Sugarcane glycoproteins control dynamics of cytoskeleton during teliospore germination of Sporisorium scitamineum

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (9) ◽  
pp. 1121-1134
Author(s):  
Elena Sánchez-Elordi ◽  
František Baluška ◽  
Carlos Vicente ◽  
María Estrella Legaz
Keyword(s):  
Teliospore Germination ◽  
Sporisorium Scitamineum

Sporisorium scitamineum. [Distribution map].

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Andhra Pradesh ◽  
Uttar Pradesh ◽  
Saccharum Officinarum ◽  
Peninsular Malaysia ◽  
Distribution Map ◽  
Bonin Islands ◽  
Sporisorium Scitamineum ◽  
New Distribution ◽  
Distribution In Europe

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Sporisorium scitamineum (Syd.) M. Piepenbr., M. Stoll & Oberw. Fungi: Basidiomycotina: Ustilaginales. Hosts: sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum). Information is given on the geographical distribution in Europe (Portugal), Asia (Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Cambodia, China, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hong Kong, Hunan, Jiangxi, Sichuan, Yunnan, India, Andhra Pradesh, Bihar, Delhi, Gujarat, Karnataka, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Punjab, Tamil Nadu, Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal, Indonesia, Java, Iran, Japan, Bonin Islands, Ryukyu Archipelago, Malaysia, Peninsular Malaysia, Myanmar, Nepal, Pakistan, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Taiwan, Thailand, Turkmenistan, Vietnam), Africa (Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Chad, Congo, Congo Democratic Republic, Cote d'Ivoire, Egypt, Ethiopia, Ghana, Kenya, Madagascar, Malawi, Mali, Mauritius, Morocco, Mozambique, Niger, Nigeria, Reunion, Senegal, Somalia, South Africa, Sudan, Swaziland, Tanzania, Uganda, Zambia, Zimbabwe), North America (Mexico, USA, Florida, Hawaii, Louisiana, Texas), Central America and Caribbean (Barbados, Belize, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominican Republic, El Salvador, Guadeloupe, Guatemala, Haiti, Honduras, Jamaica, Martinique, Nicaragua, Panama, Puerto Rico, St. Kitts-Nevis, Trinidad and Tobago), South America (Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Ceara, Minas Gerais, Parana, Rio de Janeiro, Rio Grande do Sul, Sao Paulo, Colombia, Guyana, Paraguay, Suriname, Uruguay, Venezuela), Oceania (Australia, Queensland, Western Australia).

scholarly journals SsPEP1, an Effector with Essential Cellular Functions in Sugarcane Smut Fungus

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 954
Author(s):  
Shan Lu ◽  
Yukun Wang ◽  
Xiaorui Shen ◽  
Feng Guo ◽  
Chunling Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Potent Inhibitor ◽  
Mapk Signaling ◽  
Symptom Development ◽  
Cellular Functions ◽  
Sporisorium Scitamineum ◽  
Expression Of Genes ◽  
Allele Dosage ◽  
Biotrophic Fungi ◽  
Related Stress ◽  
Important Disease

Biotrophic fungi have to infect their host to obtain nutrients and must establish an interaction with the host to complete their life cycle. In this process, effectors play important roles in manipulating the host’s immune system to avoid being attacked. Sporisorium scitamineum is the causative agent of sugarcane smut, the most important disease in sugarcane-producing regions worldwide. In this work, we functionally characterized the conserved effector PEP1 in S. scitamineum. The mating process and the expression of genes in the MAPK signaling pathway and the a and b loci were adversely affected in Sspep1-null mutants. The requirement for SsPEP1 in pathogenicity and symptom development was allele dosage-dependent, i.e., deleting one Sspep1 allele in the mating pair turned a normal black whip with abundant teliospores into a white whip with few teliospores; however, deleting both alleles almost abolished infectivity and whip development. ΔSspep1 mutants produced significantly less mycelium mass within infected plants. Additionally, SsPEP1 was identified as a potent inhibitor of sugarcane POD-1a peroxidase activity, implying that SsPEP1 may function to relieve reactive oxygen species-related stress within the host plant. Taken together, our work demonstrated that SsPEP1 is a multifaceted effector essential for S. scitamineum growth, development, and pathogenicity.

