Risk Factors and Causes of Death in COVID-19 : A Review of Current Literatures

Aim. To assess the survival rate and risk factors for premature mortality in patients with Parkinsons disease in Baku. Material and research methods. The observation was carried out retrospectively, information was collected on all patients (110 patients) in whom the diagnosis of Parkinsons disease was first established in 20092010. These patients are provided with drugs free of charge, which made it possible to provide them with diagnostic monitoring in polyclinics. During 20102019, 94 patients with a diagnosis of Parkinsons disease died. All medical death certificates were selected for analysis. The diagnoses in column a of these documents were accepted as direct causes of death, regardless of the presence or absence of a causal relationship of these diagnoses with Parkinsons disease. Therefore, the reported cases were interpreted not as death due to Parkinsons disease, but as the death of a patient diagnosed with Parkinsons disease. Results. Noteworthy is the prevalence of men (72.7%) and people without dementia (70.9%) among patients. Within 10 years, 85.5% of patients died from various causes. The immediate causes of death were acute cerebrovascular accidents (36.2%) and acute myocardial infarction (24.5%). The annual survival rate of the observed patients was high (94%; 95% confidence interval 51100%). The five-year survival rate is 76% (95% confidence interval 42100%). Conclusions. (1) The survival rate of patients with Parkinsons disease within 10 years after the onset of signs ranges from 0.94 to 0.41 (five-year survival rate is 0.76). (2) The immediate causes of mortality in patients with Parkinsons disease were cerebrovascular accidents (36.2%), myocardial infarction (24.5%), pulmonary embolism (11.7%), pneumonia (10.6%) and others (17%). (3) The effect of age of onset and signs of Parkinsons disease, gender, comorbidity and dementia on survival is statistically significant (p 0.05).

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Maternalmortality in Benghazi: a clinicoepidemiological study

Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal ◽

10.26719/2000.6.2-3.283 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 6 (2-3) ◽

pp. 283-293

Author(s):

M. Legnain ◽

R. Singh ◽

M. O. Busarira

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Pulmonary Embolism ◽

Mortality Rate ◽

Birth Interval ◽

Causes Of Death ◽

Surgical Intervention ◽

Hypertensive Disease ◽

Maternal Deaths ◽

Live Births ◽

Almost All

We conducted a clinicoepidemiological study of 14 maternal deaths out of 79 981 live births at Al-Jamahiriya Hospital, Benghazi between 1993 and 1997. The maternal mortality rate per 100 000 live births was 17.5. The reproductive profile of these women was: mean age 31.5 +/- 6.9 years, mean parity 4.5, mean birth interval 14.6 +/- 7.0 months, mean gestation 27.7 +/- 14.6 weeks and mean haemoglobin 9.3 +/- 2.1 g/dL. None of the women had prebooked their delivery, 50% had preconceptional medical or obstetric risk factors, around 70% were anaemic, almost all were admitted with serious medical conditions and > 50% required surgical intervention. The main underlying medical causes of death were: hypertensive disease of pregnancy [28.6%], haemorrhage [14.3%], pulmonary embolism [14.3%]and brain tumour [14.3%]

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Ambient air pollution and cardiovascular diseases: From bench to bedside

European Journal of Preventive Cardiology ◽

10.1177/2047487318766638 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 25 (8) ◽

pp. 818-825 ◽

Cited By ~ 28

Author(s):

Simone Vidale ◽

Carlo Campana

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Air Pollution ◽

Cardiovascular Diseases ◽

Air Pollutants ◽

Causes Of Death ◽

Ambient Air ◽

Epidemiological Studies ◽

Ambient Air Pollution ◽

Particulate Matter Exposure

Air pollution has a great impact on health, representing one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Previous experimental and epidemiological studies suggested the role of pollutants as risk factors for cardiovascular diseases. For this reason, international guidelines included specific statements regarding the contribution of particulate matter exposure to increase the risk of these events. In this review, we summarise the main evidence concerning the mechanisms involved in the processes linking air pollutants to the development of cardiovascular diseases.

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Risk Factors for Septicemia Deaths and Disparities in a Longitudinal US Cohort

Open Forum Infectious Diseases ◽

10.1093/ofid/ofy305 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 5 (12) ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Jordan A Kempker ◽

Michael R Kramer ◽

Lance A Waller ◽

Greg S Martin

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

General Health ◽

Causes Of Death ◽

Family Income ◽

Survey Design ◽

Adult Population ◽

Vital Statistics ◽

Health Condition ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Income Poverty

Abstract Background There are few longitudinal data on the risk factors and mediators of racial disparities in sepsis among community- dwelling US adults. Methods This is a longitudinal study of adult participants in the 1999–2005 National Health Interview Survey with data linked to the 1999–2011 National Death Index. We utilized National Vital Statistics System’s ICD-10 schema to define septicemia deaths (A40-A41), utilizing influenza and pneumonia deaths (J09-J11) and other causes of death as descriptive comparators. All statistics utilized survey design variables to approximate the US adult population. Results Of 206 691 adult survey participants, 1523 experienced a septicemia death. Factors associated with a >2-fold larger hazard of septicemia death included need for help with activities of daily living; self-reported “poor” and “fair” general health; lower education; lower poverty index ratio; self-reported emphysema, liver condition, stroke, and weak or failing kidneys; numerous measures of disability; general health worse than the year prior; >1 pack per day cigarette use; and higher utilization of health care. Blacks had age- and sex-adjusted hazards that were higher for septicemia deaths (hazard ratio [HR], 1.92; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.65–2.23) than for other causes of death (HR, 1.32; 95% CI, 1.25–1.38). The strongest mediators of the septicemia disparity included self-reported general health condition, family income-poverty ratio, and highest education level achieved. Conclusions In this cohort, the major risk factors for septicemia death were similar to those for other causes of death, there was approximately a 2-fold black-white disparity in septicemia deaths, and the strongest mediators of this disparity were across domains of socioeconomic status.

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