scholarly journals Exhibiting Inclusion: An Examination of Race, Ethnicity, and Museum Participation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra Olivares ◽  
Jaclyn Piatak
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Ethnic Diversity ◽  
Race And Ethnicity ◽  
General Social Survey ◽  
Art Museum ◽  
Art Museums ◽  
Social Survey ◽  
Museum Visitors ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Race Ethnicity

AbstractMuseum visitors are not reflective of the diversity present in communities around the nation. In this study, we investigate the racial and ethnic diversity of art museum participants as well as the potential motivations and barriers to visiting a museum. Using the General Social Survey, we examine race and ethnicity and arts participation in the USA. We find Black individuals are less likely to attend an art museum than white individuals. Certain motivations and barriers to participating may explain part of the lack of diversity. We find Black and Latinx individuals are motivated to participate in art museums for cultural heritage reasons more than white individuals, but race and ethnicity are unrelated to perceiving admission fees as a barrier. This research highlights the urgency in the field to make museums more inclusive.

scholarly journals Integration of Handheld Guides in Museums: The Case of Lithuania’s Art Museums

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-82
Author(s):  
Milda Rutkauskaitė
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Observational Data ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Art Museum ◽  
Art Museums ◽  
Integration Process ◽  
Museum Visitors ◽  
Works Of Art ◽  
Successful Integration

Summary The most common technological device found in organisations of cultural heritage is a handheld guide. This device can simultaneously perform several functions, and its integration in permanent expositions has significance both for the operation of organisations of cultural heritage and experience of visitors when they visit a museum or a gallery. It should be noted that art museums and galleries encounter a task to present often static and difficult to understand at first sight works of art in an interesting fashion. Therefore, in this study, the main functions of a handheld guide as a technological device as well as its benefits, problems, and application in art museums are analysed. In the first part of the study, various functions of handheld guides, their importance, the meaning produced for the organisation of cultural heritage, and experience of a visitor are analysed based on scientific literature. Problems of integration of handheld guides and strategic steps that should be taken to ensure a successful integration process are reviewed. In the second part, four cases of Lithuanian art museums are presented. All museums that participated in the survey were analysed by collecting observational data, communicating with the managers of the organisations, and analysing the experience of museum visitors using the handheld guide. Scientific literature presented in the article substantiates the importance of handheld guides in museums and possible problems of integration of such devices. The study conducted in Lithuanian art museums reveals the fact that handheld guides are significant devices that help improve the experience of a museum visitor, but it is also observed that handheld guides have not yet become an integral part of a visit to a Lithuanian art museum.

scholarly journals Race and ethnicity representation in clinical trials: findings from a literature review of Phase I oncology trials

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
D Ross Camidge ◽  
Haeseong Park ◽  
Karen E Smoyer ◽  
Ira Jacobs ◽  
Lauren J Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Phase I ◽  
Predominantly White ◽  
Race And Ethnicity ◽  
Phase I Trials ◽  
Minimal Representation ◽  
Phase I Clinical Trials ◽  
Demographic Representation ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Race Ethnicity

Aim: To provide an assessment of published literature on the demographic representation in Phase I trials of biopharmaceutical oncology agents. Materials & methods: We conducted a rapid evidence assessment to identify demographic representation reported in Phase I clinical trials for biopharmaceutical oncology agents published in 2019. Results: Globally, the population was predominantly White/Caucasian (62.2%). In the USA, the distribution was heavily skewed toward White/Caucasian (84.2%), with minimal representation of Blacks/African–Americans (7.3%), Asians (3.4%), Hispanics/Latinos (2.8%) or other race/ethnicity groups. Conclusion: Our data highlight that Phase I oncology trials do not reflect the population at large, which may perpetuate health disparities. Further research is needed to understand and address barriers to participation, particularly among under-represented groups

scholarly journals Discrimination experienced by landed immigrants in Canada

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Parveen Parveen
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Household Income ◽  
Older Persons ◽  
General Social Survey ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
Social Survey ◽  
Visible Minorities ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Language Region ◽  
Race Ethnicity