scholarly journals Ovarian Tumor Domain-Containing Proteases-Deubiquitylation Enzyme Gene SsCI33130 Involved in the Regulation of Mating/Filamentation and Pathogenicity in Sporisorium scitamineum

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huizhong Li ◽  
Yichang Cai ◽  
Quanqing Deng ◽  
Han Bao ◽  
Jianwen Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Abiotic Stress ◽  
Small Molecule ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Knockout Mutant ◽  
Expression Levels ◽  
Sporisorium Scitamineum ◽  
Knockout Mutants ◽  
Sexual Mating

Sugarcane is an important sugar crop. Sugarcane smut, caused by Sporisorium scitamineum, is a worldwide sugarcane disease with serious economic losses and lack of effective control measures. Revealing the molecular pathogenesis of S. scitamineum is very helpful to the development of effective prevention and control technology. Deubiquitinase removes ubiquitin molecules from their binding substrates and participates in a variety of physiological activities in eukaryotes. Based on the transcriptome sequencing data of two isolates (Ss16 and Ss47) of S. scitamineum with different pathogenicities, SsCI33130, a gene encoding an OTU1-deubiquitin enzyme, was identified. The positive knockout mutants and complementary mutants of the SsCI33130 gene were successfully obtained through polyethylene glycol-mediated protoplast transformation technology. In order to study the possible function of this gene in pathogenicity, phenotypic comparison of the growth, morphology, abiotic stress, sexual mating, pathogenicity, and gene expression levels of the knockout mutants, complementary mutants, and their wild type strains were conducted. The results demonstrated that the gene had almost no effect on abiotic stress, cell wall integrity, growth, and morphology, but was related to the sexual mating and pathogenicity of S. scitamineum. The sexual mating ability and pathogenicity between the knockout mutants or between the knockout mutant and wild type were more significantly reduced than between the wild types, the complementary mutants, or the wild types and complementary mutants. The sexual mating between the knockout mutants or between the knockout mutant and wild type could be restored by the exogenous addition of small-molecule signaling substances such as 5 mM cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) or 0.02 mM tryptophol. In addition, during sexual mating, the expression levels of tryptophol and cAMP synthesis-related genes in the knockout mutant combinations were significantly lower than those in the wild type combinations, while the expression levels in the complementary mutant combinations were restored to the level of the wild type. It is speculated that the SsCI33130 gene may be involved in the development of sexual mating and pathogenicity in S. scitamineum by regulating the synthesis of the small-molecule signaling substances (cAMP or tryptophol) required during the sexual mating of S. scitamineum, thereby providing a molecular basis for the study of the pathogenic mechanisms of S. scitamineum.

scholarly journals A Dual-Color Imaging System for Sugarcane Smut Fungus Sporisorium scitamineum

Plant Disease ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 100 (12) ◽  
pp. 2357-2362 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meixin Yan ◽  
Enping Cai ◽  
Jianuan Zhou ◽  
Changqing Chang ◽  
Pinggen Xi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Fluorescent Protein ◽  
Imaging System ◽  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Smut Fungus ◽  
Color Imaging ◽  
Sporisorium Scitamineum ◽  
Dual Color ◽  
Life Cycle Development ◽  
Whole Life Cycle

The life cycle of the sugarcane smut fungus Sporisorium scitamineum is a multistep process. Haploid sporidia of compatible (MAT-1 versus MAT-2) mating types fuse to generate pathogenic dikaryotic hyphae to infect the host. Within the host tissues, diploid teliospores are formed and induce a characteristic sorus that looks like a black whip. The diploid teliospores germinate to form haploid sporidia by meiosis. In order to monitor fungal development throughout the whole life cycle, we expressed the green fluorescent protein (GFP) and red fluorescent protein (RFP) in S. scitamineum MAT-1 and MAT-2 sporidia, respectively. Observation by epifluorescence microscope showed that conjugation tube formation and sporidia fusion occurred at 4 to 8 h, and formation of dikaryotic filaments was detected at 12 h after mating. The resultant teliospores, with diffused GFP and RFP, underwent meiosis as demonstrated by septated hypha with single fluorescent signal. We demonstrated that GFP- and RFP-tagged strains can be used to study the life cycle development of the fungal pathogen S. scitamineum, including the sexual mating and meiosis events. This dual-color imaging system would be a valuable tool for investigation of biotic and abiotic factors that might affect the fungal life cycle development and pathogenesis.

