Getting Trees Into Farmers’ Fields: Success of Rural Nurseries in Distributing High Quality Planting Material in Cameroon

2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 403-420 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ann Degrande ◽  
Patrick Tadjo ◽  
Bertin Takoutsing ◽  
Ebenezar Asaah ◽  
Alain Tsobeng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Quality ◽  
Planting Material

scholarly journals Helping Reforestation in Southeast Asia – The ASEAN-Canada Forest Tree Seed Centre Project

1990 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 246-249 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. B. Case ◽  
B. S. P. Wang
Keyword(s):  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Forest Tree ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Tropical Regions ◽  
Planting Material ◽  
High Quality Seed ◽  
Operational Quantities ◽  
Cooperative Venture ◽  
Tree Seed

The ASEAN-Canada Forest Tree Seed Centre Project is a key development initiative by Canada in addressing the growing deforestation problems in tropical regions. The Centre was established in 1981 as a cooperative venture between Canada and the Association of Southeast Asian Nations to help overcome difficulties in acquiring and producing operational quantities of high quality seed and planting material for regional reforestation programs. The Project entered its second phase in 1989 under the direction of Forestry Canada, Petawawa National Forestry Institute. Phase II of the Project is described in terms of Canada's inputs and the anticipated outputs over the 6-year period, 1989–1995.

scholarly journals Kelayakan Finansial Produksi True Shallot Seed di Indonesia (Studi kasus : Sumatera Utara, Jawa Timur, dan Jawa Tengah) [Financial Feasibility of True Shallot Seed Production in Indonesia (Case Study : North Sumatera, East Java, and Central Java)]

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 289
Author(s):  
Asma Sembiring ◽  
Rini Rosliani ◽  
Sortha Simatupang ◽  
Paulina Evy R ◽  
Sri Rustini
Keyword(s):  
Seed Production ◽  
Climatic Condition ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Potential Yield ◽  
Central Java ◽  
Planting Material ◽  
Financial Feasibility ◽  
Important Crop

<p>Bawang merah merupakan komoditas penting dan bernilai ekonomi tinggi untuk Indonesia. Upaya untuk meningkatkan produktivitas bawang merah sesuai dengan potensi hasilnya terus diupayakan, namun terkendala oleh ketersediaan benih bawang merah bermutu dalam jumlah cukup sepanjang tahun bagi petani. Untuk mengatasi hal tersebut diupayakan dengan memproduksi biji botani bawang merah (true shallot seed =TSS). Penelitian sebelumnya menyatakan penggunaan TSS potensial untuk mengurangi biaya benih dan meningkatkan hasil panen bawang merah. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui kelayakan finansial produksi biji botani bawang merah/TSS di tiga provinsi di Indonesia. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan Juni hingga Desember 2016 di Desa Gurgur, Kecamatan Tampahan, Kabupaten Tobassa, Sumatera Utara, Desa Tulungrejo Kecamatan Bauji Kota Batu, Jawa Timur, dan di Desa Gumeng, Kecamatan Jenawi, Kabupaten Karang Anyar, Jawa Tengah. Analisis data menggunakan analisis biaya usahatani dan pendapatan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa produksi TSS di Sumatera Utara dan Jawa Timur memberikan keuntungan yang sangat baik, yakni sebesar 602,7 juta dan 356,3 juta rupiah dengan nilai R/C berturut-turut 3,44 dan 2,63. Sementara itu produksi TSS di Jawa Tengah mengalami kerugian, dengan nilai kerugian sebesar 184,3 juta rupiah dengan nilai R/C 0,41.</p><p><strong>Keywords</strong></p><p>Kelayakan finansial; TSS; Produksi bawang merah; Analisis usahatani</p><p><strong>Abstract</strong></p><p>Shallot is an important crop that has high economic value for Indonesia. Efforts for increasing shallot productivity to fit its potential yield are continuously pursued. However, these efforts are mostly constrained by the availability of high quality shallot bulb seed and its accessibility to be used by farmers along the year. An alternative planting material that recently has been promoted is the use of true shallot seed (TSS). Preliminary findings suggest a promising potential of TSS use because it may not only reduce the seed costs, but also may increase the yield. The objective of this study was to assess the financial feasibility of TSS production in three provinces of Indonesia. The study was conducted from June to December 2016 in (1) Gurgur Village, Tampahan Subdistrict, Tobassa District, North Sumatera, (2) Tulungrejo Village, Bauji Subdistrict Batu, East Java, and in (3) Gumeng Village, Jenawi Subdistrict, Karang Anyar District, Central Java. Data were analyzed by using an enterprise budget method. The results suggest that TSS production in North Sumatera and East Java provides positive profit as much as IDR 602.7 million (R/C = 3.44) and IDR 356.3 million (R/C = 2.63), respectively. Meanwhile, because of unfavorable climatic condition, TSS production in Central Java experiences a loss as much as IDR 184.3 million, with the R/C of 0.41.</p>

