The impact of irrigation water supply rate on agricultural drought disaster risk: a case about maize based on EPIC in Baicheng City, China

Abstract Agricultural drought has a tremendous impact on crop yields and economic development under the context of global climate change. As an essential component of water balance in irrigated areas, artificial irrigation, which is not widely incorporated into agricultural drought indices in previous studies. Therefore, an irrigation water deficit index (IWDI) based on the estimation of irrigation water demand and supply is proposed. The performance of the new index was compared with the Soil Moisture Anomaly Percentage Index (SMAPI) over the upstream of the Zi River basin (UZRB). The results indicated the IWDI is highly correlated with precipitation, runoff, and potential evapotranspiration, combined with a more comprehensive moisture condition than the previous agricultural drought index. Due to the consideration of crop growth process and farmland spatial distribution, the proposed index showed a significant advantage in stressing drought conditions of agricultural concentration area and eliminating the impact of invalid soil moisture drought of non-growing seasons. Furthermore, the drought condition identified by the new index presented a good agreement with the historical drought event that occurred in 2013.7–8, which accurately reproduced the soil moisture variation and vegetation growth dynamics.

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The study of agricultural drought disaster risk early warning system

Emerging Economies, Risk and Development, and Intelligent Technology ◽

10.1201/b18509-44 ◽

2015 ◽

pp. 315-320

Keyword(s):

Early Warning ◽

Early Warning System ◽

Warning System ◽

Disaster Risk ◽

Agricultural Drought ◽

Drought Disaster

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Efficacy of benzyladenine for compensating the reduction in soybean productivity under low water supply

Italian Journal of Agrometeorology ◽

10.36253/ijam-872 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 81-90

Author(s):

Hani Saber Saudy ◽

Ibrahim Mohamed El–Metwally ◽

Magdi Tawfik Abdelhamid

Keyword(s):

Water Supply ◽

Irrigation Water ◽

Field Trials ◽

Crop Evapotranspiration ◽

Irrigation Water Use Efficiency ◽

Irrigation Water Use ◽

Use Efficiency ◽

Net Assimilation ◽

The Impact ◽

Water Amount

Undoubtedly, drought is a negative consequence of climate change. Farmers have to deal with this issue and may be forced to irrigate their crops with less water than required, however reduction in productivity is anticipated. Thus, two–year field trials were conducted to assess the impact of irrigation regimes (60, 80 and 100% of crop evapotranspiration, denoted ET60, ET80, and ET100, respectively) and benzyladenine rates (0, 50, 100, 150 and 200 mg L−1, symbolized as BA0, BA50, BA100, BA150, BA200, respectively) on soybean. Findings clarified that the maximum increases in plant height and net assimilation rate were obtained with the interactions of ET100 or ET80 x BA200 or BA150 in both seasons. ET80 x BA200 (in both seasons) and ET100 x BA150 (in the first season) were as similar as ET100 x BA200 for enhancing pods number plant−1. Irrigation water use efficiency progressively increased with decreasing irrigation water amount and increasing benzyladenine rate. In conclusion, the reduction in seed yield due to lowering water supply up to 80% of crop evapotranspiration (with saving 20% of irrigation water) could be compensated using benzyladenine, 150 mg L−1, thus it should be involved in soybean irrigation programs.

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Dynamic Evaluation and Regionalization of Maize Drought Vulnerability in the Midwest of Jilin Province

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su11154234 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (15) ◽

pp. 4234 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Guo ◽

Wang ◽

Tong ◽

Liu ◽

Zhang

Keyword(s):

Main Tool ◽

Jilin Province ◽

Assessment Model ◽

Agricultural Drought ◽

Yield Reduction ◽

Drought Vulnerability ◽

Intergovernmental Panel ◽

Ipcc Report ◽

Drought Disaster ◽

The Impact

Drought vulnerability analysis of crops can build a bridge between hazard factors and disasters and become the main tool to mitigate the impact of drought. However, the resulting disagreement about the appropriate definition of vulnerability is a frequent cause for misunderstanding and a challenge for attempts to develop formal models of vulnerability. This paper presents a generally applicable conceptual framework of vulnerability that combines a nomenclature of vulnerable situations and a terminology of vulnerability based on the definition in the intergovernmental panel on climate change (IPCC) report. By selecting 10 indicators, the drought disaster vulnerability assessment model is established from four aspects. In order to verify our model, we present a case study of maize drought vulnerability in the Midwest of the Jilin Province. Our analysis reveals the relationship between each single factor evaluation indicator and drought vulnerability, as well as each indicator to every other indicator. The results show that the drought disturbing degree in different growth periods increases from the central part of the Jilin Province to the western part of the Jilin Province. The sensitivity degree showed an increasing trend from the southeast to the northwest. The places with the strongest self-recovery ability are mainly concentrated in Changchun, Siping, Baicheng, and the other area. The ability to adjust to drought in each growth period is weak and crop yield reduction caused by drought is easy to create. Environmental adaptability is closely related to the social and economic situation every year, so it changes greatly and is flexible. Areas with strong drought vulnerability are mainly concentrated in Baicheng, Tongyu, and Qianguo. The research results can provide a certain basis for risk assessment, early warning, and disaster prevention and mitigation of agricultural drought disaster in the research area.

