scholarly journals Venture creation patterns in academic entrepreneurship: the role of founder motivations

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Hossinger ◽  
Jörn Block ◽  
Xiangyu Chen ◽  
Arndt Werner
Keyword(s):  
Academic Entrepreneurship ◽  
Venture Creation ◽  
University Administrators ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Academic Entrepreneurs ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Entrepreneurial Motivations ◽  
Operational Activities ◽  
Financial Income

AbstractThe path to academic entrepreneurship is characterized by a sequence of venture creation activities, which can be classified into operational-, financing- and commercialization activities. Academic entrepreneurship research is concerned with the question how different motives of scientists affect the patterns of these venture creation activities. Using a longitudinal two-period dataset of 165 academic entrepreneurs from 73 universities in Germany, we propose and test a multi-activity-based model that links different types of entrepreneurial motives to venture creation activities. The findings show that founder motives related to self-realization, necessity and an increased financial income increase the likelihood of completing venture creation activities, whereas work-life balance motivations and the drive to make better use of one’s professional knowledge decrease that likelihood. The desire to translate research ideas into practice has no effect. Our results further show that the positive effects of seeking self-realization and an increased financial income are more pronounced for completing commercialization activities than for operational activities. Our study contributes to research on academic entrepreneurship and entrepreneurial motivations and helps university administrators and policymakers to design their entrepreneurship support programs more effectively.

scholarly journals Suicide and the Role of Educational Institutions: A 30-Year Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janaina Minelli de Oliveira Ramos ◽  
Jorge-Manuel Dueñas ◽  
Fabia Morales-Vives ◽  
Elena Maria Gallardo-Nieto
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Suicide Prevention ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Adolescent And Young Adult ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Attitudes And Beliefs ◽  
Educational Stakeholders ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Different Types

Abstract Suicide is the second leading cause of death in the 15–29 age group worldwide, and is a severe public health problem worldwide. Adolescent and young adult individuals primarily attend educational institutions which can play an essential role in detecting and preventing suicide. For this reason, the purpose of this research is to examine the role that educational institutions play in suicide prevention. A systematic review was conducted to determine what educational institutions and agents are identified in the literature when addressing suicide. The systematic review yielded 58 articles published over the last 30 years. The results show that a wide variety of educational stakeholders are required to intervene for suicide prevention between primary education and college. Overall, educational suicide initiatives report positive effects on participants’ understanding, attitudes, and beliefs regarding suicide and suicide prevention, although some studies have expressed some caution. The different types of programs and recommendations are discussed.

Migration Out of Rural Areas and Implications for Rural Livelihoods

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 461-481
Author(s):  
Alan de Brauw
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Rural Livelihoods ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Statistical Identification ◽  
Migrant Remittances ◽  
Future Policy

Despite the fact that migration out of agriculture has always been a part of the economic development process, policy makers have long feared that migration from rural areas reduces agricultural production. This article reviews the growing microeconomic literature with more credible statistical identification that evaluates the effects of migration on agricultural production and other outcomes among rural households. By and large, migration does not negatively affect agricultural production, as households shift on one of several margins to reduce the lost labor impact. Through migrant remittances, migration can lead to one of several different types of investment. When investment occurs, the type of investment depends upon relative local returns to investments in agriculture, nonagriculture, or human capital. Some innovative recent work also documents the role of migration in catalyzing technical change. Future policy related to rural out-migration should focus on enhancing its positive effects and mitigating any negative ones.

scholarly journals Availability of health facilities and utilization of maternal and newborn postnatal care in rural Malawi

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eunsoo Timothy Kim ◽  
Kavita Singh ◽  
Ilene S. Speizer ◽  
Gustavo Angeles ◽  
William Weiss
Keyword(s):  
Health Center ◽  
Rural Women ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Gps Data ◽  
Place Of Delivery ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Household Cluster ◽  
Maternal And Newborn

