scholarly journals The Effects of Group differentiation by students’ learning strategies

Author(s):  
Carla Haelermans

AbstractThis study analyses the effects of group differentiation by students’ learning strategies of around 1200 students in 46 classes from eight secondary schools in the Netherlands. In an experimental setup with randomization at the class level, division of students over three groups per class (an instruction-independent group, an average group, and an instruction-dependent group) is based on learning strategies, measures using the Motivated Strategies for Learning Questionnaire (MSLQ). Each group is offered instruction fitting their own learning strategy. The results show that student performance is higher in classes where the differentiation was applied, and that these students score higher at some scales of the posttest of the questionnaire on motivation, metacognition and self-regulation. However, there are differences between classrooms from different teachers. Additional teacher questionnaires confirm the discrepancy in teacher attitudes towards the intervention.

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 3830 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayla Keçeci

Background: Self-regulation related to cognition and behaviour is an important factor in learning and academic achievement. Self-regulated learning is defined as the process of learning in which students activate and develop their own cognition, motivation and behaviour through self-regulatory processes.Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the self-regulation skills of nursing students on a health education course in a state university in Turkey.Methods: The study sample consisted of 110 students who attended the class on the day of the survey and agreed to participate in the study. Data were collected with the Turkish version of the ‘Motivated Strategies for Learning Questionnaire’, which was adapted by Büyüköztürk et al. (2004). Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics such as frequency, percentage and mean, as well as the Mann–Whitney U test, t-test and analysis of variance (ANOVA).Results: The results showed that the participants were motivated by external factors, using the elaboration strategy more frequently than other learning strategies. Second- and third-year students had various motivational levels and preferred different types of learning strategies, and those students who had more positive perceptions of the school, the course and the instructor evinced higher levels of internal responsibility and benefited from learning strategies more frequently.Conclusion: Nursing students were found to be predominantly motivated by extrinsic factors and preferred the elaboration learning strategy.


Author(s):  
Iryna Kaminska

In the article, theoretical-and methodological approaches of modern scholars to the issue of implementing learning strategies into the process of teaching foreign languages are ascertained. The development of strategies and the strategy repertoire along with factors that influence the choice of strategies and their transfer to different learning contexts is considered. Strategy instruction and its impact on language learners are observed. The variety and diversity of factors affecting the choice and the use of learning strategies, namely, motivation, learner autonomy, self-regulation, prior learning experience and students’ beliefs, which determine individual choice of language learning strategies by students of higher education establishments are analyzed. The transfer of general learning strategies to new learning contexts, notably to learning foreign languages, and the predictive value they have in language achievement is defined. The value and importance of learning strategies and the relationship between success, achievement and performance and examined. The teaching of the wide scope of strategies to language students to help them become more efficient, effective and productive is addressed. Possible differences in learning strategy types and frequency of strategy use in low and high strategy users as well as high and low achievers of foreign language learners are identified. Research needs to be conducted to find more efficient ways of training learners to use language learning strategies effectively. The length, the amount and the type of strategy instruction that has more impact on the students’ adoption of learning of strategies should be scrutinized. The type of strategies that learners are more susceptible to accept and adopt not only in the short term but also in the long term should be analyzed. No study has been conducted in the general set of strategies which beginner learners of English transfer from their general repertoire of strategies to language learning as the primary tools to face language learning and the extent to which these strategies will help them in attaining success in language learning.


2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 607-611 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carol Griffiths

Abstract When it was suggested that the concept of self-regulation should replace the language learning strategy concept early in the new millennium, there were fears that strategy research had come to an end. Nevertheless, research, debate, and publication on the subject have continued. Although some issues remain (especially regarding definition, underpinning theory, classification, and research methodology), current opinion tends to suggest that language learning strategies remain vibrant and compatible with self-regulation. This article discusses the controversies and concludes by arguing for the need to acknowledge diversity and to engage in productive debate.


2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eyvind Elstad ◽  
Are Turmo

The Norwegian school reform “Knowledge Promotion”, implemented from 2006 onwards, focuses on the schools’ responsibilities for fostering student learning strategies. This article reports from an empirical study of high school students’ motivation, learning strategy use and self-regulation in science. An extensive questionnaire was administered to 532 students in five high schools in Oslo. The students (16-17 year olds) attended the first year of the 3-year academic specialization program, where they take a compulsory general science course. The questionnaire also asked the students about their science teacher’s behaviors and about student-teacher interactions. The relationships between teacher behaviors and students’ attitudes and habits are studied in the article. The results show several distinct gender differences. For example, the girls report using memorization strategies more than the boys do in science, while boys emphasize elaboration strategies and critical thinking more.