scholarly journals Sanitization of potato varieties from the VIR collection against viruses

2021 ◽  
Vol 181 (4) ◽  
pp. 164-172
Author(s):  
E. S. Bespalova ◽  
M. M. Agakhanov ◽  
S. B. Arkhimandritova ◽  
M. V. Erastenkova ◽  
Yu. V. Uhatova
Keyword(s):  
Solanum Tuberosum ◽  
Apical Meristem ◽  
Multiple Infections ◽  
Meristem Culture ◽  
Close Monitoring ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Potato Plants ◽  
Planting Material ◽  
Potato Collection

Background. VIR’s potato collection is one of the oldest and richest; however, it is constantly exposed to viruses that negatively affect useful agronomic properties of tubers. Close monitoring of the phytosanitary state of potato accessions helps to select the most effective method of therapy for subsequent healing of infected plants and obtaining high-quality planting material.Materials and methods. The research was aimed at improving the health of 18 varieties of Solanum tuberosum L. from the VIR collection. Testing for the presence of viruses was based on the ICA and RTPCR techniques, and the consequent healing was performed using the methods of meristem culture and cryotherapy.Results and conclusions. During the field test of potato plants, PVX, PVS and PVA were found to be the most common viruses. PSTVd was completely absent in all tested accessions. The effectiveness of in vitro healing of potato plants from viruses was assesses using meristem culture. The percentage of healed plants was 0% for PVS, 0% for PVX, 33.4% for PVA, 50% for PLRV, 72.3% for PVY, and 83.4% for PVM. Healing with meristem culture was shown to be the most effective against PVY and PVM. While assessing the effectiveness of post-cryogenic restoration of potato microplants, the level of post-cryogenic regeneration of the shoot tips in potato microplants was determined at 22.3% on average for a sample. The minimum was observed in k-16762 ‘Sagita N’ (5%), and the maximum in k-1378 ‘Marta’ (41.7%). Analysis of the effectiveness of potato recovery from viruses by in vitro cryotherapy showed that the percentage of recovered plants was 100% for PVY, 100% for PVA, 88.9% for PVM, 77.8% for PVS, 44.4% for PVX. Thus, the techniques of apical meristem culture and cryotherapy proved to be effective against PVY, PVA and PVM viruses. However, in the case of multiple infections, it is necessary to combine elements of different healing protocols to increase the effectiveness of the healing procedure. 

scholarly journals Biometric Parameters of Planting Material as a Test Indicator of Success of Pinus silvestris L. Plantations

2021 ◽  
pp. 107-116
Author(s):  
Natalia Sungurova ◽  
◽  
Anna Drochkova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Scots Pine ◽  
Fast Rate ◽  
Forest Site ◽  
Main Task ◽  
Pinus Silvestris ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Standard Size ◽  
Planting Material ◽  
Phases Of Development ◽  
The Relationship

The creation and cultivation of artificial plantations of conifers largely depends on the planting material quality. The paper is devoted to the study of the relationship between the main parameters of planting material of Scots pine (Pinus silvestris L.) with inventory indices of artificial plantations. Forest trials of Scots pine in the Arkhangelsk region, created in a haircap-moss forest site type, were investigated. Seedlings of Scots pine with standard size were divided into large, medium, small according to the diameter of the root cervix in order to set the experiment, which aimed to determine the relationship between the parameters of planting material and characteristics of the forming plantations. The research purpose determined the main task, mainly, to find out from which plants the “trees of the future” (fast-growing large specimens) are laid out. Plants grown from the large seedlings are characterized by the greatest height. This position, in relation to individuals formed from medium and small planting material, is maintained and gradually increases. From the initial phases of development, a kind of mobile equilibrium is established in the studied plantation. All the trees are growing at a very fast rate, but the initial (at the time of planting on the silvicultural area) size of the planting material corresponding to the pine plants that survived in different years on the plantations continues to remain constant. It was found that, the largest number of leaders (47 % of all survived seedlings) grew of the large seedlings by the end of the 2nd age class. Therefore, high-quality soil treatment together with the use of high-quality proportionally developed planting material significantly increases the inventory indices of plants in the stand, and allows getting the target assortments15–20 years earlier.

