scholarly journals Species in the wild: a typology of innovation ecosystems

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrycja Klimas ◽  
Wojciech Czakon
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Thematic Analysis ◽  
Innovation Ecosystem ◽  
Innovation Ecosystems ◽  
Literature Reviews ◽  
In The Wild

AbstractThe purpose of this paper is to offer a comprehensive and useful typology of innovation ecosystems. While recent conceptual efforts have been allocated to delineating innovation ecosystems from other phenomena, much less systematic attention has been given to the diversity found within the innovation ecosystem realm. We run a thematic analysis of systematic literature reviews and collect 34 specific types of innovation ecosystems. We expand this list with criteria-derived complementary types and propose a set of 50 distinct innovation ecosystem varieties. Next, we identify the 14 typology criteria used so far in the literature, thematically analyse them and aggregate them into a set useful for further rigorous scrutiny and for the incremental collection of empirical findings. Innovation ecosystems can thus be categorized into (1) life cycle, (2) structure, (3) innovation focus, (4) scope of activities, and (5) performance.

scholarly journals From governance to choreography: coordination of innovation ecosystems

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Diego Alex Gazaro dos Santos ◽  
Aurora Zen ◽  
Bruno Anicet Bittencourt
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Theoretical Study ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Innovation Ecosystem ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Coordination Strategies ◽  
Innovation Ecosystems ◽  
Support Strategies ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose Innovation ecosystems can emerge and grow organically, but the process can also be managed through conscious intervention. Therefore, this study observes different motivations and expectations for each group of actors. The lack of alignment between actors could have a negative influence on the development of innovation ecosystems. This study aims to analyze the coordination strategies of the actors throughout the life cycle of innovation ecosystems. Design/methodology/approach This study develops and proposes a model for coordinating innovation ecosystems based on the theoretical backgrounds of the ecosystem life cycle and ecosystem coordination. Findings This study argues that each stage of an innovation ecosystem’s life cycle – inception, launching, growth and maturity – demands different coordination strategies. Initially, networks are simpler and thus the coordination issues are less difficult. However, as the ecosystem evolves and the complexity of the networks increases, a more sophisticated strategy, such as orchestration or choreography, is needed. Research limitations/implications This is a theoretical study that recommends further research to test this model. Practical implications The understanding of coordination and stages of the life cycle of an innovation ecosystem can guide actors in the design of strategies for developing of ecosystems. Social implications The proposed framework could support strategies to engage civil society in actions to develop innovation ecosystems. Originality/value This study presents a framework to understand the coordination strategies better, considering the stages of an innovation ecosystem’s life cycle.

scholarly journals Technology transfer 4.0 in Latin American innovation ecosystems

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (17) ◽  
pp. 181-196
Author(s):  
Lorena del Carmen Álvarez-Castañón
Keyword(s):  
Cloud Computing ◽  
Big Data ◽  
Latin America ◽  
Technology Transfer ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Thematic Analysis ◽  
Scientometric Analysis ◽  
Innovation Ecosystem ◽  
Innovation Ecosystems ◽  
Public Resources

This paper analysed the processes of technology transfer 4.0, its conditions and the main transferable technological trends in Latin America. The complexity approach in the ecosystem allowed to explain how the actors or subsystems are (re)adapted or (re)learned based on their interaction without being managed by any specific entity or component. The methodological process consisted of a scientometric analysis, a thematic analysis based on the projects financed with public resources from 2002 to 2018, and an analysis of the innovation ecosystem in the emerging region of the Mexican Bajío. The findings showed the relevance of intermediate organisms in social leadership for technology transfer; big data, IoT and cloud computing are the main technologies 4.0 that are potentially transferable to respond to territorial heterogeneous conditions.

scholarly journals The State of Speech in HCI: Trends, Themes and Challenges

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 349-371 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leigh Clark ◽  
Philip Doyle ◽  
Diego Garaialde ◽  
Emer Gilmartin ◽  
Stephan Schlögl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Speech Production ◽  
Thematic Analysis ◽  
Design Work ◽  
Wizard Of Oz ◽  
Speech Interfaces ◽  
Interface Interaction ◽  
Multiple User ◽  
Speech Interface ◽  
User Attitudes ◽  
In The Wild

