Hip fracture and mortality: study of specific causes of death and risk factors

Abstract Background This study aimed to explore the preoperative risk factors related to blood transfusion after hip fracture operations and to establish a nomogram prediction model. The application of this model will likely reduce unnecessary transfusions and avoid wasting blood products. Methods This was a retrospective analysis of all patients undergoing hip fracture surgery from January 2013 to January 2020. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to evaluate the association between preoperative risk factors and blood transfusion after hip fracture operations. Finally, the risk factors obtained from the multivariate regression analysis were used to establish the nomogram model. The validation of the nomogram was assessed by the concordance index (C-index), the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, decision curve analysis (DCA), and calibration curves. Results A total of 820 patients were included in the present study for evaluation. Multivariate logistic regression analysis demonstrated that low preoperative hemoglobin (Hb), general anesthesia (GA), non-use of tranexamic acid (TXA), and older age were independent risk factors for blood transfusion after hip fracture operation. The C-index of this model was 0.86 (95% CI, 0.83–0.89). Internal validation proved the nomogram model’s adequacy and accuracy, and the results showed that the predicted value agreed well with the actual values. Conclusions A nomogram model was developed based on independent risk factors for blood transfusion after hip fracture surgery. Preoperative intervention can effectively reduce the incidence of blood transfusion after hip fracture operations.

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Persistent albuminuria as an index of diabetic nephropathy in type 2 diabetic patients in Osaka, Japan — incidence, risk factors, prognosis and causes of death

Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice ◽

10.1016/0168-8227(89)90019-3 ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 7 (4) ◽

pp. 299-306 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Akira Sasaki ◽

Naruto Horiuchi ◽

Kyoichi Hasagawa ◽

Masuko Uehara

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Diabetic Nephropathy ◽

Causes Of Death ◽

Diabetic Patients ◽

Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽

Incidence Risk ◽

Type 2 Diabetic

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Survival and risk factors for premature mortality in patients with parkinson’s disease

Neurology Bulletin ◽

10.17816/nb71924 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol LIII (3) ◽

pp. 5-10

Author(s):

Fatima N. Aliyeva

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Myocardial Infarction ◽

Survival Rate ◽

Confidence Interval ◽

Causes Of Death ◽

Age Of Onset ◽

Premature Mortality ◽

Parkinsons Disease ◽

Cerebrovascular Accidents ◽

Relationship Of

Aim. To assess the survival rate and risk factors for premature mortality in patients with Parkinsons disease in Baku. Material and research methods. The observation was carried out retrospectively, information was collected on all patients (110 patients) in whom the diagnosis of Parkinsons disease was first established in 20092010. These patients are provided with drugs free of charge, which made it possible to provide them with diagnostic monitoring in polyclinics. During 20102019, 94 patients with a diagnosis of Parkinsons disease died. All medical death certificates were selected for analysis. The diagnoses in column a of these documents were accepted as direct causes of death, regardless of the presence or absence of a causal relationship of these diagnoses with Parkinsons disease. Therefore, the reported cases were interpreted not as death due to Parkinsons disease, but as the death of a patient diagnosed with Parkinsons disease. Results. Noteworthy is the prevalence of men (72.7%) and people without dementia (70.9%) among patients. Within 10 years, 85.5% of patients died from various causes. The immediate causes of death were acute cerebrovascular accidents (36.2%) and acute myocardial infarction (24.5%). The annual survival rate of the observed patients was high (94%; 95% confidence interval 51100%). The five-year survival rate is 76% (95% confidence interval 42100%). Conclusions. (1) The survival rate of patients with Parkinsons disease within 10 years after the onset of signs ranges from 0.94 to 0.41 (five-year survival rate is 0.76). (2) The immediate causes of mortality in patients with Parkinsons disease were cerebrovascular accidents (36.2%), myocardial infarction (24.5%), pulmonary embolism (11.7%), pneumonia (10.6%) and others (17%). (3) The effect of age of onset and signs of Parkinsons disease, gender, comorbidity and dementia on survival is statistically significant (p 0.05).

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