interaction terms showed a direct and positive association of both moderate and high physical activity with the cognition outcome scores as social network size increased. However, among respondents in small- (0–1 members) and moderate-sized networks (2–3 members), greater physical activity was unrelated to the cognition score at follow-up. Only the interaction of high social connectedness (4–7 network members) and vigorous physical activity was significant.Conclusions:Vigorous physical activity is, indeed, related to subsequent cognitive functioning. However, the relationship is tempered by social network size. Therefore, interventions that increase both social connectedness and physical activity, especially among older people who are isolated and sedentary, are warranted.

scholarly journals Social relationships, living arrangements and loneliness

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Schmitz ◽  
S. Mauritz ◽  
M. Wagner
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Social Network ◽  
Living Arrangements ◽  
Oldest Old ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Network Size ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Social Network Size ◽  
The Social

Abstract Background Oldest-old people are expected to be particularly likely to experience loneliness due to the loss of their intimate partner or of same-aged social network members. It is assumed that individuals in different living arrangements maintain different kinds of social networks because they adjust their networks to their specific needs. However, not much is known about the variation in the social networks of the oldest-old depending on their living arrangements and how this variation is related to loneliness. This is the first study that seeks to fill this research gap by examining how the composition and the size of a social network varies among the oldest-old depending on their living arrangements with a partner (coresidential partnership, living apart together (LAT) partnership, no partnership), and how this variation contributes to explain loneliness among the oldest-old. Methods We used cross-sectional data from the representative survey NRW80+ (Quality of Life and Well-Being of the Very Old in North-Rhine Westphalia). The sample of analysis used in this study consists of 1860 respondents from the German state of North-Rhine Westphalia aged 80 years and older. Associations between social network characteristics and living arrangements were tested using χ2-tests and one-way ANOVA. Ordered logit models were used to explain loneliness. Results Respondents in a coresidential partnership maintained larger social networks than those in an LAT partnership and those with no intimate partner. Furthermore, the respondents with no partner maintained more diverse social networks. Compared to those in the other living arrangements, the respondents in an LAT partnership maintained the smallest and least diverse social networks. Being in a coresidential partnership and the social network size were found to be negatively associated with loneliness. Conclusion First, the results indicate that respondents who do not have a partner adjusted their social networks to meet their needs in the absence of this relationship. Second, we conclude that being in a coresidential partnership and having a large social network protects the oldest-old against loneliness.

scholarly journals Association of social network size and composition with physical activity in Korean middle-aged population

2020 ◽  
pp. e2020070
Author(s):  
Moon su Kwak ◽  
So Mi Jemma Cho ◽  
Jee-Seon Shim ◽  
Dae Jung Kim ◽  
Yoosik Youm ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Social Network ◽  
Network Size ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Aged Population ◽  
Social Network Size

Extraverts Have Larger Social Network Layers

2011 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 161-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas V. Pollet ◽  
Sam G. B. Roberts ◽  
Robin I. M. Dunbar
Keyword(s):  
Social Network ◽  
Social Relationships ◽  
Outer Layer ◽  
Network Size ◽  
Emotional Intensity ◽  
Emotional Closeness ◽  
Network Layer ◽  
Network Layers ◽  
Social Network Size

Previous studies showed that extraversion influences social network size. However, it is unclear how extraversion affects the size of different layers of the network, and how extraversion relates to the emotional intensity of social relationships. We examined the relationships between extraversion, network size, and emotional closeness for 117 individuals. The results demonstrated that extraverts had larger networks at every layer (support clique, sympathy group, outer layer). The results were robust and were not attributable to potential confounds such as sex, though they were modest in size (raw correlations between extraversion and size of network layer, .20 < r < .23). However, extraverts were not emotionally closer to individuals in their network, even after controlling for network size. These results highlight the importance of considering not just social network size in relation to personality, but also the quality of relationships with network members.

scholarly journals Factors associated with sarcopenia screened by finger-circle test among middle-aged and older adults: a population-based multisite cross-sectional survey in Japan

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daiki Watanabe ◽  
Tsukasa Yoshida ◽  
Takashi Nakagata ◽  
Naomi Sawada ◽  
Yosuke Yamada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Multiple Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Mail Surveys ◽  
Osaka Prefecture ◽  
Middle Aged Adults

AbstractBackgroundPrevious epidemiological studies have demonstrated the prevalence and relationship of various factors associated with sarcopenia in older adults; however, few have examined the status of sarcopenia in middle-aged adults. In this study, we aimed to, 1) evaluate the validity of the finger-circle test, which is potentially a useful screening tool for sarcopenia, and 2) determine the prevalence and factors associated with sarcopenia in middle-aged and older adults.MethodsWe conducted face-to-face surveys of 525 adults, who were aged 40–91 years and resided in Settsu City, Osaka Prefecture, Japan to evaluate the validity of finger-circle test. The finger-circle test evaluated calf circumference by referring to an illustration printed on the survey form. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curves (AUROC) was plotted to evaluate the validity of the finger-circle test for screening sarcopenia and compared to that evaluated by skeletal muscle mass index (SMI) measured using bioimpedance. We also conducted multisite population-based cross-sectional anonymous mail surveys of 9337 adults, who were aged 40–97 years and resided in Settsu and Hannan Cities, Osaka Prefecture, Japan. Participants were selected through stratified random sampling by sex and age in the elementary school zones of their respective cities. We performed multiple logistic regression analysis to explore associations between characteristics and prevalence of sarcopenia.ResultsSarcopenia, defined by SMI, was moderately predicted by a finger-circle test response showing that the subject’s calf was smaller than their finger-circle (AUROC: 0.729, < 65 years; 0.653, ≥65 years); such subjects were considered to have sarcopenia. In mail surveys, prevalence of sarcopenia screened by finger-circle test was higher in older subjects (approximately 16%) than in middle-aged subjects (approximately 8–9%). In a multiple regression model, the factors associated with sarcopenia were age, body mass index, smoking status, self-reported health, and number of meals in all the participants.ConclusionsSarcopenia, screened by the finger-circle test, was present not only among older adults but also among middle-aged adults. These results may provide useful indications for developing public health programs, not only for the prevention, but especially for the management of sarcopenia.Trial registrationUMIN000036880, registered prospectively May 29, 2019, https://upload.umin.ac.jp/cgi-open-bin/ctr_e/ctr_view.cgi?recptno=R000042027

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