Plasticity and ontogenetic drift of biomass allocation in response to above- and below-ground resource availabilities in perennial herbs: a case study of Alternanthera philoxeroides

2006 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 255-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu-Peng Geng ◽  
Xiao-Yun Pan ◽  
Cheng-Yuan Xu ◽  
Wen-Ju Zhang ◽  
Bo Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biomass Allocation ◽  
Alternanthera Philoxeroides ◽  
Below Ground ◽  
Perennial Herbs ◽  
Ontogenetic Drift

Seismic solutions utilizing existing in-mine infrastructure for mineral exploration: A case study from Maseve platinum mine, South Africa

2022 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-61
Author(s):  
Moyagabo K. Rapetsoa ◽  
Musa S. D. Manzi ◽  
Mpofana Sihoyiya ◽  
Michael Westgate ◽  
Phumlani Kubeka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Seismic Data ◽  
Mineral Exploration ◽  
Ground Surface ◽  
Seismic Survey ◽  
Noisy Environment ◽  
Borehole Data ◽  
Passive Seismic ◽  
Below Ground

We demonstrate the application of seismic methods using in-mine infrastructure such as exploration tunnels to image platinum deposits and geologic structures using different acquisition configurations. In 2020, seismic experiments were conducted underground at the Maseve platinum mine in the Bushveld Complex of South Africa. These seismic experiments were part of the Advanced Orebody Knowledge project titled “Developing technologies that will be used to obtain information ahead of the mine face.” In these experiments, we recorded active and passive seismic data using surface nodal arrays and an in-mine seismic land streamer. We focus on analyzing only the in-mine active seismic portion of the survey. The tunnel seismic survey consisted of seven 2D profiles in exploration tunnels, located approximately 550 m below ground surface and a few meters above known platinum deposits. A careful data-processing approach was adopted to enhance high-quality reflections and suppress infrastructure-generated noise. Despite challenges presented by the in-mine noisy environment, we successfully imaged the platinum deposits with the aid of borehole data and geologic models. The results open opportunities to adapt surface-based geophysical instruments to address challenging in-mine environments for mineral exploration.

Effects of Submergence and Nitrogen Concentration on the Resources Utilization of Alternanthera philoxeroides

2013 ◽  
Vol 864-867 ◽  
pp. 239-242
Author(s):  
Wen Juan Ding ◽  
Hua Yong Zhang ◽  
Fang Juan Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Water Level ◽  
Biomass Allocation ◽  
Invasive Plant ◽  
Nitrogen Concentration ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Nitrogen Pollution ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Alternanthera Philoxeroides ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Nitrogen Concentrations

This study examined the effects of submergence and nitrogen concentration on biomass allocation and nutrients utilization of an invasive plant Alternanthera philoxeroides. In the experiment, A. philoxeroides was applied to two water level treatments (0 and 25cm above the surface) across with two nitrogen concentrations (0 and 10 mg/l N). The results showed that submergence decreased leaf fraction and increased stem fraction, but high N changed this situation. In submergence, high N increased leaf fraction but decreased stem fraction due to leaves survival and maintenance. Submergence decreased root fraction and the content of soluble sugar in stem. The results suggested that high N concentration could counteract the negative effects of submergence. Therefore, the risk of A. philoxeroides invasion might be enhanced by nitrogen pollution in fluctuating water bodies, and should be attention intensely.

ModellingSonchus arvensisroot biomass allocation to below-ground shoot and fine root growth

2016 ◽  
Vol 66 (6) ◽  
pp. 476-482
Author(s):  
Bengt Torssell ◽  
Henrik Eckersten ◽  
Anneli Lundkvist ◽  
Theo Verwijst
Keyword(s):  
Root Growth ◽  
Biomass Allocation ◽  
Fine Root ◽  
Fine Root Growth ◽  
Below Ground

The Black Diamonds of Sydney Harbour

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 645-664
Author(s):  
Ann Elias
Keyword(s):  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Mining Company ◽  
Pastoral Area ◽  
The Sublime ◽  
Sydney Harbour ◽  
History Of ◽  
Below Ground ◽  
The Aesthetic ◽  
The City

