Regulation of energy intake and mechanisms of metabolic adaptation or maladaptation after caloric restriction

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 399-409
Author(s):  
Roberto Vettor ◽  
Angelo Di Vincenzo ◽  
Pietro Maffei ◽  
Marco Rossato
Keyword(s):  
Caloric Restriction ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Metabolic Adaptation

scholarly journals Metabolic adaptation to caloric restriction and subsequent refeeding: the Minnesota Starvation Experiment revisited

2015 ◽  
Vol 102 (4) ◽  
pp. 807-819 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manfred James Müller ◽  
Janna Enderle ◽  
Maryam Pourhassan ◽  
Wiebke Braun ◽  
Benjamin Eggeling ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Caloric Restriction ◽  
Metabolic Adaptation ◽  
Starvation Experiment

scholarly journals Hepatic thyroid signaling of heat-stressed late pregnant and early lactating cows

2017 ◽  
Vol 234 (2) ◽  
pp. 129-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joachim M Weitzel ◽  
Torsten Viergutz ◽  
Dirk Albrecht ◽  
Rupert Bruckmaier ◽  
Marion Schmicke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Plasma Cholesterol ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Late Gestation ◽  
Metabolic Adaptation ◽  
Marker Genes ◽  
Early Lactation ◽  
Proteomics Data

During the transition between late gestation and early lactation, dairy cows experience severe metabolic stress due to the high energy and nutrient requirements of the fetus and the mammary gland. Additional thermal stress that occurs with rising temperatures during the ongoing climate change has further adverse implications on energy intake, metabolism and welfare. The thyroid hormone (TH)-mediated cellular signaling has a pivotal role in regulation of body temperature, energy intake and metabolic adaptation to heat. To distinguish between energy intake and heat stress-related effects, Holstein cows were first kept at thermoneutrality at 15°C followed by exposure to heat stress (HS) at 28°C or pair-feeding (PF) at 15°C for 6 days, in late pregnancy and again in early lactation. Herein, we focused on hepatic metabolic changes associated with alterations in the hypothalamic–pituitary–thyroid axis in HS and PF animals. T3 and T4 levels dropped with HS or PF; however, in HS animals, this decline was more pronounced. Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels remain unaffected, while plasma cholesterol concentrations were lower in HS than PF animals. Hepatic marker genes for TH action (THRA, DIO1 and PPARGC1) decreased after HS and were lower compared to PF cows but only post-partum. Proteomics data revealed reduced hepatic amino acid catabolism ante-partum and a shift toward activated beta-oxidation and gluconeogenesis but declined oxidative stress defense post-partum. Thus, liver metabolism of HS and PF cows adapts differently to diminished energy intake both ante-partum and post-partum, and a different TH sensitivity is involved in the regulation of catabolic processes.

P-103: Metabolic adaptation to a low energy intake in Psammomys (sand rat)

2009 ◽  
Vol 104 (S 02) ◽  
pp. 164-164
Author(s):  
Katherine Zakrzewska ◽  
Isabelle Cusin ◽  
Françoise Rohner-Jeanrenaud ◽  
Eleazar Shafrir ◽  
Bernard Jeanrenaud
Keyword(s):  
Energy Intake ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Metabolic Adaptation ◽  
Sand Rat

scholarly journals Predicting metabolic adaptation, body weight change, and energy intake in humans

2010 ◽  
Vol 298 (3) ◽  
pp. E449-E466 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin D. Hall
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Weight Change ◽  
Initial Conditions ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Metabolic Adaptation ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Body Weight Change ◽  
Fuel Selection

Complex interactions between carbohydrate, fat, and protein metabolism underlie the body's remarkable ability to adapt to a variety of diets. But any imbalances between the intake and utilization rates of these macronutrients will result in changes in body weight and composition. Here, I present the first computational model that simulates how diet perturbations result in adaptations of fuel selection and energy expenditure that predict body weight and composition changes in both obese and nonobese men and women. No model parameters were adjusted to fit these data other than the initial conditions for each subject group (e.g., initial body weight and body fat mass). The model provides the first realistic simulations of how diet perturbations result in adaptations of whole body energy expenditure, fuel selection, and various metabolic fluxes that ultimately give rise to body weight change. The validated model was used to estimate free-living energy intake during a long-term weight loss intervention, a variable that has never previously been measured accurately.

scholarly journals Seasonal weight loss and metabolic adaptation in rural Beninese women: the relationship with body mass index

1993 ◽  
Vol 70 (3) ◽  
pp. 689-700 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Werner Schultink ◽  
Joop M. A. Van Raaij ◽  
Joseph G. A. J. Hautvast
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Rural Communities ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Large Body ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Metabolic Adaptation ◽  
Weight Losses

