scholarly journals Cardiac Tumors: Diagnosis, Prognosis, and Treatment

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rossana Bussani ◽  
Matteo Castrichini ◽  
Luca Restivo ◽  
Enrico Fabris ◽  
Aldostefano Porcari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multimodality Imaging ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Final Diagnosis ◽  
Cardiac Tumors ◽  
Imaging Evaluation ◽  
The Past ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Imaging Approach ◽  
Oncology Practice ◽  
Cardiac Masses

Abstract Purpose of Review Cardiac masses frequently present significant diagnostic and therapeutic clinical challenges and encompass a broad set of lesions that can be either neoplastic or non-neoplastic. We sought to provide an overview of cardiac tumors using a cardiac chamber prevalence approach and providing epidemiology, imaging, histopathology, diagnostic workup, treatment, and prognoses of cardiac tumors. Recent Findings Cardiac tumors are rare but remain an important component of cardio-oncology practice. Over the past decade, the advances in imaging techniques have enabled a noninvasive diagnosis in many cases. Indeed, imaging modalities such as cardiac magnetic resonance, computed tomography, and positron emission tomography are important tools for diagnosing and characterizing the lesions. Although an epidemiological and multimodality imaging approach is useful, the definite diagnosis requires histologic examination in challenging scenarios, and histopathological characterization remains the diagnostic gold standard. Summary A comprehensive clinical and multimodality imaging evaluation of cardiac tumors is fundamental to obtain a proper differential diagnosis, but histopathology is necessary to reach the final diagnosis and subsequent clinical management.

scholarly journals Atrial thrombi or cardiac tumours? The image-challenge of intracardiac masses: a case report

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matteo Castrichini ◽  
Stefano Albani ◽  
Bruno Pinamonti ◽  
Gianfranco Sinagra
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Multimodality Imaging ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Diagnostic Strategy ◽  
Imaging Evaluation ◽  
Cardiac Tumours ◽  
Appropriate Treatment ◽  
Intracardiac Masses ◽  
Cardiac Masses ◽  
Atrial Thrombi

Abstract Background Cardiac masses (CM) encompass a broad set of lesions that can be either neoplastic or non-neoplastic. A stepwise diagnostic strategy through multimodality imaging evaluation is the cornerstone for the appropriate approach. Case summary We report the case of an 83-year-old man presenting at the emergency department for acute heart failure showing bilateral atrial masses without unequivocal aetiological aspects at several imaging techniques, emphasizing the critical aspects in the differential diagnosis. Discussion In the complex field of CM, a proper differential diagnosis is very important in order to start the appropriate treatment; however, sometimes it could be challenging despite a multimodality imaging approach, therefore still requiring histologic examination.

scholarly journals Multimodality imaging in arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-16
Author(s):  
Laura Tapoi ◽  
Alexandra Clement ◽  
Rodica Radu ◽  
Radu Sascau
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Death ◽  
Multimodality Imaging ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Arrhythmogenic Cardiomyopathy ◽  
Prognostic Information ◽  
Care Community ◽  
The Past ◽  
Widespread Availability ◽  
Made In

Arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy, as it has been recently redefi ned, is characterized by progressive myocyte loss with fibrosis and fat infiltration of the myocardium, which finally leads to a broad clinical spectrum ranging from heart failure symptoms to sudden cardiac death. The diagnosis of arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy is challenging particularly because of its heterogeneity in presentation, which varies from focal right ventricular involvement to biventricular or prominent left ventricular phenotype. In the past decades, the development of new electrocardiographic and imaging diagnostic criteria for arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy constituted an important area of research and resulted in the elaboration of the Padua criteria. However, even with the widespread availability of modern imaging techniques, there is still a lack of awareness in the health care community and this pathology persist in being under-or misdiagnosed. Given the limited indication of endomyocardial biopsy for the diagnosis of arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy, one can conclude that the progress that has been made in the last few years in the multimodality imaging field is of utmost importance for the early detection and proper treatment of patients with arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy, providing valuable prognostic information.