Immigrants land in Canada with great hopes and multiple dreams, but the General Social Survey 2009 shows that one-fifth of them face discrimination in various situations once they have arrived. Ethnicity, race, language, and religion are the major grounds of discrimination. In this paper, the experiences of discrimination of landed immigrants are compared with those of non-immigrants. A logistic regression analysis is used on GSS data to predict the probability of facing discrimination based on the socio-economic and demographic characteristics of a person. Separate models are prepared for landed immigrants and non-immigrants. Results show that immigrants are much more likely to face discrimination than non-immigrants. Visible minorities and younger persons face higher levels of discrimination compared to non-visible minorities and older persons. Irrespective of their gender, household income, language, region of domicile, and number of evening activities, landed immigrants have similar chances of facing discrimination; whereas, for non-immigrants, these characteristics make a significant difference in their experiences of discrimination. Key Words: Discrimination, immigrant, race, ethnicity, and human rights.

scholarly journals Discrimination experienced by landed immigrants in Canada

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Parveen Parveen
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Household Income ◽  
Older Persons ◽  
General Social Survey ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
Social Survey ◽  
Visible Minorities ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Language Region ◽  
Race Ethnicity

Immigrants land in Canada with great hopes and multiple dreams, but the General Social Survey 2009 shows that one-fifth of them face discrimination in various situations once they have arrived. Ethnicity, race, language, and religion are the major grounds of discrimination. In this paper, the experiences of discrimination of landed immigrants are compared with those of non-immigrants. A logistic regression analysis is used on GSS data to predict the probability of facing discrimination based on the socio-economic and demographic characteristics of a person. Separate models are prepared for landed immigrants and non-immigrants. Results show that immigrants are much more likely to face discrimination than non-immigrants. Visible minorities and younger persons face higher levels of discrimination compared to non-visible minorities and older persons. Irrespective of their gender, household income, language, region of domicile, and number of evening activities, landed immigrants have similar chances of facing discrimination; whereas, for non-immigrants, these characteristics make a significant difference in their experiences of discrimination. Key Words: Discrimination, immigrant, race, ethnicity, and human rights.

Consequences of Divorce for Childhood Education: Australia, Canada, and the USA, 1940–1990

2009 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan Kelley ◽  
Richard Wanner ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Secondary School ◽  
General Social Survey ◽  
Standard Errors ◽  
Social Survey ◽  
Childhood Education ◽  
Educational Disadvantage ◽  
Confounding Variables ◽  
The Usa ◽  
American Children ◽  
Industrial Societies

AbstractParental divorce imposes a small but significant educational disadvantage on American children. Does this generalize across nations and over time? We analyze representative national samples from Australia (n=29,443) and Canada (n=28,266), together with US General Social Survey data (n=32,380). Using OLS and logistic regression with robust standard errors, we estimate models controlling many potentially confounding variables. Divorce costs seven-tenths of a year of education, mainly by reducing secondary school completion. Importantly, it has become more damaging in recent cohorts. Because this holds in all three nations, the explanation probably lies in common circumstances of, and parallel changes in, modern industrial societies.

Multiculturalism in American Public Opinion

2001 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 247-275 ◽  
Author(s):  
JACK CITRIN ◽  
DAVID O. SEARS ◽  
CHRISTOPHER MUSTE ◽  
CARA WONG
Keyword(s):  
Los Angeles ◽  
Ethnic Diversity ◽  
Los Angeles County ◽  
General Social Survey ◽  
Social Background ◽  
The United States ◽  
Social Survey ◽  
Testing Hypotheses ◽  
Definition Of

Multiculturalism has emerged to challenge liberalism as an ideological solution in coping with ethnic diversity in the United States. This article develops a definition of political multiculturalism which refers to conceptions of identity, community and public policy. It then analyses the 1994 General Social Survey and a 1994 survey of Los Angeles County to assess the contours of mass support and opposition to multiculturalism, testing hypotheses concerning the role of social background, liberalism–conservatism and racial hostility. The main conclusions are that ‘hard’ versions of multiculturalism are rejected in all ethnic groups, that a liberal political self-identification boosts support for multiculturalism, and that racial hostility is a consistent source of antagonism to the new ethnic agenda of multiculturalism. There is strong similarity in the results in both the national and Los Angeles samples.

