scholarly journals Incidence of and risk factors for hip fracture in Nagasaki, Japan from 2005 to 2014

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hironobu Koseki ◽  
Shinya Sunagawa ◽  
Chieko Noguchi ◽  
Akihiko Yonekura ◽  
Umi Matsumura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Hip Fracture ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Hip Fractures ◽  
Early Morning ◽  
Time Of Day ◽  
Annual Incidence ◽  
Living Room ◽  
High Risk Factors ◽  
Nagasaki Prefecture

Abstract Summary The annual incidence of new hip fractures increased from 2005 to 2014 in Nagasaki and females were much more affected. High-risk factors were identified as age ≥ 80 years, winter, indoors, living room, Monday, and early morning. Seven days after admission, most patients remained hospitalized and had been treated surgically. Introduction Hip fractures are major osteoporotic fractures that reduce quality of life. In Japan, the incidence of hip fractures increased steadily from 1986 to 2014 and the number of hip fractures could be 7.3–21.3 million by 2050. This study aimed to determine the incidence of hip fractures from 2005 to 2014 in Nagasaki Prefecture and to analyze the characteristics of and risk factors for hip fracture. Methods Hip fractures that occurred in Nagasaki Prefecture between 2005 and 2014 were analyzed using emergency transportation records. Fracture type, age, sex, location in which fracture occurred, and risk factors for hip fracture were clarified. Results The total number of new hip fractures among individuals ≥ 35 years old was 17,395 (mean age, 82.6 years old) and the annual incidence per 100,000 population increased from 147.9 in 2005 to 235.0 in 2014. Females (79.6%) were much more commonly affected than males (20.4%) and cervical fractures were more common than trochanteric fractures in all age groups. Hip fracture tended to be associated with age ≥ 80 years, winter rather than summer, indoors rather than outdoors, and living room rather than the bathroom or toilet. Other high-risk factors were Monday as day of the week, and early morning as the time of day. Seven days after admission, 97.3% of patients were hospitalized and 78.1% of hip fractures had been treated surgically. Conclusion Information on actual situations and valid preventive measures relevant to hip fracture are urgently needed.

scholarly journals Treatment of Postmenopausal Osteoporosis: Focus on Strontium Ranelate

2011 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. CMWH.S5149
Author(s):  
Bernard Cortet
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Hip Fracture ◽  
Vertebral Fracture ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Hip Fractures ◽  
Strontium Ranelate ◽  
Phase Iii ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Long Term Treatment

Given its increasing incidence and serious complications, osteoporosis requires safe and effective long-term treatment. Strontium ranelate (SR), a new anti-osteoporotic treatment with a unique mode of action, has been investigated in the Spinal Osteoporosis Therapeutic Intervention (SOTI) and the Treatment Of Peripheral OSteoporosis (TROPOS) trials, two major 3-year multinational placebo-controlled Phase III randomized clinical trials. In SOTI, SR treatment reduced the risk of vertebral fracture by 41% (20.9% vs. 32.8%, P < 0.001); in TROPOS, it reduced the risk of non-vertebral fracture by 16% (11.2% vs. 12.9%, P = 0.04), and the risk of hip fracture in patients at high risk by 36% (4.3% vs. 6.4%, P = 0.046). Also SR has been shown to decrease the risk of vertebral fracture after 4 years of treatment and the risk of nonvertebral fracture after 5 years. Also it demonstrated for high risk patients a significant decrease of the risk of hip fractures (–43%) after 5 years of treatment. Unlike antiresorptive agents, SR produced steady and significant BMD increases that correlated directly with decreases in vertebral and hip fracture risk. Preplanned analysis of the pooled dataset from SOTI and TROPOS showed that SR was effective whether or not patients had key risk factors for fractures at baseline. SR was also effective in patients with osteopenia and younger postmenopausal patients aged 50–65 years. It was also effective for preventing both vertebral and nonvertebral fractures in the elderly (>80 years). Also, SR significantly attenuated height loss and decreased back pain. Finally long-term follow-up showed that BMD gains were maintained through a 8 year-period with maintaining the incidence of fracture between the first 3 years and the last 3 years of treatment. The safety profile of SR was almost similar to placebo in both trials. A slight but significant increased risk of thromboembolism events was noted from the pooled phase III studies data. However this increased was not found in a large retrospective observational study. Thus, SR demonstrates broad spectrum safety and efficacy in reducing the risks of both vertebral and non-vertebral (including hip) fractures in a wide variety of patients, and should be considered as a first-line option to treat women at risk of osteoporotic fractures, whatever their age, the severity of the disease, and their risk factors.

