scholarly journals Toward On-Line Slag Composition Analysis: Optical Emissions from Laboratory Electric Arc

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Pauna ◽  
A. Tuomela ◽  
M. Aula ◽  
P. Turunen ◽  
V. Pankratov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Slag Composition ◽  
Optical Emission ◽  
Atomic Emission ◽  
Potential Method ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Electric Arc ◽  
Composition Analysis ◽  
Optical Emissions ◽  
Arc Furnaces ◽  
On Line

AbstractElectric arc furnaces and ladle furnaces have an important role in the future of steelmaking where $$\hbox {CO}_2$$ CO 2 emissions have to be mitigated to an acceptable level. One way to address this goal is to optimize and improve the current practices by adjusting the chemistry and reactions with material additions or gas injections. These procedures would greatly benefit from on-line slag composition analysis. Since the electric arcs radiate throughout the melting, optical emission spectroscopy is a potential method for such analysis. In this study, optical emissions from the electric arc are measured in a laboratory environment. Dozens of atomic emission lines were correlated with $$\hbox {Cr}_2\hbox {O}_3$$ Cr 2 O 3 , $$\hbox {Fe}_2\hbox {O}_3$$ Fe 2 O 3 , $$\hbox {Al}_2\hbox {O}_3$$ Al 2 O 3 , $$\hbox {SiO}_2$$ SiO 2 , MnO, MgO, CaO, $$\hbox {CaF}_2$$ CaF 2 , $$\hbox {V}_2\hbox {O}_5$$ V 2 O 5 , and Ni content of the slag together with correlation between $$\hbox {CaF}_2$$ CaF 2 and molecular optical emission bands of CaF. Optimal spectral resolution for industrial applications was deducted to be between 0.022 and 0.179 nm.

scholarly journals Industrial Ladle Furnace Slag Composition Analysis with Optical Emissions from the Arc

2020 ◽  
Vol 60 (9) ◽  
pp. 1985-1992
Author(s):  
Henri Pauna ◽  
Matti Aula ◽  
Jonas Seehausen ◽  
Jens-Sebastian Klung ◽  
Marko Huttula ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Slag Composition ◽  
Composition Analysis ◽  
Ladle Furnace ◽  
Optical Emissions ◽  
Furnace Slag

scholarly journals Determination of the mass fraction of potassium and sodium oxides in the dust of electric furnace filters by atomic emission spectrometry with inductively coupled plasma

2020 ◽  
pp. 62-66
Author(s):  
V. A. Makarov ◽  
T. K. Savosteenko
Keyword(s):  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Mass Fraction ◽  
Atomic Emission ◽  
Electric Arc ◽  
Atomic Emission Spectrometry ◽  
Emission Spectrometry ◽  
Electric Arc Furnaces ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Arc Furnaces

A method of measuring the mass fraction of potassium and sodium oxides in the dust filters of electric arc furnaces by atomic emission  spectrometry  with  the  inductively  coupled  plasma  (AES-ICP)  was  developed.  Possibilities  of  atomic  emission spectrometers of iCAP series for determination of potassium and sodium in dust of filters of electric arc furnaces are investigated.A method for converting potassium and sodium oxides into solution is proposed. Calibration of the spectrometer was carried out on aqueous solutions with a known concentration of potassium and sodium. For the preparation of calibration solutions, chemically pure potassium and sodium salts were used. Analytical lines of potassium and sodium free from spectral overlays are selected.A good correlation of calibration graphs is obtained. The developed technique is used to determine the mass fraction of potassium and sodium oxides in the dust filters of electric furnaces. Validation of the methodology was carried out. The repeatability of the results was compared with the repeatability of the standardized methodology. iCAP series spectrometers can be used to determine the mass of potassium and sodium oxides in gas cleaning dust.s cleaning dust.

scholarly journals Development of a Mass and Energy Balance Model and Its Application for HBI Charged EAFs

Metals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 311
Author(s):  
Niloofar Arzpeyma ◽  
Rutger Gyllenram ◽  
Pär G. Jönsson
Keyword(s):  
Energy Balance ◽  
Slag Composition ◽  
Electricity Consumption ◽  
Electric Arc ◽  
Energy Balance Model ◽  
Balance Model ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Metal Oxidation ◽  
Arc Furnaces ◽  
Hot Briquetted Iron

A static mass and energy balance model combined with a MgO saturation slag model is developed for electric arc furnaces. The model parameters including distribution ratios and dust factors are calibrated for a specific furnace using experimental data. Afterward, the model is applied to study the effect of charging different amounts of hot briquetted iron (HBI) on energy consumption, charged slag former amount, and slag composition. The following results were obtained per each 1% increase of HBI additions: (i) a 0.16 Nm3/t decrease in the amount of injected oxygen for metal oxidation, (ii) a 1.29 kWh/t increase in the electricity consumption, and (iii) a 34 kg increase in the amount of the slag.

scholarly journals On-line Analysis of Cr2O3 Content of the Slag in Pilot Scale EAF by Measuring Optical Emission Spectrum of Electric Arc

