Diabetes Prevention Programs in Rural North America: a Systematic Scoping Review

There is a worldwide consensus that the prevention of child maltreatment (CM) is critical in promoting children’s safety. Furthermore, a significant part of the prevention efforts targets the children themselves. This scoping review aimed to map the characteristics of CM prevention programs that targeted children by examining studies that described the relevant implemented programs, published in peer-reviewed journals over the last decade. Thirty-one relevant manuscripts were identified from the online databases. The analysis, guided by scoping review guidelines, examined these programs in terms of content, context of delivery, and practitioners involved. A thematic analysis identified the key messages conveyed to the children. The findings showed that the vast majority of programs are school-based and focused on preventing child sexual abuse (CSA) with considerably less attention given to other forms of maltreatment. In addition, most programs did not promote active parental participation. The content descriptions of the CSA prevention programs revealed several common key messages that focused on children’s individual safety skills, specifically recognition, refusal strategies, and disclosure. The discussion addresses the concepts of blame and guilt as crucial to rethinking the CM prevention messages conveyed to children. Key conclusions that were drawn from the current scoping review highlight the need to better align prevention efforts and recent CM research. Additionally, ceiling effects in several studies indicated that children’s participation, as information sources and partners in program development, should be promoted, so that prevention efforts will meet their needs within their various relevant life contexts.

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Simulation in Social Work Education: A Scoping Review

Research on Social Work Practice ◽

10.1177/1049731519885015 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 30 (4) ◽

pp. 433-450 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Toula Kourgiantakis ◽

Karen M. Sewell ◽

Ran Hu ◽

Judith Logan ◽

Marion Bogo

Keyword(s):

Social Work ◽

North America ◽

Best Practices ◽

Scoping Review ◽

Empirical Studies ◽

Objective Structured Clinical Examination ◽

Simulation Studies ◽

Facilitators And Barriers ◽

Work Education ◽

Teaching Implications

Purpose: This article presents a scoping review that synthesized empirical studies on simulation in social work (SW) education. The review maps the research examining characteristics of simulation studies in SW education and emerging best practices. Method: Using Arksey and O’Malley’s scoping review framework to develop the methodology and following the PRISMA-ScR checklist, we selected 52 studies for this review. Results: Most studies were published in North America and included quantitative (37%), qualitative (31%), and mixed methods (33%). Simulation was used to teach generalist and specialized practice with interprofessional practice as the highest area of specialization. Simulation was also used for assessment purposes, and the Objective Structured Clinical Examination was a commonly reported method. We identified several facilitators and barriers to using simulation effectively for teaching and assessment. Conclusions: Our analysis permitted us to identify emerging best practices that can be used to guide teaching. Implications for SW research, teaching, and practice are discussed.

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A scoping review of drought impacts on health and society in North America

Climatic Change ◽

10.1007/s10584-020-02848-6 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Margaret Sugg ◽

Jennifer Runkle ◽

Ronnie Leeper ◽

Hannah Bagli ◽

Andrew Golden ◽

...

Keyword(s):

North America ◽

Scoping Review ◽

Drought Impacts

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Considerations for Evaluation of Diabetes Prevention Programs in Hispanic Adults in the United States

American Journal of Lifestyle Medicine ◽

10.1177/1559827617726503 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 21-24

Author(s):

Jinan Banna

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Diabetes Prevention ◽

Comprehensive Evaluation ◽

Behavioral Outcomes ◽

Prevention Programs ◽

The United States ◽

Validity And Reliability ◽

Attrition Rates ◽

Qualitative And Quantitative ◽

Hispanic Adults

Hispanics are at high risk for diabetes. While there have been a number of diabetes prevention programs targeting Hispanics in the United States, not all recent studies focused on evaluating such programs have made use of validated tools to examine behavior change or examined acceptability and feasibility of the intervention. Tools used to assess behavioral outcomes such as diet should be tested to ensure validity and reliability. Acceptability may be examined using qualitative and quantitative measures to obtain feedback on the content of the intervention. Feasibility of the intervention may be evidenced by the enrollment, attendance, and attrition rates, as well as barriers or facilitators to participating in the program. Appropriate and comprehensive evaluation of such programs will allow for continued improvement of prevention efforts to address high rates of diabetes in this at-risk population.

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Diabetes Prevention Programs

Medical Clinics of North America ◽

10.1016/j.mcna.2010.11.006 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 95 (2) ◽

pp. 353-372 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

A. Ramachandran ◽

C. Snehalatha

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Prevention ◽

Prevention Programs

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Diabetes Prevention for African-Americans: a Scoping Review

Journal of Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities ◽

10.1007/s40615-017-0443-0 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 5 (5) ◽

pp. 947-965 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Erica C. Spears ◽

Margaret J. Foster ◽

Timethia J. Bonner

Keyword(s):

African Americans ◽

Scoping Review ◽

Diabetes Prevention

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Diabetes Prevention in Adolescents: Co-design Study Using Human-Centered Design Methodologies

Journal of Participatory Medicine ◽

10.2196/18245 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (1) ◽

pp. e18245

Author(s):

Julie M Pike ◽

Courtney M Moore ◽

Lisa G Yazel ◽

Dustin O Lynch ◽

Kathryn M Haberlin-Pittz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Prevention ◽