Association between maternal high-risk factors and anemia among women in Ethiopia

Nutrition ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 111404
Author(s):  
Noha Fadl ◽  
Gillian H Ice ◽  
Zelalem T Haile
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
High Risk ◽  
High Risk Factors

Quantification of risk of recurrence associated with high risk factors in Stage II colon cancer: A retrospective study from a tertiary cancer institute in India

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 25
Author(s):  
LinuAbraham Jacob ◽  
Lalatendu Moharana ◽  
Lokanatha Dasappa ◽  
MC Suresh Babu ◽  
KN Lokesh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Colon Cancer ◽  
Retrospective Study ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Stage Ii ◽  
Risk Of Recurrence ◽  
High Risk Factors ◽  
Stage Ii Colon Cancer

Abstract 18634: Favorable Cardiovascular Health and the Compression of Morbidity: Findings From the Chicago Heart Detection Project in Industry Study

Circulation ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 132 (suppl_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Norrina B Allen ◽  
Lihui Zhao ◽  
Lei Liu ◽  
Martha Daviglus ◽  
Kiang Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Healthcare Costs ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Heart Association ◽  
Baseline Risk ◽  
Compression Of Morbidity ◽  
High Risk Factors ◽  
Morbidity Score

Introduction: We sought to determine the association of CV health at younger ages with the proportion of life lived free of morbidity, the cumulative burden of morbidity, and average healthcare costs at older ages. Methods: The Chicago Heart Association (CHA) study is a longitudinal cohort of employed men and women aged 18-59 years at baseline exam in 1967-1973. Baseline risk factor levels included blood pressure, cholesterol, diabetes, BMI and smoking. Individuals were classified into one of four strata: favorable levels of all factors, 0 factors high but 1+ elevated, 1 high, and ≥2 high risk factors. Linked CMS/NDI data from 1984-2010 were used to determine morbidity in older age providing up to 40 years of follow-up. We included participants who were age 65+ between 1984 and 2010 and enrolled in Medicare FFS. All-cause morbidity was defined using the Gagne score. A CV morbidity score was defined as the sum of 4 CVDs including CHD (includes MI), PVD, cerebrovascular disease and CHF. Results: We included 25,390 participants (43% female, 90% White, mean age 44 at baseline); 6% had favorable levels, 19% had 1+ risk factors at elevated levels, 40% had 1 high risk factor and 35% had 2+ high risk factors. As compared to those with 2+ high risk factors, favorable CV health had lower levels of all-cause and CV morbidity from age 65-90 years, and a lower cumulative morbidity burden (p<0.001) translating to lower average annual healthcare costs ($15,905 vs $20,791 per year, p<0.001). Favorable CV health postponed the onset of all-cause morbidity by 4.5 years, the onset of CV morbidity by almost 7 years and extended life by almost 4 years resulting in a compression of morbidity on both the absolute and relative scale (see figure). Conclusion: Individuals in favorable CV health live a longer, healthier life and a greater proportion of life free of morbidity. These findings provide support for prevention efforts aimed at preserving cardiovascular health and reducing the burden of disease in older ages.

Role of Colour Doppler in High Risk Pregnancy

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 185-191
Author(s):  
Hiral Parekh ◽  
Sneha Chaudhari
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Perinatal Outcome ◽  
Umbilical Artery ◽  
High Risk Pregnancy ◽  
Colour Doppler ◽  
High Risk Factors ◽  
Risk Pregnancy ◽  
A Prospective Study

This was a prospective study conducted in pregnant patients with high risk factors who got admitted in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology at Care Hospital, Jamnagar during the period from May 2018 to September 2020. Background: High-risk pregnancies causes many adverse perinatal outcomes. Doppler ultrasound is a non-invasive technique to study the feto-maternal circulation to guide the clinical management. Objective: This study aims at evaluating the role of colour Doppler in high-risk pregnancies and their perinatal outcome. Materials and Methods: This was a prospective study carried out for 29 months in the Department of Radiology with antenatal women in the age group of 18-35 years with singleton pregnancy of gestational age of <28 weeks to >35 weeks having high-risk factors considered in study. The risk factors considered were pregnancy induced hypertension (PIH), gestational diabetes, anemia, oligohydramnios, polyhydramnios and IUGR. Doppler study of umbilical artery and fetal middle cerebral artery (MCA) arteries was done and amniotic fluid index (AFI) was measured. Parameters in the form of resistive index, pulsatility index, and systolic/diastolic ratio were taken. obstetric history was taken with regular interval follow up. Results: The study was carried out with 50 patients. High-risk pregnancy was more common in the age group of 21-25 years. The most common high-risk factor in pregnancy was oligohydramnios which accounted for 30% of cases. Out of 50 high-risk pregnancies, 5 (10 %) of cases resulted in intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR). Out of 50 high-risk cases, in 36 cases, umbilical artery findings were abnormal. 3 patients had intrauterine death (IUD) and 27 patients had poor perinatal outcome. Umbilical artery abnormality showed significant sensitivity and negative predictive value for adverse (poor + IUD) perinatal. Correlation was seen between high risk pregnancy and need of emergency caesarean section and induction and associated adverse perinatal outcome. Conclusion: Combination of different arterial waveform study enhance the diagnostic accuracy in identifying those intrauterine growth restricted foetuses that were at risk. Keywords: Colour Doppler, high risk pregnancy, perinatal outcome.

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