AbstractSpeech interfaces are growing in popularity. Through a review of 99 research papers this work maps the trends, themes, findings and methods of empirical research on speech interfaces in the field of human–computer interaction (HCI). We find that studies are usability/theory-focused or explore wider system experiences, evaluating Wizard of Oz, prototypes or developed systems. Measuring task and interaction was common, as was using self-report questionnaires to measure concepts like usability and user attitudes. A thematic analysis of the research found that speech HCI work focuses on nine key topics: system speech production, design insight, modality comparison, experiences with interactive voice response systems, assistive technology and accessibility, user speech production, using speech technology for development, peoples’ experiences with intelligent personal assistants and how user memory affects speech interface interaction. From these insights we identify gaps and challenges in speech research, notably taking into account technological advancements, the need to develop theories of speech interface interaction, grow critical mass in this domain, increase design work and expand research from single to multiple user interaction contexts so as to reflect current use contexts. We also highlight the need to improve measure reliability, validity and consistency, in the wild deployment and reduce barriers to building fully functional speech interfaces for research.RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTSMost papers focused on usability/theory-based or wider system experience research with a focus on Wizard of Oz and developed systems Questionnaires on usability and user attitudes often used but few were reliable or validated Thematic analysis showed nine primary research topics Challenges identified in theoretical approaches and design guidelines, engaging with technological advances, multiple user and in the wild contexts, critical research mass and barriers to building speech interfaces

Entrepreneurship in the digital press: a semantic analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 416-431
Author(s):  
Myriam Martí-Sánchez ◽  
Desamparados Cervantes-Zacarés ◽  
Arturo Ortigosa-Blanch
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Thematic Analysis ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Semantic Analysis ◽  
Word Association ◽  
Innovation Ecosystem ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Media ◽  
The Way

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to analyse how the media addresses entrepreneurship and to identify the attributes linked to this phenomenon. Design/methodology/approach The sample is defined in terms of a linguistic corpus comprised of content related to entrepreneurship drawn from the digital editions of the three most important Spanish economic newspapers for the period 2010–2017. Word association and co-occurrence analyses were carried out. Further, a non-supervised clustering process was used as the basis for a thematic analysis. Findings Correspondence between social and media patterns related to the entrepreneurship phenomenon is revealed by the results. It is shown how attributes such as “success”, “innovation”, “ecosystem” and “woman” appear as very relevant and are linked to different co-occurrence scenarios. Relevant thematic groups are also identified related to lexical associations such as innovation, digital economy and public policies linked to entrepreneurship. Research limitations/implications It is important to emphasise that this study has identified and explored relationships between words, but not their evolution. Furthermore, conclusions cannot be drawn concerning whether there are differences in how each newspaper has dealt with entrepreneurship because of the way the corpus was constructed. Originality/value The study provides empirical evidence that helps to identify the way media approaches entrepreneurship. The authors carried out the analysis on the media contents and not on the perception of the public on the phenomenon.

scholarly journals Serine 229 Balances the Hepatitis C Virus Nonstructural Protein NS5A between Hypo- and Hyperphosphorylated States

2019 ◽  
Vol 93 (23) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chia-Ni Tsai ◽  
Ting-Chun Pan ◽  
Cho-Han Chiang ◽  
Chun-Chiao Yu ◽  
Shih-Han Su ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Nonstructural Protein ◽  
Feedback Regulation ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Serine Residue ◽  
Large Structures ◽  
Phosphorylation Level ◽  
In The Wild