Abstract Background This study explored the role of health facility availability as it relates to maternal and newborn PNC use in rural Malawi. Methods Malawi Demographic and Health Survey (MDHS) 2015–16 data, MDHS 2015–16 household cluster GPS data, Malawi Service Provision Assessment (MSPA) 2013–14 data and MSPA 2013–14 facility GPS data were used. Household clusters were spatially linked with facilities using buffers. Descriptive analyses were performed and generalized estimating equations (GEE) were used to determine the effects of having different types of facilities at varying distances from household clusters on receipt of maternal and newborn PNC in rural Malawi. Results In rural Malawi, around 96% of women had facilities providing PNC within 10 km of where they live. Among women who have clinic-level facilities within 5 km of where they live, around 25% had clinic-level facilities that provide PNC. For rural women who gave birth in the past 5 years preceding the survey, only about 3% received maternal PNC within 24 h and about 16% received maternal PNC within the first week. As for newborn PNC, 3% of newborns had PNC within 24 h and about 26% had newborn PNC within the first week. PNC mostly took place at facilities (94% for women and 95% for newborns). For women who delivered at home, having a health center providing PNC within 5 km was positively associated with maternal and newborn PNC. For women who delivered at facilities, having a health center providing PNC within 5 km was positively associated with maternal PNC and having a health center providing PNC between 5 km and 10 km was positively associated with both maternal and newborn PNC. Regardless of the place of delivery and distance band, having a clinic-level facility providing PNC did not have significant positive effects on maternal and newborn PNC. Conclusions Providers should be trained to perform quality PNC at all facilities. It would also be important to address concerns related to health workers. Lastly, it would be key to increase community awareness about the importance of seeking timely PNC and about the utility of lower-level facilities for receiving preventative PNC.

scholarly journals Stimulating Technology-Based Start-Ups: Entrepreneurship Initiatives by University

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (6) ◽  
pp. 12-16
Author(s):  
Noorlizawati Abd Rahim ◽  
Zainai B. Mohamed ◽  
Astuty Amrin
Keyword(s):  
Best Practices ◽  
Developing Country ◽  
Academic Entrepreneurship ◽  
Entrepreneurial Activity ◽  
Venture Creation ◽  
Business Incubation ◽  
Academic Entrepreneurs ◽  
Management Perspective ◽  
Start Ups

This paper aims to explore to what extent university’s role in providing supportive infrastructure contributes to venture creation. Specifically, best practices in stimulating technology-based start-ups have not been widely discussed in the context of developing country. Although the previous study has explored this from a management perspective, this paper provides further insights on how academic entrepreneurship or entrepreneurial activity in a university can be increased through various initiatives. Considering Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM) as a case study, findings identify that collaborative business incubation and entrepreneurship education for academic entrepreneurs as evidence of practices that stimulates commercialization of university-invented technologies as well as develops academic entrepreneurs amongst research scientists.

Evolution of Incubation Models

2004 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-31
Author(s):  
Alessandro Grandi ◽  
Rosa Grimaldi
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
New Venture ◽  
New Venture Creation ◽  
Venture Creation ◽  
Business Incubators ◽  
Business Innovation ◽  
Different Types

This paper addresses the role of incubators in supporting new venture creation. A mapping of four different types of incubator is proposed: corporate private incubators (CPIs), independent private incubators (IPIs), business innovation centres (BICs) and university business incubators (UBIs). This mapping is exemplified through case studies of one incubator for each of the four categories. The authors argue that one interpretative key to explain the dynamics of the incubation industry is the evolution of company requirements and consequently of the services offered by incubators. In this context, two different incubating models are described which provide incubators with useful indications as to how they should position themselves strategically.

Potential Uses of Vinegar as a Medicine and Related in vivo Mechanisms

2016 ◽  
Vol 86 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 127-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zeshan Ali ◽  
Zhenbin Wang ◽  
Rai Muhammad Amir ◽  
Shoaib Younas ◽  
Asif Wali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Structure ◽  
Review Paper ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Active Role ◽  
Current Review ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Positive Effect

While the use of vinegar to fi ght against infections and other crucial conditions dates back to Hippocrates, recent research has found that vinegar consumption has a positive effect on biomarkers for diabetes, cancer, and heart diseases. Different types of vinegar have been used in the world during different time periods. Vinegar is produced by a fermentation process. Foods with a high content of carbohydrates are a good source of vinegar. Review of the results of different studies performed on vinegar components reveals that the daily use of these components has a healthy impact on the physiological and chemical structure of the human body. During the era of Hippocrates, people used vinegar as a medicine to treat wounds, which means that vinegar is one of the ancient foods used as folk medicine. The purpose of the current review paper is to provide a detailed summary of the outcome of previous studies emphasizing the role of vinegar in treatment of different diseases both in acute and chronic conditions, its in vivo mechanism and the active role of different bacteria.