A large variation in seasonal weight loss between individuals exists in rural communities in developing countries. Therefore, it was investigated whether some individuals show a metabolic adaptation and, through that, prevent large body-weight losses during the preharvest season. Basal metabolic rate (BMR), energy intake and physical activity level (PAL) of rural Beninese women were measured in three seasons. Groups of subjects were: women with a body mass index (BMI) < 18 (n 18), and a BMI > 23 (n 16), and women who had shown small (n 18) and large (n 15) preharvest weight loss. All groups of subjects decreased energy intake during the preharvest season by 0·66–1·09 MJ/d. PAL did not show significant seasonal changes in any of the four groups. Only subjects with a BMI < 18 decreased BMR during the preharvest season with 2·9 (SD 6·7) J/kg per min (P < 0·05), with a decrease of 0·8 (SD 1·4) kg (P < 0·05) in body weight. In very thin women with a BMI < 17 (n 5) BMR expressed per unit body weight decreased even more during the preharvest season (by 12 %).

scholarly journals The Influence of Dietary Interventions on Chronic Kidney Disease–Mineral and Bone Disorder (CKD-MBD)

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 2065
Author(s):  
Jacek Rysz ◽  
Beata Franczyk ◽  
Robert Rokicki ◽  
Anna Gluba-Brzózka
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Energy Requirement ◽  
Fragility Fractures ◽  
Metabolic Adaptation ◽  
Protein Energy Wasting ◽  
Mineral And Bone Disorder ◽  
Protein Energy ◽  
Increased Risk

Chronic kidney disease is a health problem whose prevalence is increasing worldwide. The kidney plays an important role in the metabolism of minerals and bone health and therefore, even at the early stages of CKD, disturbances in bone metabolism are observed. In the course of CKD, various bone turnover or mineralization disturbances can develop including adynamic hyperparathyroid, mixed renal bone disease, osteomalacia. The increased risk of fragility fractures is present at any age in these patients. Nutritional treatment of patients with advanced stages of CKD is aiming at prevention or correction of signs, symptoms of renal failure, avoidance of protein-energy wasting (PEW), delaying or prevention of the occurrence of mineral/bone disturbances, and delaying the start of dialysis. The results of studies suggest that progressive protein restriction is beneficial with the progression of renal insufficiency; however, other aspects of dietary management of CKD patients, including changes in sodium, phosphorus, and energy intake, as well as the source of protein and lipids (animal or plant origin) should also be considered carefully. Energy intake must cover patients’ energy requirement, in order to enable correct metabolic adaptation in the course of protein-restricted regimens and prevent negative nitrogen balance and protein-energy wasting.

Response of skeletal muscle UCP2-expression during metabolic adaptation to caloric restriction

2018 ◽  
Vol 42 (5) ◽  
pp. 974-984 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sascha Heinitz ◽  
Paolo Piaggi ◽  
Shanshan Yang ◽  
Susan Bonfiglio ◽  
Jason Steel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Caloric Restriction ◽  
Metabolic Adaptation ◽  
Ucp2 Expression

scholarly journals Status gizi, asupan energi, dan serat sebagai faktor risiko kardiometabolik pada remaja pendek

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 14
Author(s):  
Siti Nur Fatimah ◽  
Ambrosius Purba ◽  
Kusnandi Rusmil ◽  
Gaga Irawan Nugraha
Keyword(s):  
Energy Intake ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Nutrition Status ◽  
Metabolic Adaptation ◽  
P Value ◽  
Growth Chart ◽  
Fiber Intake ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cardiometabolic Diseases ◽  
Cross Sectional Design

Background: Prevalence of stunted adolescents is important because related with the cardiometabolic risk factor. Control of risk factors reduces the comorbidity including body mass index (BMI) control. Improvement of environmental factors such as energy and fiber intake contribute to reducing disease risk. Objective: This study aimed to analyze the relationship of a stunted adolescent with BMI, energy and fiber intake. Method: This study used cross-sectional design. The subject consisted of early adolescents with 10 to 14 years old in Jatinangor district, West Java. Determination of short stature and BMI refers to the WHO Growth Chart 2005. Data collection by the measure of height, weight, BMI calculation, and interviewed food intake by 3x24 hour food recall and analyzed with Nutrisurvey program. Statistical analysis by Mann-Whitney U test. Results: A total of 212 participants (106 stunted and 106 non-stunted) were enrolled. The proportion of stunted girls is 58 (54,9%) and stunted boys 48 (45,1%). Average of BMI in stunted is 17,15 (2,59) kg/m2 and 18,38 (3,33) kg/m2 in non-stunted, energy intake is 1.488,83 (513,52)kcal in stunted and 1.704,32 (663,49) in non-stunted,  fiber intake is 4,36 (1,18) g in stunted and  4,53 (2,15) g in non stunted. There are significant differences in all variables between stunted and non-stunted with a p value for BMI 0,017, in energy intake 0,034 and fiber intake 0,032. BMI showed the correlation with disease risk. including cardiometabolic diseases in stunting. Energy intake and low fiber in growth age increase the risk of cardiometabolic diseases because in stunting have a low metabolic adaptation in protein synthesis and fat oxidation. Conclusion: The study shows there is a difference between BMI, energy intake and fiber in the stunted adolescent and non-stunted adolescent. Further research needs to analyze another risk fctor and intervention to improve nutrition status and metabolic condition.

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