ABSTRACT The nonstructural protein NS5A of hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a phosphorylated protein that is indispensable for viral replication and assembly. We previously showed that NS5A undergoes sequential serine S232/S235/S238 phosphorylation resulting in NS5A transition from a hypo- to a hyperphosphorylated state. Here, we studied functions of S229 with a newly generated antibody specific to S229 phosphorylation. In contrast to S232, S235, or S238 phosphorylation detected only in the hyperphosphorylated NS5A, S229 phosphorylation was found in both hypo- and hyperphosphorylated NS5A, suggesting that S229 phosphorylation initiates NS5A sequential phosphorylation. Immunoblotting showed an inverse relationship between S229 phosphorylation and S235 phosphorylation. When S235 was phosphorylated as in the wild-type NS5A, the S229 phosphorylation level was low; when S235 could not be phosphorylated as in the S235A mutant NS5A, the S229 phosphorylation level was high. These results suggest an intrinsic feedback regulation between S229 phosphorylation and S235 phosphorylation. It has been known that NS5A distributes in large static and small dynamic intracellular structures and that both structures are required for the HCV life cycle. We found that S229A or S229D mutation was lethal to the virus and that both increased NS5A in large intracellular structures. Similarly, the lethal S235A mutation also increased NS5A in large structures. Likewise, the replication-compromised S235D mutation also increased NS5A in large structures, albeit to a lesser extent. Our data suggest that S229 probably cycles through phosphorylation and dephosphorylation to maintain a delicate balance of NS5A between hypo- and hyperphosphorylated states and the intracellular distribution necessary for the HCV life cycle. IMPORTANCE This study joins our previous efforts to elucidate how NS5A transits between hypo- and hyperphosphorylated states via phosphorylation on a series of highly conserved serine residues. Of the serine residues, serine 229 is the most interesting since phosphorylation-mimicking and phosphorylation-ablating mutations at this serine residue are both lethal. With a new high-quality antibody specific to serine 229 phosphorylation, we concluded that serine 229 must remain wild type so that it can dynamically cycle through phosphorylation and dephosphorylation that govern NS5A between hypo- and hyperphosphorylated states. Both are required for the HCV life cycle. When phosphorylated, serine 229 signals phosphorylation on serine 232 and 235 in a sequential manner, leading NS5A to the hyperphosphorylated state. As serine 235 phosphorylation is reached, serine 229 is dephosphorylated, stopping signal for hyperphosphorylation. This balances NS5A between two phosphorylation states and in intracellular structures that warrant a productive HCV life cycle.

The government’s role in creating an innovation ecosystem: the Springfield Armory as hub in the Connecticut River Valley

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 557-579
Author(s):  
Robert C. Ford ◽  
Keenan D. Yoho
Keyword(s):  
River Valley ◽  
Direct Result ◽  
Innovation Ecosystem ◽  
Connecticut River ◽  
Role Of Government ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Innovation Ecosystems ◽  
Depth Analysis ◽  
Connecticut River Valley

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to illustrate, through the example of the Springfield Armory and its role in the development of interchangeable parts, the critical role of government in establishing a cluster of organizations that evolved into an innovation ecosystem primarily located in the Connecticut River Valley in the 1800s. Using the Springfield Armory example, we use the related but largely unjoined concepts of ecosystem and networks to show that these organizational forms are effective in driving innovation. Design/methodology/approach The design uses an in-depth analysis of the role of the Springfield Armory to explicate the joining of network and ecosystem theory as an early example of the importance of governmental funding and support for innovation. Findings The development of interchangeable parts in the American arms industry in the 19th century transformed manufacturing worldwide. At the heart of this transformation was the network of arms makers that developed in the Connecticut River Valley as a direct result of US Government investment and support. This network of arms makers evolved into an ecosystem of mutually reinforcing relationships as machine tool manufacturers benefited from an environment of free-flowing intellectual property, information and growing governmental demand for arms. The Armory illustrates the government’s role in initiating and sustaining clusters of innovation that otherwise might not have developed as quickly. Originality/value Much of the research on the role of government in creating innovation ecosystems and organizational networks is based on modern organizations. This use of the Springfield Armory in the early 1800s broadens the knowledge on how innovation ecosystems in conjunction with networked organizations can be created by governments serving the public good.

scholarly journals Higher Education in Innovation Ecosystems

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 4376 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuzhuo Cai ◽  
Jinyuan Ma ◽  
Qiongqiong Chen
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Innovation Ecosystem ◽  
Innovation Ecosystems ◽  
Definition Of

While higher education has been considered as both an ‘engine’ for innovation and a ‘catalyst’ for sustainability development, the integration of both the ‘innovation engine’ and ‘sustainability catalyst’ roles is best reflected in higher education’s engagement in innovation ecosystems—the theme of this special issue, including 16 articles dealing with the topic from various perspectives. In this editorial, we outline an overarching framework about the relations between higher education and innovation ecosystem. When elaborating the framework, we provide a new definition of innovation ecosystem and identify three roles of university in innovation ecosystems, based on synthesizing relevant literature. The framework could facilitate readers to comprehend each of the collected articles and find synergy among them.