2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Melissa Aberle-Grasse

English language educators faced challenges unique to their discipline as well as difficulties shared with all teachers as they suddenly adjusted to 100% online learning environments in 2020. Language learning strategies (LLS), which are proven strategies for improving language learning as well as building self-efficacy and peer support (MacArthur et al., 2015; Rose et al., 2018), are presented here as tools to navigate this new challenge. The article opens with a brief review of several acute current needs of online learners that critical pedagogy and learning strategies may address. Next, the author provides concise definitions for language learning strategies and summarizes the historical and theoretical basis for LLS. A classroom-based case study of language learning strategy instruction (LLSI) then follows. Finally, online tools and methods for two key strategies, goal-setting and peer review, are provided with recommendations for applying these strategies in a variety of settings. Keywords: language learning strategies, critical pedagogy, self-regulation, peer review, goal-setting


2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gert Vanthournout ◽  
David Gijbels ◽  
Liesje Coertjens ◽  
Vincent Donche ◽  
Peter Van Petegem

The present study explores whether students' learning strategies and academic motivation predict persistence and academic success in the first year of higher education. Freshmen students in a professional bachelor program in teacher education were questioned on their learning strategy use and motivation at the start and at the end of the academic year. Students' learning strategies were assessed using the inventory of learning styles-SV. Motivation was measured using scales from the self-regulation questionnaire and the academic motivation scale. Gender and students' prior education were incorporated as control variables. Logistic regression analyses and general linear modelling were applied to predict persistence and academic success, respectively. In each case a stepwise approach in data analysis was used. Results on persistence indicate that lack of regulation and amotivation at the start of the year are significant predictors. For academic success, results showed that relating and structuring, lack of regulation, and lack of motivation at the end of the year are meaningful predictors. Overall, our study demonstrates that learning strategies and motivation have a moderate explanatory value regarding academic success and persistence, and that these effects remain even after controlling for the influence of background variables.


2007 ◽  
Vol 215 (3) ◽  
pp. 174-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Detlev Leutner ◽  
Claudia Leopold ◽  
Viola den Elzen-Rump

Abstract. Forty-five university students participated in a computer-based training program on self-regulated learning from expository text. The training program introduced students to a learning strategy helping them identify and highlight important text information. Students were randomly assigned to three treatment groups: (1) no training at all, (2) training in highlighting only, or (3) combined training in both highlighting and self-regulation. After completing the training, students were instructed to read an instructional text and apply the trained strategies. The extent to which they applied the strategies while reading the text was assessed, and the amount of knowledge and comprehension they had acquired and recalled from the text was measured. Results show that students in the combined training condition outperformed their counterparts in the learning strategy training condition, who in turn outperformed those with no training at all. The results are in line with recent self-regulated learning theories, which state that, in addition to teaching students specific cognitive learning strategies, it is worth training them to monitor and regulate their strategy use.


2013 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 391-408 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katharina Maag Merki ◽  
Erich Ramseier ◽  
Yves Karlen

This study presents a newly developed test to assess students’ knowledge of learning strategies that they use when completing complex assignments at the upper secondary baccalaureate school (Gymnasium) level. The sample included N = 2,300 students at 23 baccalaureate schools in Switzerland and also a small sample of university students (N = 58). We tested hypotheses regarding cognitive, metacognitive, and motivational dimensions of learning. In addition, students’ self-reported grades in German were used as an achievement criterion. The analyses included estimation of Cronbach’s alpha and distribution of the test scores on the individual and class level. Furthermore, structural equation modeling was carried out. The findings support the reliability and validity of the new test. We found significant differences in terms of gender and school attendance. Learning strategy knowledge showed a positive relationship with student achievement, students’ learning motivation, and students’self-reported use of habitual learning strategies.