Cytological Studies on the Teliospore and Teliospore Germination in Puccinia Lobata

Mycologia ◽  
1969 ◽  
Vol 61 (5) ◽  
pp. 981-986 ◽  
Author(s):  
Burton M. Berkson ◽  
Michael P. Britton
Keyword(s):  
Teliospore Germination

scholarly journals A class III WRKY transcription factor in sugarcane was involved in biotic and abiotic stress responses

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dongjiao Wang ◽  
Ling Wang ◽  
Weihua Su ◽  
Yongjuan Ren ◽  
Chuihuai You ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stress Responses ◽  
Transcriptional Activation ◽  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Plant Stress ◽  
Bacterial Pathogen ◽  
Wrky Transcription Factor ◽  
Expression Level ◽  
Class Iii ◽  
Biotic And Abiotic Stress ◽  
Sporisorium Scitamineum

AbstractWRKY transcription factors play significant roles in plant stress responses. In this study, a class III WRKY gene ScWRKY5, was successfully isolated from sugarcane variety ROC22. The ScWRKY5 was a nucleus protein with transcriptional activation activity. The ScWRKY5 gene was constitutively expressed in all the sugarcane tissues, with the highest expression level in the stem epidermis and the lowest in the root. After inoculation with Sporisorium scitamineum for 1 d, the expression level of ScWRKY5 was significantly increased in two smut-resistant varieties (YZ01-1413 and LC05-136), while it was decreased in three smut-susceptible varieties (ROC22, YZ03-103, and FN40). Besides, the expression level of ScWRKY5 was increased by the plant hormones salicylic acid (SA) and abscisic acid (ABA), as well as the abiotic factors polyethylene glycol (PEG) and sodium chloride (NaCl). Transient overexpression of the ScWRKY5 gene enhanced the resistance of Nicotiana benthamiana to the tobacco bacterial pathogen Ralstonia solanacearum, however the transiently overexpressed N. benthamiana was more sensitive to the tobacco fungal pathogen Fusarium solani var. coeruleum. These results provide a reference for further research on the resistance function of sugarcane WRKY genes.

Sporulation Capacity and Longevity of Puccinia horiana Teliospores in Infected Chrysanthemum Leaves

2013 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Morris R. Bonde ◽  
Cristi L. Palmer ◽  
Douglas G. Luster ◽  
Susan E. Nester ◽  
Jason M. Revell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Fungal Pathogen ◽  
Local Environment ◽  
The United States ◽  
First Report ◽  
White Rust ◽  
Teliospore Germination ◽  
Sporulation Capacity ◽  
Leaf Necrosis ◽  
Puccinia Horiana

Puccinia horiana Henn., a quarantine-significant fungal pathogen and causal agent of chrysanthemum white rust (CWR), was first discovered in the United States in 1977 and later believed to have been eradicated. Recently, however, the disease has sporadically reappeared in the northeastern US. Possible explanations for the reappearance include survival of the pathogen in the local environment, and reintroduction from other locations. To determine the possibility that the pathogen might be overwintering in the field, we undertook the study described here. Results from the study showed that P. horiana teliospores, imbedded in infected leaves, were capable of sporulating 2 weeks after inoculation, and this capacity continued until the leaf became necrotic and desiccated. This is the first report of the extreme susceptibility of P. horiana teliospores to leaf necrosis and desiccation and suggests that field infections following winter are unlikely to originate from teliospores. Teliospore germination on excised leaves was shown to be inhibited by light. Accepted for publication 3 April 2013. Published 23 August 2013.

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