2017 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 478-486 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matti Aula ◽  
Thorsten Demus ◽  
Thomas Echterhof ◽  
Marko Huttula ◽  
Herbert Pfeifer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emission Spectrum ◽  
Optical Emission ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Electric Arc ◽  
Optical Emission Spectrum ◽  
On Line ◽  
Line Analysis

scholarly journals Optical Emission Spectroscopy as an Online Analysis Method in Industrial Electric Arc Furnaces

2020 ◽  
Vol 91 (11) ◽  
pp. 2000051
Author(s):  
Henri Pauna ◽  
Matti Aula ◽  
Jonas Seehausen ◽  
Jens-Sebastian Klung ◽  
Marko Huttula ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emission Spectroscopy ◽  
Optical Emission Spectroscopy ◽  
Optical Emission ◽  
Electric Arc ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Online Analysis ◽  
Electric Arc Furnaces ◽  
Arc Furnaces

Predicting the Power Consumption during Furnace Charge Melting in Steelmaking Electric Arc Furnaces

Vestnik MEI ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 83-90
Author(s):  
Anatoliy M. Kruchinin ◽  
◽  
Mikhail Ya. Pogrebisskiy ◽  
Elena S. Ryazanova ◽  
Andrey Yu. Chursin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Consumption ◽  
Electric Arc ◽  
Furnace Charge ◽  
Electric Arc Furnaces ◽  
Arc Furnaces

Plasma parameters in atomic-emission spectral analysis of phosphate concentrates of the fission products

2019 ◽  
Vol 85 (2) ◽  
pp. 17-22
Author(s):  
M. I. Khamdeev ◽  
E. A. Erin
Keyword(s):  
Spectral Analysis ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Reference Materials ◽  
Fission Products ◽  
Atomic Emission ◽  
Electric Arc ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Arc Plasma ◽  
Atomic Emission Spectral Analysis ◽  
Excitation Processes

Physical parameters of electric arc plasma as well as their time dependences are calculated when analyzing phosphate precipitates of the fission products of irradiated nuclear fuel. Phosphate concentrates of the fission products are known for their complex chemical composition and high thermal and chemical stability. Hence, direct atomic emission spectral analysis of phosphate powders without transferring them into solutions is advisable. Different conditions of sample preparation and synthesis of the reference materials determine the different chemical forms of the elements to be determined. This, in turn, affects the kinetics of their evaporation in the electrode crate and excitation processes in the plasma. The known mechanisms of those processes cannot always be transferred to specific conditions of the given method of analysis thus entailing the necessity of studying the effect of the samples chemical composition on the results of determination, proper choice of spectroscopic carriers, detailed study of spectra excitation processes in spectral analysis, and analysis of the physical parameters of the electric arc plasma. We used the lines Zn I 307.206 nm and Zn I 307.589 nm to measure the effective temperature of the central hot sections of the arc in a range of4500 - 6500 K. NaCl, BaCl2 and NaCl + T1C1 were studied to reduce the effect of the sample elemental composition on excitation conditions of the spectra and their stabilization as a spectroscopic carrier. In control experiments we used carrier-free samples. The coincidence of the values of the plasma physical parameters within the measurement error not exceeding 20%, as well as the identity of the nature of the kinetic curves for samples of phosphate precipitates and synthetic reference materials prove their correctness. The result of the study substantiate correctness of the direct atomic-emission spectral procedure in analysis of phosphate concentrates of fission when using synthetic reference materials.

scholarly journals Migration of Silver and Copper Nanoparticles from Food Coating

Coatings ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 380
Author(s):  
Hamed Ahari ◽  
Leila Khoshboui Lahijani
Keyword(s):  
Copper Nanoparticles ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Food Packaging ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Optical Emission ◽  
Atomic Emission ◽  
The Body ◽  
Toxic Effects ◽  
Inductively Coupled

Packaging containing nanoparticles (NPs) can increase the shelf life of products, but the presence of NPs may hazards human life. In this regard, there are reports regarding the side effect and cytotoxicity of nanoparticles. The main aim of this research was to study the migration of silver and copper nanoparticles from the packaging to the food matrix as well as the assessment techniques. The diffusion and migration of nanoparticles can be analyzed by analytical techniques including atomic absorption, inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, inductively coupled plasma atomic emission, and inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy, as well as X-ray diffraction, spectroscopy, migration, and titration. Inductively coupled plasma-based techniques demonstrated the best results. Reports indicated that studies on the migration of Ag/Cu nanoparticles do not agree with each other, but almost all studies agree that the migration of these nanoparticles is higher in acidic environments. There are widespread ambiguities about the mechanism of nanoparticle toxicity, so understanding these nanoparticles and their toxic effects are essential. Nanomaterials that enter the body in a variety of ways can be distributed throughout the body and damage human cells by altering mitochondrial function, producing reactive oxygen, and increasing membrane permeability, leading to toxic effects and chronic disease. Therefore, more research needs to be done on the development of food packaging coatings with consideration given to the main parameters affecting nanoparticles migration.

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