Design Research ◽

Diabetes Prevention Program ◽

Prevention Programs ◽

Lifestyle Changes ◽

Health Concern ◽

Human Centered Design ◽

Design Methodologies ◽

Hands On Learning ◽

Program Characteristics

Background The rise in pediatric obesity and its accompanying condition, type 2 diabetes (T2D), is a serious public health concern. T2D in adolescents is associated with poor health outcomes and decreased life expectancy. Effective diabetes prevention strategies for high-risk adolescents and their families are urgently needed. Objective The aim of this study was to co-design a diabetes prevention program for adolescents by using human-centered design methodologies. Methods We partnered with at-risk adolescents, parents, and professionals with expertise in diabetes prevention or those working with adolescents to conduct a series of human-centered design research sessions to co-design a diabetes prevention intervention for youth and their families. In order to do so, we needed to (1) better understand environmental factors that inhibit/promote recommended lifestyle changes to decrease T2D risk, (2) elucidate desired program characteristics, and (3) explore improved activation in diabetes prevention programs. Results Financial resources, limited access to healthy foods, safe places for physical activity, and competing priorities pose barriers to adopting lifestyle changes. Adolescents and their parents desire interactive, hands-on learning experiences that incorporate a sense of fun, play, and community in diabetes prevention programs. Conclusions The findings of this study highlight important insights of 3 specific stakeholder groups regarding diabetes prevention and lifestyle changes. The findings of this study demonstrate that, with appropriate methods and facilitation, adolescents, parents, and professionals can be empowered to co-design diabetes prevention programs.

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Identifying baseline clinical features of people with COVID-19

10.1101/2020.05.13.20100271 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Daniela Ferreira-Santos ◽

Priscila Maranhao ◽

Matilde Monteiro-Soares

Keyword(s):

Cardiovascular Disease ◽

North America ◽

Cerebrovascular Disease ◽

Clinical Features ◽

Scoping Review ◽

Clinical Characteristics ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Demographic Characteristics ◽

Shortness Of Breath ◽

Different Characteristics

Objectives: To describe baseline clinical characteristics of adult patients with COVID-19. Methods: We conducted a scoping review of the evidence available at LitCovid, until March 23th, 2020, and selected articles that reported the prevalence of socio-demographic characteristics, symptoms and co-morbidities in adults with COVID-19. Results: In total, 1 572 publications were published on LitCovid. We have included 56 articles in our analysis, with 89% conducted in China, and 75% contained inpatients. Three studies were conducted in North America and one in Europe. Participants age ranged from 28 to 70 years, with balanced gender distribution. Proportion of asymptomatic cases were from 2 to 79%. The most common reported symptoms were fever [4-99%], cough [4-92%], dyspnoea/shortness of breath [1-90%], fatigue 4-89%], myalgia [3-65%], and pharyngalgia [2-61%], while regarding co-morbidities we found cardiovascular disease [1-40%], hypertension [0-40%] and cerebrovascular disease [1-40%]. Such heterogeneity impairs the conduction of meta-analysis. Conclusions: The infection by COVID-19 seems to affect people in a very diverse manner and with different characteristics. With the available data it is not possible to clearly identify those at higher risk of being infected with this condition. Furthermore, the evidence from countries other than China is, at the day, too scarce.

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Current ankle sprain prevention and management strategies of netball athletes: a scoping review of the literature and comparison with best-practice recommendations

BMC Sports Science Medicine and Rehabilitation ◽

10.1186/s13102-021-00342-9 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Patrick L. Rowe ◽

Adam L. Bryant ◽

Kade L. Paterson

Keyword(s):

Injury Prevention ◽

Ankle Sprain ◽

Scoping Review ◽

Best Practice ◽

Ankle Instability ◽

Management Strategies ◽

Prevention Programs ◽

Ankle Sprains ◽

Practice Recommendations ◽

Ankle Support

Abstract Background Ankle sprains are the most commonly reported injury in netball. Approximately four in five netball athletes will sustain an ankle sprain, up to half will go on to sustain recurrent ankle sprains, and nine in ten report perceived ankle instability. Historically, prevention and management strategies of ankle sprains and injuries have been investigated for a variety of sports, however, no literature reviews have investigated these in netball athletes, or compared these with current best-practice within the literature. Therefore, this scoping review aims to understand how netball athletes currently prevent and manage ankle sprains and to compare these approaches with best-practice recommendations. Methods A literature search was conducted using MEDLINE, CINAHL, and SPORTDiscus databases using keywords to capture studies with data or information related to the prevention and management of ankle sprains and injuries in netball. Results The search strategy captured 982 studies across all databases, with 30 netball studies included in this scoping review. Studies suggest netball athletes are not commonly referred to health professionals, do not undertake adequate rehabilitation, and almost immediately return to court following an ankle sprain or injury. Current best-practices suggest injury prevention programs and external ankle support effectively reduce ankle sprains and injuries; however, poor compliance and implementation may be a significant barrier. Currently, there is a lack of evidence that netball-specific footwear reduces the risk of ankle sprains. Conclusion The findings suggest netball athletes do not implement current best-practice prevention and management strategies following an ankle sprain. This is despite evidence of the effectiveness of injury prevention programs, external ankle support, and adequate rehabilitation in reducing ankle sprain rates. Current-best practice prevention and management of ankle sprains should be considered by clinicians, coaches, and athletes to reduce the prevalence and chronicity of ankle sprains in netball.

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