scholarly journals The Effect of Neutralising Materials on the Reaction of the Peat Substrate Medium when Growing Ball-Rooted Seedlings

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 58-67
Author(s):  
Siarhei Rabko ◽  
Ivan Kimeichuk ◽  
Siarhei Surauyou ◽  
Vasyl Khryk ◽  
Svitlana Levandovska
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Wood Species ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Planting Material ◽  
High Moor ◽  
Milled Peat ◽  
Substrate Ph ◽  
Substrate Medium ◽  
High Moor Peat

The use of various types of neutralising materials in the cultivation of standard planting material of high-quality forest wood species has a significant effect on substrate acidity. Therefore, the study sets a goal to select peat substrates with different dosages of the neutralising component and determine their effect on the reaction of the peat substrate medium. The paper presents the results of the influence of neutralising materials of dolomitic meal and chalk of various doses with the use of mineral fertilisers. Dolomitic meal was used as a neutralising component, the pH of the peat substrate was 6.6 and chalk was 7.5. It was found that when neutralising a peat substrate created based on high-moor milled peat (pH 2.5) with the introduction of dolomitic meal in doses of 2-4 kg/m3 (European spruce), 3-4. 5 kg/m3 (Scots pine), optimal acidity can be achieved in a month. An increase in the concentration of lime material was recorded, which leads to an increase in the neutralisation of the substrate at a dose of 2.5 g and 3.0 g per 125 g of peat. The best indicators were demonstrated by options of doses of 1.5-2.5 g per 125 g of peat for 7-8 days of use and a dose of 3.0 g per 125 g of peat for 5-6 days compared with the control. An increase in the concentration of chalk in the neutralising material from 30% to 70% leads to a faster deoxidation of the substrate (pH 3.2), and an increase in the dosage of chalk increases substrate neutralisation. The electrical conductivity of the substrate at a dosage of 6-8 kg/m3 when applying chalk and dolomitic meal increases by 1.6-2.0 and 1.2-1.4 times, respectively. At the rate of application of 6-10 kg/m3, it has a lesser effect on the change in the electrical conductivity of the high-moor peat, and the introduction of dolomitic meal 2-4.5 kg/m3 into the milled peat during neutralisation does not lead to a change in the electrical conductivity of the peat. This data allows choosing neutralising materials of a certain concentration that will enable the cultivation of standard planting material of European quality and thereby ensure the proper quality of future stands

The effect of corm size and division of the mother corm in gladioli

1981 ◽  
Vol 21 (110) ◽  
pp. 343 ◽  
Author(s):  
ME McKay ◽  
DE Byth ◽  
J Tommerup
Keyword(s):  
Plant Development ◽  
Multiple Shooting ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Storage Tissue ◽  
Flower Production ◽  
Planting Material

The effects of size and division of the mother corm on yield of gladioli inflorescences, corms and cormlets and on inflorescence quality were studied in two experiments in south-east Queensland. Planting with whole large corms resulted in greater inflorescence yield, higher inflorescence quality and gave more high quality inflorescences than planting with smaller corms. Flowering percentage [(number of inflorescences/number of corms planted) x 100] was increased by cutting the large corms, but was reduced by cutting the smaller corms. Inflorescence quality was reduced by cutting corms. Some multiple shooting (greater than one shoot per corm) occurred with whole large corms and increased the flowering percentage, but inflorescence quality was still higher than for the smaller corms, and was acceptable by market standards. The yield of new corms was increased by cutting corms of large or number 3 size, but was reduced by cutting the smaller initial corms. For the large corms, cutting increased the yield of new corms by 93%. The method of cutting corms influenced subsequent plant development. Cutting to remove storage tissue and damage to part of the root initials without damaging the buds, stimulated multiple shooting, increased inflorescence yield, decreased inflorescence quality, and substantially increased the number and weight of new corms. Removal of buds in cutting reduced inflorescence number and corm and cormlet yield. Commercial producers may be able to cut large corms to rapidly propagate new planting material, concurrently with flower production. However, cultivars differ in their response to cutting.