Application of Life Cycle Risk Assessment (LCRA) of Fish to Different Suburban Streams

2010 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yusuke Bando ◽  
Nobuhiko Kikuchi ◽  
Yutaka Sakakibara
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Human Activities ◽  
Field Survey ◽  
Freshwater Fishes ◽  
Habitat Conditions ◽  
Pollution Levels ◽  
Literature Reviews ◽  
Good Agreement

A Life Cycle Risk Assessment (LCRA) proposed in our former study was applied to 12 suburban streams to evaluate crucial stress and habitat conditions for 15 freshwater fishes in Japan. In LCRA, 8 stresses produced by human activities were taken into consideration, referring to the literature. Field survey and literature reviews were conducted to identify the present existence and distributions of corresponding fishes in the streams which have different pollution levels and morphologies. Crucial stresses frequently identified by the LCRA were depletion of dissolved oxygen (DO), disappearances of habitats (e.g. deep and shallow), disappearance of spawning area due to benthic deposition, and existence of obstructions in the streams. Most LCRA results regarding existence or non-existence of 15 fishes were in fairly good agreement with field survey or literature reviews results. From these results, we thought the present LCRA would be a useful tool in assessing crucial stress as well as in evaluating habitat conditions in steams, which could be used for the restoration of steams.

Digital Innovation Ecosystems for Circular Economy: the Case of ICESP, the Italian Circular Economy Stakeholder Platform

2020 ◽  
pp. 2050053
Author(s):  
Pasquale Del Vecchio ◽  
Giuseppina Passiante ◽  
Grazia Barberio ◽  
Carolina Innella
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Circular Economy ◽  
Good Practice ◽  
Extreme Case ◽  
Innovation Ecosystem ◽  
Digital Innovation ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Marketing Model ◽  
Innovation Ecosystems ◽  
Quintuple Helix

An important but unexplored research issue is understanding how digital innovation ecosystem and a quintuple helix model can support the promotion of Circular Economy. Circular Economy, however, is intrinsically linked to the innovation issue. It can occur in a productive and consumption system under the form of a new product, process, organizational or marketing model. In the meantime, the digital innovation ecosystem debate was enriched by the social and environmental sustainability perspectives that are the pillars of the Circular Economy theory. Despite this, the research has failed to achieve full comprehension of digital innovation ecosystems’ dynamics and processes for the Circular Economy, by highlighting the need for deeper understanding. Under the above assumptions, this paper presents the evidence of a single and extreme case study related to the Italian Circular Economy Stakeholder Platform (ICESP). This is shown as good practice of a digital platform for stakeholders’ engagement, supporting the creation of a digital innovation ecosystem focused on the Circular Economy. We conclude by deriving implications for researchers and policy makers’ agendas.

Digital Health Innovation Ecosystems

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gloria Ejehiohen Iyawa ◽  
Marlien Herselman ◽  
Adele Botha
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Digital Health ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Innovation Ecosystem ◽  
Health Innovation ◽  
Innovation Ecosystems ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
Key Participants

The purpose of this paper was to identify key participants, benefits, and challenges of a digital health innovation ecosystem in Namibia. The paper also aimed to identify strategies for implementing digital health innovation ecosystems in Namibia. This is a qualitative study that adopted semi-structured interviews in meeting the objectives of the study. The findings suggest that implementing digital health innovation ecosystems within the Namibian context will result in better processes of delivering healthcare services to patients. However, implementing such an ecosystem would require resources from both academic and governmental organizations. The need for skilled experts for managing the ecosystem would also be required. Hence, adopting the guidelines for implementing a digital health innovation ecosystem in developing countries, the study proposed guidelines which would make a digital health innovation ecosystem work for the Namibian context. The findings of this study can be used by healthcare managers within the Namibian context.

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