scholarly journals AN UNUSUAL CASE OF BIVENTRICULAR HYPERTROPHY: A RARE ADULTHOOD DIAGNOSIS

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosa Lillo ◽  
Angelica Bibiana Delogu ◽  
Gessica Ingrasciotta ◽  
Gianluigi Perri ◽  
Maria Grandinetti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chest Pain ◽  
Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy ◽  
Ventricular Septal Defect ◽  
Unusual Case ◽  
Septal Defect ◽  
Congenital Abnormalities ◽  
Multimodality Imaging ◽  
Final Diagnosis ◽  
Imaging Evaluation ◽  
Anomalous Pulmonary Vein

A woman complaining of dyspnea and chest pain since childhood, was referred to our hospital with an initial diagnosis of biventricular hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Multimodality imaging evaluation revealed massive right ventricular (RV) hypertrophy and severe RV outflow tract obstruction, with a final diagnosis of double chambered RV associated with small ventricular septal defect with right-to-left shunt and right partial anomalous pulmonary vein return. This represents an uncommon combination of congenital abnormalities, extremely rarely diagnosed in adulthood.

scholarly journals Multimodality imaging in carcinoid heart disease

Open Heart ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. e001060 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali M Agha ◽  
Juan Lopez-Mattei ◽  
Teodora Donisan ◽  
Dinu Balanescu ◽  
Cezar A Iliescu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Disease ◽  
Carcinoid Syndrome ◽  
Multimodality Imaging ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Neuroendocrine Neoplasms ◽  
Carcinoid Heart Disease ◽  
Imaging Studies ◽  
Diagnosis And Prognosis ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Integral Role

Neuroendocrine neoplasms arise from the gastrointestinal tract and can lead to carcinoid syndrome. Carcinoid heart disease affects more than half of these patients and is the initial presentation of carcinoid syndrome in up to 20 % of patients. Carcinoid heart disease typically leads to valve dysfunction, but in rare instances, carcinoid tumours can also metastasise to the endocardium and myocardium. Cardiovascular imaging plays an integral role in the diagnosis and prognosis of carcinoid heart disease. The use of multimodality imaging techniques including echocardiography, cardiac MRI, cardiovascular CT and positron emission tomography have allowed for a more comprehensive assessment of carcinoid heart disease. In this review, we discuss the features of carcinoid heart disease observed on multimodality imaging, indications for obtaining imaging studies and their role in carcinoid heart disease management.

scholarly journals Differentiation of Left Atrial Myxomas by Multimodality Imaging

2019 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-63
Author(s):  
Eric Kallstrom ◽  
Elizabeth Kallus ◽  
Krista Erbe ◽  
Michael Rampoldi ◽  
Don Le ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Risks ◽  
Left Atrial ◽  
Cross Correlation ◽  
Multimodality Imaging ◽  
Case Series ◽  
The Body ◽  
Cardiac Tumors ◽  
Rare Occurrence ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Cardiac Masses

A tumor is an excessive growth of cells that results from the body’s inability to balance the growth of new cells and the destruction of old cells. Tumors can occur throughout the body and are classified as either benign or malignant. However, cardiac tumors are a rare occurrence. When present, several imaging modalities are available to illustrate their presence and characteristics. Not all cardiac masses look similar and, depending on their size and location, may pose different health risks to the patient. This case series introduces six left atrial myxomas with dissimilar appearances initially detected by transthoracic echocardiography, along with cross-correlation by transesophageal echocardiography, computed tomography, and mechanical resonance imaging.