The Diagnosis of Lupus Anticoagulants by the Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time - The Central Role of Phosphatidyl Serine

1984 ◽  
Vol 52 (02) ◽  
pp. 172-175 ◽  
Author(s):  
P R Kelsey ◽  
K J Stevenson ◽  
L Poller
Keyword(s):  
Screening Method ◽  
Coagulation Factors ◽  
Phosphatidyl Serine ◽  
Test System ◽  
Specific Factor ◽  
Marginal Effect ◽  
Constant Composition ◽  
Lupus Anticoagulants ◽  
Different Types

SummaryLiposomes of pure phospholipids were used in a modified APTT test system and the role of phosphatidyl serine (PS) in determining the sensitivity of the test system to the presence of lupus anticoagulants was assessed. Six consecutive patients with lupus anticoagulants and seven haemophiliacs with anticoagulants directed at specific coagulation factors, were studied. Increasing the concentration of phospholipid in the test system markedly reduced the sensitivity to lupus anticoagulants but had marginal effect on the specific factor inhibitors. The same effect was achieved when the content of PS alone was increased in a vehicle liposome of constant composition.The results suggest that the lupus anticoagulants can best be detected by a screening method using an APTT test with a reagent of low PS content. The use of a reagent rich in PS will largely abolish the lupus anticoagulant’s effect on the APTT. An approach using the two different types of reagent may facilitate differentiation of lupus inhibitors from other types of anticoagulant.

On the Methodology of Cartel agreements analysis

2014 ◽  
pp. 53-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Andreyashchenko ◽  
A. Zazdravnykh
Keyword(s):  
Economic Models ◽  
Social Consequences ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Industrial Markets

This article is an attempt of summarizing key economic approaches to cartel agreements analysis, its stability, ways of estimating social consequences of cartel agreements. It is alleged that the traditional way of understanding the cartels’ role as completely negative is not accurate; this type of inter-corporate agreements may also bring positive effects on industrial markets. Typical limits of analytical apparatus, contradictions that appear while interpreting results of specific economic models are also represented in the article, as well as substantiation of a discrete role of pricing factor within the analysis of anti-competitive agreements.

The Role of Evaluative Tools in the Creation of the Memorial Media Portrait of Jacques Chirac (1932—2019)

2020 ◽  
pp. 97-110
Author(s):  
E. N. Mikhailova ◽  
V. A. Telegina
Keyword(s):  
Print Media ◽  
Political Elite ◽  
Systematic Analysis ◽  
Research Material ◽  
Political Orientations ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Media ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Entire Text

The article is devoted to the study of evaluative tools used in modern French media in order to form the media image of a representative of the political elite. The techniques used in the creation of a memorial media portrait of Jacques Chirac (1932—2019), President of France from 1995 to 2007 are considered. The research material was the most prestigious French print media of various political orientations, published in late September — early October 2019 in connection with the death of the ex-President of the French Republic. The relevance of the research topic is dictated by the close attention of modern linguistics to axiological phenomena, differently presented in different types of discursive practices. The novelty of the study is due to the appeal to the analysis of the complex of evaluation tools used in the French print media when characterizing the former leader of the state during the nation’s farewell period. The estimated potential of the title of the article and its influence on the formation of the estimated vector of the entire text of the publication are shown. A systematic analysis of the assessment expression means, reflected in the memorial media portrait of the politician, is given. The factors that influenced the peculiarities of their use in this type of media portrait are revealed.

Peranan Negara dalam Liberalisasi Ekonomi Vietnam: Analisis Terhadap Dasar Doi Moi 1986

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhamad Helmy Sabtu ◽  
◽  
Khairul Azman Mohamad Suhaimy ◽  
Nurul Aimi Razali
Keyword(s):  
Gender Equality ◽  
Foreign Investment ◽  
Economic Performance ◽  
Level Of Education ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Doi Moi ◽  
The People ◽  
Effective Policy ◽  
Economic Landscape

This article analyses the role of state in the policy of economic liberalisation in Vietnam. Doi Moi, which was launched in 1986, is a very influential and effective policy in changing the socio-economic landscape of the people in the country. The results of this study prove that there are positive effects on the increase of foreign investment inflows, the eradication of starvation and unruly poverty, the increase of level of education, the improvement of gender equality and women's rights as well as the sustainability of the environment after Doi Moi is implemented. Through Doi Moi, Vietnam is moving towards a developing country status with good economic performance both at the Southeast Asian and global.

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