This article explores the case study of a coal mine that was first tunneled under Sydney Harbour in 1897 but closed in 1931. Specifically, it examines how the history of the mine intersects with aesthetics, race, colonialism, and Indigenous dispossession. Centered on the story of an English mining company that first sought a mine site in a pastoral area of the city, but under public pressure was forced to select instead a grimy working class suburb on the opposite harbor shore, the article argues that environmental aesthetics and tastes in beauty collaborated with extractivism. The argument emerges that economics, art, and aesthetics are inextricably linked in this history and further, that while the mine excited the industrial imagination through the aesthetic of the sublime, and associations with darkness and vastness, it conflicted with colonial settler tastes for the pastoral imagination defined by the aesthetics of the beautiful and its associations with light. The article discusses the context of a settler economy in lands stolen from Indigenous peoples, and how conceptualizations of the sublime and beautiful, as well as dark and light, were aligned with the racialization of the properties of coal and space above and below ground.

scholarly journals Effects of mycorrhizal inoculant, N:P supply ratio, and water depth on the growth and biomass allocation of three wetland plant species

2005 ◽  
Vol 83 (9) ◽  
pp. 1117-1125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lauchlan H. Fraser ◽  
Larry M. Feinstein
Keyword(s):  
Biomass Allocation ◽  
Water Depth ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Am Fungi ◽  
Nutrient Supply ◽  
Wetland Plant ◽  
Below Ground ◽  
Root:Shoot Ratios ◽  
Water Depths

In the greenhouse, we investigated the growth and biomass allocation of three juvenile wetland species ( Carex tribuloides Wahl., Phalaris arundinacea L., and Rumex orbiculatus Gray) under three different water depths (–4, 0, and +2 cm relative to the soil surface), three N:P supply ratios (1:30, 1:1, 30:1), and two mycorrhizal inoculant treatments (arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi present, absent). After 6 weeks, the plants were harvested, separated to above- and below-ground parts, oven-dried, and weighed. The mycorrhizal inoculant significantly increased plant growth and reduced root:shoot ratios. At an N:P supply ratio of 30:1, plants with AM fungi had significantly greater biomass than those plants without AM fungi. However, at 1:1 N:P supply ratio, plants without AM fungi had greater biomass. Plants without AM fungi had higher root:shoot ratios at 0 and –4 cm water depth than plants with AM fungi. In general, C. tribuloides had the lowest growth, and unlike P. arundinacea and R. orbiculatus, was not affected by the water depth treatment. Growth of the wetland plants was limited more by nitrogen than by phosphorus. Our results suggest that at high N:P nutrient supply ratios and non-flooded conditions the growth of wetland seedlings can benefit by being inoculated with AM fungi.

scholarly journals Biomass allocation in natural regeneration of Fagus sylvatica and Picea abies trees in Italian Alps

2014 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabio Pastorella ◽  
Alessandro Paletto
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Norway Spruce ◽  
Biomass Allocation ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Ground Biomass ◽  
Non Linear ◽  
Below Ground ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Linear Regressions

Abstract Biomass allocation in seedlings and saplings at different stages of growth is important information for studying the response of species to site conditions. The objectives of the paper are: (a) to analyse the relationship between height and biomass in young Norway spruce and European beech trees, (b) to study the influence of the leaf area on ontogenetic growth stages and biomass sequestration capacity on the regeneration of these two species. 96 seedlings (H < 30 cm) and saplings (31 < H < 130 cm) were collected in different light conditions in a case study in the Alps (Trentino province, Italy). Leaf Area Index and shoot/root ratio were used as indicators of the ecological conditions (e.g. light, soil moisture, nutrient status) able to influence the seedlings and saplings growth. Two non-linear regressions were fitted to analyse the relationship between height and biomass and to develop the aboveground and below-ground allometric equations. Non-linear regressions show that sapling or seedling height is a good predictor of above-ground and below-ground biomass with a R2aj above 0.8 for all equations and a R2aj above 0.9 for above-ground biomass of Norway spruce. The results show that silvicultural practices may influence the regeneration patterns and increase the biomass allocation rate influencing stand density and canopy cover.

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