scholarly journals Explants selection and conditions of the donor material cultivation for Callistephus Chinensis (L.) Ness. introduced sorts in vitro introduction with a view to its further use in greening

2019 ◽  
pp. 85-90
Author(s):  
S. Turchyna
Keyword(s):  
Vegetative Reproduction ◽  
Parameters Optimization ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Physical Conditions ◽  
Donor Material ◽  
Planting Material ◽  
Research Material ◽  
Literary Sources

The aim. The technology of cultivating high-quality planting material of Callistephus Chinensis (Callistephus Chinensis (L.) Nees) in vitro has been developed on the basis of planting material parameters optimization taking into account its biological characteristics and its elements have been improved. In particular, a set of biotechnological techniques for the production of self-adhesives, regeneration plants and their adaptation to in vivo conditions have been developed. The data of literary sources of Ukrainian and foreign origins on the reproduction of varieties (Callistephus Chinensis (L.) Nees) in vitro and in notional conditions are studied and generalized. Biotechnology methods, microclonal reproduction in particular, along with fundamental researches, have been widely used in the applied directions of experimental biology. First of all, it is about the plants gene pool preservation, creating the high-quality gardening material and accelerated vegetative reproduction. Research material and methods. 20 varieties of Chinensis Callistephus plants with different important characteristics, origin and application direction were used in our studies. Research results. Six genotypes were selected as a result of studies on the seeds germination of the most decorative varieties of Callistephus Chinensis with different economic and valuable characteristics. These were selected for in vitro introduction in order to accelerate their reproduction. Discussion. For this purpose we collected previously selected 100 seeds in laboratory conditions, at a temperature of 18–20 oC and humidity of 75–80 %. The seeds were collected in a phased manner, namely 10 pieces each and placed in a flask with distilled water for a period of up to 20–30 minutes. After a period of time, seeds with an incomplete germ bag floated up to the surface of the flask and made, respectively, 10 to 30 % for different genotypes of. Conclusions. That is, the optimal physical conditions for donor material cultivation have been selected and the mechanism for selecting the filled seed germs of the studied genotypes has been worked out. Key words: source material, Callistephus Chinensis, varieties, introduction, in vitro, economically valuable signs, genotype.

scholarly journals Analysis of application of biotechnologies to obtain high quality planting material of plants of the Salicaceae Mirb. family in vitro for creation of bioenergy plantations

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Yu. Chornobrov
Keyword(s):  
Plant Material ◽  
Mercury Chloride ◽  
Regeneration System ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Donor Plant ◽  
Professional Journals ◽  
Planting Material ◽  
The Family ◽  
Active Regeneration

In conditions of a sharp reduction in the stocks of traditional fuels, it is important to find new efficient and renewable carbon-neutral energy sources. One of the most promising sources of renewable energy is the biomass of woody plants, in particular the family Willow (Salicaceae Mirb.). Traditionally, Salicaceae plants are propagated by generative and vegetative methods. Microclonal propagation, in contrast to traditional methods of reproduction, allows to obtain genetically homogeneous healthy planting material throughout the year. A significant number of biotechnological publications focus on the development of the optimal protocol for the reproduction of plants of the family Salicaceae, the study of the morphogenetic potential of tissues and optimizing their growth. However, the authors note the individually determined regenerative ability of plant material in vitro, which depends on a number of factors. The purpose of the study is to analyze the results of biotechnological research on the effectiveness (possibility) of obtaining high-quality planting material of plants of the family Salicaceae by tissue in vitro. For this purpose, we used the results of biotechnological studies of plant tissues of the family Salicaceae in vitro by foreign and domestic authors published in professional journals during 2010−2020. Research methods − analysis, comparison, synthesis, generalization. The analysis revealed that the sterilization regime of Salicaceae plant material depends on the type of explant, phenological phase and age of the donor plant. Step-by-step sterilization using mercury chloride, sodium hypochlorite and silver nitrate effectively neutralizes the exogenous biota of woody explants. The stage of active vegetation is the optimal period of isolation of explants. To obtain virus-free regenerating plants, it is advisable to use apical meristems, callus tissue − leaf blades, active regeneration − microshoots. Stable regeneration system, its type, multiplication factor of Salicaceae plants are genetically determined. For the introduction of plants in vitro, active proliferation, rooting, microclonal propagation, it is advisable to use nutrient media according to WPM (McCown & Lloyd, 1981) and MS (Murashige & Skoog, 1962). For regeneration of plants by direct morphogenesis and activation of growth of existing meristems of an explant to apply the environment with cytokinins (BAP (6-benzylaminopurine), kinetin or 2-isopentenyladenine (2-ip), for rooting − with auxins NAA (α-naphthylacetic), IBA (3-indolylbutyric acid) and IAA (β-indolyl-3-acetic acid). Further research is aimed at optimizing the propagation protocols of Salicaceae plants in vitro.