The role of ambiances and aesthetics on millennials’ museum visiting behavior

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 152-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyowon Hyun ◽  
Jungkun Park ◽  
Tianbao Ren ◽  
Hyunjin Kim
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation ◽  
Art Museum ◽  
Art Museums ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Museum Visitors ◽  
Visitor Satisfaction ◽  
Hedonic Value ◽  
Utilitarian Value ◽  
Atmospheric Factors

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to establish a framework for millennials’ museum visiting behaviour and to explore the moderating effects of aesthetics and ambience for visiting art museums. This study uses the Stimulus–Organism–Response (S–O–R) model (Mehrabian and Russell, 1974) in order to confirm the relationship among variables. Design/methodology/approach The data were collected using online surveys from millennial art museum visitors who had visited a museum within three months. In all, 287 responses were collected. Structural equation modelling was used to analyse the model. Findings Korean millennial visitors pursue hedonic value rather than utilitarian value when they visit art museums. It turns out that hedonic value accelerates visitor satisfaction and promotes visitor loyalty more than utilitarian value in the art museum setting. Both ambiance and aesthetics play stimulating roles in the art museum context and moderate the relationships among visitor-perceived value, satisfaction and loyalty. Utilitarian values are identified as unimportant elements for young Korean museumgoers. Practical implications Ambiance and aesthetic factors play important roles in promoting art museum visits. An art museum may elevate its atmospheric factors by emphasising the visit’s fun value (i.e. hedonic value) for millennials. Originality/value This study expands on previous studies concerning conceptualization of multidimensional constructs of millennials’ value for experience of arts museums in terms of aesthetics and ambiance. The results also confirm the value of the S–O–R framework in an art museum context.

scholarly journals Social Media, Selfie Culture and Art Museums: Shifting Behavior in Art Museum Visitors

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hariyanto .
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Fine Arts ◽  
Art Museum ◽  
Art Museums ◽  
The Self ◽  
Work Of Art ◽  
Self Identity ◽  
Museum Visitors ◽  
Works Of Art

Smartphone users have a new habit of taking selfies then posting to Instagram or Facebook which will then be liked and commented on by their friends. This selfie culture influences the visitors of fine arts exhibitions and museums driving the urge to take a selfie in front of the work on display. Taking a selfie in front of a work of art seems to show the self-expression and self-identity of the performer. Selfie photos have similarities with self-portrait paintings by famous painters from the Reneisance era to the present. Selfie culture has influenced the behavior of millennials in appreciating works of art. Some applications that support selfie culture have been developed and gives smartphone users the opportunity to use it to create new interpretations of images. This article discusses the shift in exhibit behavior at the fine arts museum which is shown through photos uploaded on social media. Keywords: social media, selfies, art museum

scholarly journals Trust and all-cause mortality: a multilevel study of US General Social Survey data (1978–2010)

2018 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giuseppe Nicola Giordano ◽  
Jan Mewes ◽  
Alexander Miething
Keyword(s):  
General Social Survey ◽  
Public Health Research ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Survival Models ◽  
Social Survey ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Credible Intervals ◽  
Nationally Representative

BackgroundWithin public health research, generalised trust has been considered an independent predictor of morbidity and mortality for over two decades. However, there are no population-based studies that have scrutinised both contextual-level and individual-level effects of generalised trust on all-cause mortality. We, therefore, aim to investigate such associations by using pooled nationally representative US General Social Survey (GSS) data linked to the National Death Register (NDI).MethodsThe combined GSS–NDI data from the USA have 90 contextual units. Our sample consisted of 25 270 respondents from 1972 to 2010, with 6424 recorded deaths by 2014. We used multilevel parametric Weibull survival models reporting HRs and 95% CI (credible intervals for Bayesian analysis). Individual-level and contextual-level generalised trust were the exposures of interest; covariates included age, race, gender, marital status, education and household income.ResultsWe found a robust, significant impact of individual-level and contextual-level trust on mortality (HR=0.92, 95% CI 0.88 to 0.97; and HR=0.96, 95% CI 0.93 to 0.98, respectively). There were no discernible gender differences. Neither did we observe any significant cross-level interactions.ConclusionHigh levels of individual and contextual generalised trust protect against mortality, even after considering numerous individual and aggregated socioeconomic conditions. Its robustness at both levels hints at the importance of psychosocial mechanisms, as well as a trustworthy environment. Declining trust levels across the USA should be of concern; decision makers should consider direct and indirect effects of policy on trust with the view to halting this decline.

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