Author(s):  
Мария Андреевна Кислякова

Введение. Методика обучения математике имеет многовековую историю, в которой отражаются все успехи педагогов по созданию системы математического образования как в России, так и в мире. Несмотря на то, что эта система, функционируя длительное время, давала выдающиеся результаты, к настоящему времени математические дисциплины являются самыми трудными предметами для учащихся как в школе, так и в вузе. Это приводит к тому, что появляются крайние точки зрения, призывающие исключить учебный предмет «Математика» из школьного и вузовского курсов из-за его трудности и низкой успеваемости учащихся. Решением этой проблемы в современном мире может стать привлечение психолого-ориентированных концепций обучения, одной из которых является теория рефлексивного обучения. Представлен один из аспектов применения этой теории к практике математического образования, а именно рефлексивное обучение решению математических задач. Цель – разработать методику обучения «обобщенному алгоритму» решения математических задач на основе стимулирования рефлексивных механизмов деятельности. Материал и методы. Материалом исследования послужили работы отечественных и зарубежных авторов, посвященные проблемам методики обучения решению задач и психологии рефлексивного обучения. Их представления позволили применить теорию рефлексивного обучения к обучению учащихся сознательному регулированию собственной математической деятельности. Рефлексивные умения являются основой способности к интеллектуальной саморегуляции и, следовательно, условием продуктивной интеллектуальной математической деятельности. Результаты и обсуждение. Возможности стимулирования познавательной активности учащихся на основе рефлексии своих мыслительных процессов видится авторами как один из путей решения психологических и методических трудностей в обучении решению математических задач. Методика обучения решению задач включает обучение учащихся сознательному выполнению четырех основных этапов. Формирование умения анализировать условие задачи, поиск решения задачи, правильное оформление идеи решения задачи и проверка правильности осуществленного решения выполняются с опорой на ментальный опыт учащегося с применением рефлексивных стратегий обучения. Заключение. В результате рефлексивного обучения решению математических задач у учащихся сформируется «обобщенное умение» решать математические задачи. Introduction. The method of teaching mathematics has a long history, which reflects all the success of teachers in creating a system of mathematical education both in Russia and in the world. Despite the fact that this system has been functioning for a long time and has produced outstanding results, mathematical subjects are currently the most difficult subjects for students both at school and at University. This leads to the fact that there are extreme points of view calling for the exclusion of the subject «Mathematics» from school and University courses due to its difficulty and low student performance. The solution to this problem in the modern world can be the use of psychologically-oriented learning concepts, one of which is the theory of reflexive learning. This article presents one of the aspects of applying this theory to the practice of mathematical education, namely reflexive learning to solve mathematical problems. The purpose of the article is to develop a methodology for teaching a «generalized algorithm» for solving mathematical problems based on stimulating reflexive mechanisms of activity. Materials and methods. The research material is the work of domestic and foreign authors devoted to the problems of teaching methods for solving problems and the psychology of reflexive learning. Their ideas allowed us to apply the theory of reflexive learning to teaching students to consciously regulate their own mathematical activities. Reflexive skills are the basis of the ability to intellectual self-regulation, and, consequently, a condition for productive intellectual mathematical activity. Results and discussion. The authors see the possibility of stimulating students’ cognitive activity based on reflection of their thought processes as one of the ways to solve psychological and methodological difficulties in learning to solve mathematical problems. The method of teaching problem solving involves teaching students to consciously perform four main stages. Formation of skills to analyze the problem, the solution to this problem, proper design of the idea of solving the problem and verifying the implemented solution is based on the mental experience of the student with the use of reflective learning strategies. Conclusion. As a result of reflexive learning to solve mathematical problems, students will develop a «generalized ability» to solve mathematical problems.


2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jerry Chih-Yuan Sun ◽  
Helena Seli ◽  
Brandon Martinez ◽  
Yu-Yan Lin

Plenty-of-Time Teaching (PoTT) is a teaching strategy adopted by teachers to better understand students' learning status through pre-class activities in order to facilitate adjustments to teaching methods. Extending the concept of PoTT, the goal of this study is to explore the impact of Plenty-of-Time Learning (PoTL) on students' self-regulation, test anxiety, cognitive engagement, and learning performance. Participants were 167 students enrolled in an introductory educational psychology class in which the instructor used either PoTL or Just-in-Time Learning (JiTL) strategy. Students who adopted the PoTL strategy engaged in BlackBoard polling question-and-answer activities that helped teachers understand the overall learning status of the students. The study results indicated that the PoTL strategy enhanced student performance. We recommend that when using PoTL in the future, teachers can open up an online discussion platform to help students not only better understand their own learning situation but also improve their learning strategies.


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