Sensitivity of 6-[F-18]fluoro-L-dihydroxyphenylalanine positron emission tomography for localizing tumors causing catecholamine excess

2009 ◽  
Vol 27 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. 11064-11064
Author(s):  
H. Fiebrich ◽  
A. H. Brouwers ◽  
M. N. Kerstens ◽  
M. E. Pijl ◽  
I. P. Kema ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Positron Emission Tomography ◽  
Imaging Modality ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Final Diagnosis ◽  
Emission Tomography ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Mibg Scintigraphy ◽  
Metabolic Burden ◽  
Catecholamine Excess ◽  
Positron Emission

11064 Background: Positron emission tomography (PET) using the catecholamine precursor 6-[F-18]fluoro-L-dihydroxyphenylalanine (18F-DOPA) has emerged as promising technique to localize tumors with catecholamine excess. This study investigated the sensitivity of 18F-DOPA PET, compared to 123I-metaiodobenzylguanidine (123I-MIBG) scintigraphy and computer tomography (CT)/ magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in patients with catecholamine excess. Methods: In a single center prospective study 18F-DOPA PET was compared to 123I-MIBG and CT/MRI in patients with catecholamine excess. The performance of each imaging modality was analyzed for individual patients and individual lesions. 18F-DOPA PET, 123I-MIBG, and CT/MRI were compared using a composite reference standard derived from all available imaging, clinical and histological information. Sensitivities were calculated and discordance between imaging techniques was compared. 18F-DOPA PET uptake was measured to determine whole body metabolic burden. Correlations between 18F-DOPA PET imaging and biochemical data were evaluated. Results: 48 patients were included. The tumor localization was found in 45 patients, 43 with 18F-DOPA PET, 31 with 123I-MIBG and 32 with CT/MRI, resulting with surgery in final diagnosis of pheochromocytoma in 40, adrenal hyperplasia in 2, paraganglioma in 2, ganglioneuroma in 1 and 3 unknown (as yet no lesion detected). Per patient based analysis showed sensitivities for 18F-DOPA PET, 123I-MIBG and CT/MRI of 90, 65 and 67% (P<.01 18F-DOPA PET vs 123I-MIBG, P<.01 18F-DOPA PET vs CT/MRI, P=1.0 123I-MIBG vs CT/MRI). Corresponding sensitivities in the lesion based analysis were 73, 48 and 44%, respectively (P<.001 for both 18F-DOPA PET vs 123I-MIBG and vs CT/MRI, P=.51 123I-MIBG vs CT/MRI). The 8F-DOPA PET+CT/MRI combination was superior to 123I-MIBG+CT/MRI (93 vs 76%, P<.001) Whole body metabolic burden measured with 18F-DOPA PET correlated with plasma free normetanephrine (r=.82) and 24h urinary total normetanephrine (r=.84) and metanephrine (r=.57). Conclusions: The sensitivity of 18F-DOPA PET to localize tumors with catecholamine excess is superior to either 123I-MIBG scintigraphy or CT/MRI. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

scholarly journals Emerging techniques in atherosclerosis imaging

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maaz B.J. Syed
Keyword(s):  
Disease Burden ◽  
Russian Translation ◽  
Multimodality Imaging ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Emission Tomography ◽  
Tomography Scanners ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Prediction ◽  
Vascular Beds ◽  
Atherosclerosis Imaging

Atherosclerosis is a chronic immunomodulated disease that affects multiple vascular beds and results in a significant worldwide disease burden. Conventional imaging modalities focus on the morphological features of atherosclerotic disease such as the degree of stenosis caused by a lesion. Modern CT, MR and positron emission tomography scanners have seen significant improvements in the rapidity of image acquisition and spatial resolution. This has increased the scope for the clinical application of these modalities. Multimodality imaging can improve cardiovascular risk prediction by informing on the constituency and metabolic processes within the vessel wall. Specific disease processes can be targeted using novel biological tracers and smart contrast agents. These approaches have the potential to inform clinicians of the metabolic state of atherosclerotic plaque. This review will provide an overview of current imaging techniques for the imaging of atherosclerosis and how various modalities can provide information that enhances the depiction of basic morphology. This publication is the reprint with Russian translation from original: Syed MBJ, Fletcher AJ, Forsythe RO, Kaczynski J, Newby DE, Dweck MR, et al. Emerging techniques in atherosclerosis imaging. Br J Radiol 2019; 92: 20180309. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1259/bjr.20180309

scholarly journals Multimodality Imaging in the Diagnosis of Prosthetic Valve Endocarditis: A Brief Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maxwell D. Eder ◽  
Krishna Upadhyaya ◽  
Jakob Park ◽  
Matthew Ringer ◽  
Maricar Malinis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infective Endocarditis ◽  
Prosthetic Valve ◽  
Multimodality Imaging ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Prosthetic Valve Endocarditis ◽  
Computed Tomographic Angiography ◽  
Computed Tomographic ◽  
Duke Criteria ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Leukocyte Scintigraphy