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Characterizing droughts under current and future climates in the Jordan River region

Hydrology and Earth System Sciences Discussions ◽

10.5194/hessd-10-5875-2013 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 10 (5) ◽

pp. 5875-5902 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

T. Törnros ◽

L. Menzel

Keyword(s):

Irrigation Water ◽

Vegetation Index ◽

Agricultural Sector ◽

Standardized Precipitation Index ◽

Agricultural Drought ◽

Climate Projections ◽

Monthly Precipitation ◽

Jordan River ◽

River Region ◽

The Impact

Abstract. The Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) was applied in order to address the characteristics of current and future agricultural droughts in the Jordan River region located in the southeastern Mediterranean area. In the first step, the SPI was applied on spatially interpolated monthly precipitation data at multiple timescales, i.e. accumulated precipitation was considered over a number of timescales, for example: 1, 3, and 6 months. To investigate the performance of the drought index, correlation analyses were conducted with the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) obtained from remote sensing. The results show that the 6 month SPI best explains the inter-annual variation of the NDVI. Hence, a timescale of 6 months is the most appropriate when addressing agricultural drought in the semi-arid region. In the second step, the 6 month SPI was applied to three climate projections based on the IPCC emission scenario A1B. When comparing the period 2031–2060 with 1961–1990, it is shown that the mean drought duration is projected to increase. Furthermore, the droughts are expected to become more severe because the frequency of severe and extreme droughts is projected to increase and the frequency of moderate drought is projected to decrease. To address the impact of drought on the agricultural sector, the irrigation water demand during drought was simulated with a hydrological model on a spatial resolution of 1 km. A large increase in the demand for irrigation water was simulated, showing that the agricultural sector is expected to become even more vulnerable to drought in the future.

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Social Networks, Trust, and Disaster-Risk Perceptions of Rural Residents in a Multi-Disaster Environment: Evidence from Sichuan, China

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18042106 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (4) ◽

pp. 2106 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Kaijing Xue ◽

Shili Guo ◽

Yi Liu ◽

Shaoquan Liu ◽

Dingde Xu

Keyword(s):

Social Networks ◽

Risk Perception ◽

Self Efficacy ◽

Risk Perceptions ◽

Ordinary Least Squares ◽

Disaster Risk ◽

Mountainous Areas ◽

Rural Residents ◽

Response Efficacy ◽

The Impact

Individual perception of disaster risk is not only the product of individual factors, but also the product of social interactions. However, few studies have empirically explored the correlations between rural residents’ flat social networks, trust in pyramidal channels, and disaster-risk perceptions. Taking Sichuan Province—a typical disaster-prone province in China—as an example and using data from 327 rural households in mountainous areas threatened by multiple disasters, this paper measured the level of participants’ disaster-risk perception in the four dimensions of possibility, threat, self-efficacy, and response efficacy. Then, the ordinary least squares method was applied to probe the correlations between social networks, trust, and residents’ disaster-risk perception. The results revealed four main findings. (1) Compared with scores relating to comprehensive disaster-risk perception, participants had lower perception scores relating to possibility and threat, and higher perception scores relating to self-efficacy and response efficacy. (2) The carrier characteristics of their social networks significantly affected rural residents’ perceived levels of disaster risk, while the background characteristics did not. (3) Different dimensions of trust had distinct effects on rural residents’ disaster-risk perceptions. (4) Compared with social network variables, trust was more closely related to the perceived level of disaster risks, which was especially reflected in the impact on self-efficacy, response efficacy, and comprehensive perception. The findings of this study deepen understanding of the relationship between social networks, trust, and disaster-risk perceptions of rural residents in mountainous areas threatened by multiple disasters, providing enlightenment for building resilient disaster-prevention systems in the community.

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Afforestation of Degraded Croplands as a Water-Saving Option in Irrigated Region of the Aral Sea Basin

Water ◽

10.3390/w13101433 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (10) ◽

pp. 1433

Author(s):

Navneet Kumar ◽

Asia Khamzina ◽

Patrick Knöfel ◽

John P. A. Lamers ◽

Bernhard Tischbein

Keyword(s):

Land Use ◽

Water Balance ◽

Water Supply ◽

Water Availability ◽

Irrigation Water ◽

Water Saving ◽

Aral Sea ◽

Water Balance Components ◽

Study Region ◽

Trade Offs

Climate change is likely to decrease surface water availability in Central Asia, thereby necessitating land use adaptations in irrigated regions. The introduction of trees to marginally productive croplands with shallow groundwater was suggested for irrigation water-saving and improving the land’s productivity. Considering the possible trade-offs with water availability in large-scale afforestation, our study predicted the impacts on water balance components in the lower reaches of the Amudarya River to facilitate afforestation planning using the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT). The land-use scenarios used for modeling analysis considered the afforestation of 62% and 100% of marginally productive croplands under average and low irrigation water supply identified from historical land-use maps. The results indicate a dramatic decrease in the examined water balance components in all afforestation scenarios based largely on the reduced irrigation demand of trees compared to the main crops. Specifically, replacing current crops (mostly cotton) with trees on all marginal land (approximately 663 km2) in the study region with an average water availability would save 1037 mln m3 of gross irrigation input within the study region and lower the annual drainage discharge by 504 mln m3. These effects have a considerable potential to support irrigation water management and enhance drainage functions in adapting to future water supply limitations.

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