scholarly journals Genotype Screening and Propagation Techniques of Three Selected Medicinal Plant Species for Production of High-Quality Planting Material

Horticulturae ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 570
Author(s):  
Farah Fazwa Md Ariff ◽  
Sures Kumar Muniandi ◽  
Norhayati Saffie ◽  
Syafiqah Nabilah Samsul Bahari ◽  
Zunoliza Abdullah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Pharmaceutical Products ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Medicinal Species ◽  
Natural Habitats ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Herbal Products ◽  
Planting Material

Medicinal plants are a vital source of new bioactive compounds due to their ecological biodiversity and varied chemical properties of each species. Phenotypic selection coupled with the evaluation of genotypes based on the chemical profile can be used for the development of a high-yielding variety. However, most of the raw material that has been used for commercial production of herbal products is mainly derived from wild sources, with little knowledge of the quality of genetic materials. Thus, three medicinal species, Chromolaena odorata (Siam weed), Andrographis paniculata (Creat), and Baeckea frutescens (False ru), were chosen based on their significant benefits to human health. These medicinal species have been traditionally used to treat various illnesses, and have been shown to possess anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, anticancer, and antioxidant properties. This paper highlights the harvesting method and collection of accessions from natural habitats for the selection of superior genotypes. Individual plants having superior phenotypic characteristics and bioactive compounds were identified. We successfully developed appropriate propagation techniques for each species for the mass production of high-yielding planting material. The establishment of breeding activities for these medicinal plants will provide quality raw materials to support the herbal industry in increasing the value of pharmaceutical products. These efforts will also ensure the sustainable production of high-quality planting materials for the establishment of herbal plantations.

scholarly journals The effect of application of different nutrition preparations on height increment of walnut (Juglans regia L.) seedlings

2012 ◽  
pp. 73-81
Author(s):  
Tatjana Ćirković-Mitrović ◽  
Vladan Popović ◽  
Ljiljana Brašanac-Bosanac ◽  
Ljubinko Rakonjac ◽  
Aleksandar Lučić
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Juglans Regia ◽  
Extreme Temperature ◽  
Height Increment ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Planting Material ◽  
Software Packages ◽  
Npk Fertilizer ◽  
High Yielding Varieties

Providing of quality planting material which takes root well after planting, resistant to diseases, pests, stress (drought, extreme temperature, etc.) and grows well in cultures is one of the strategic and preferential tasks of modern forestry. Walnut is a fruit tree important as a founder of various varieties and hybrids, and as a rootstock for high-yielding varieties. It is also of great importance because of high nutritional value of fruit and high quality of stem. For that reason this species has to be introduced into the existing ecosystem and used for afforestation of different habitats. The paper presents results of research on the effect of the controlled decomposing fertilizer Osmocote Exact®, mineral NPK fertilizer Florin 2 and microbiological preparation Bactofil® B 10 on height increment of walnut seedlings. Data analysis was performed by relevant procedures using statistical software packages (SPSS Statistics 17.0). Comparative analysis of height increment of seedlings treated with these preparations and height increment of untreated seedlings, as well as a simple way of application of these preparations by adding them to the substrate, will show the justification of direct application of these types of fertilizers and microbiological preparation in mass production of high quality planting material.

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