Infective endocarditis is a common and treatable condition that carries a high mortality rate. Currently the workup of infective endocarditis relies on the integration of clinical, microbiological and echocardiographic data through the use of the modified Duke criteria (MDC). However, in cases of prosthetic valve endocarditis (PVE) echocardiography can be normal or non-diagnostic in a high proportion of cases leading to decreased sensitivity for the MDC. Evolving multimodality imaging techniques including leukocyte scintigraphy (white blood cell imaging), 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET), multidetector computed tomographic angiography (MDCTA), and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMRI) may each augment the standard workup of PVE and increase diagnostic accuracy. While further studies are necessary to clarify the ideal role for each of these imaging techniques, nevertheless, these modalities hold promise in determining the diagnosis, prognosis, and care of PVE. We start by presenting a clinical vignette, then evidence supporting various modality strategies, balanced by limitations, and review of formal guidelines, when available. The article ends with the authors' summary of future directions and case conclusion.

scholarly journals Emerging techniques in atherosclerosis imaging

2019 ◽  
Vol 92 (1103) ◽  
pp. 20180309 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maaz BJ Syed ◽  
Alexander J Fletcher ◽  
Rachael O Forsythe ◽  
Jakub Kaczynski ◽  
David E Newby ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vessel Wall ◽  
Disease Burden ◽  
Multimodality Imaging ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Emission Tomography ◽  
Tomography Scanners ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Prediction ◽  
Vascular Beds ◽  
Atherosclerosis Imaging

Atherosclerosis is a chronic immunomodulated disease that affects multiple vascular beds and results in a significant worldwide disease burden. Conventional imaging modalities focus on the morphological features of atherosclerotic disease such as the degree of stenosis caused by a lesion. Modern CT, MR and positron emission tomography scanners have seen significant improvements in the rapidity of image acquisition and spatial resolution. This has increased the scope for the clinical application of these modalities. Multimodality imaging can improve cardiovascular risk prediction by informing on the constituency and metabolic processes within the vessel wall. Specific disease processes can be targeted using novel biological tracers and “smart” contrast agents. These approaches have the potential to inform clinicians of the metabolic state of atherosclerotic plaque. This review will provide an overview of current imaging techniques for the imaging of atherosclerosis and how various modalities can provide information that enhances the depiction of basic morphology.

scholarly journals Lung Cancer That Extended to the Left Atrium Through the Pulmonary Vein: A Case Report

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Xu ◽  
Ping Xu ◽  
Ting Ting Wu ◽  
Guo Dong Shang
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Left Atrium ◽  
Pulmonary Vein ◽  
Multimodality Imaging ◽  
Pulmonary Veins ◽  
Primary Lung Cancer ◽  
Cardiac Tumors ◽  
Primary Tumors ◽  
Routine Work ◽  
Cardiac Masses

Abstract Background: Metastatic cardiac tumors have been reported in up to 25% of patients with lung cancer, but detection of cardiac involvement via pulmonary veins is neither uncommon nor easy in the routine work. Case presentation: A 68-year-old woman with primary lung cancer was admitted to the hospital with pain in her left leg for 6 months and hemoptysis for one week. TTE detected that a hyperechoic mass in the left atrium which was come from the left inferior pulmonary vein. The result was confirmed by computed tomography.Conclusions: Multimodality imaging should be advocated in the evaluation of cardiac masses especially for patient who has primary tumors.

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