Beneficial Effects of Exogenous Selenium in Cucumber Seedlings Subjected to Salt Stress

2009 ◽  
Vol 132 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 259-269 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Hawrylak-Nowak
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Cucumber Seedlings ◽  
Beneficial Effects

MicroRNA and target gene responses to salt stress in grafted cucumber seedlings

2016 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yansu Li ◽  
Chaohan Li ◽  
Longqiang Bai ◽  
Chaoxing He ◽  
Xianchang Yu
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Target Gene ◽  
Cucumber Seedlings

scholarly journals Effect of salt and water stresses on growth, nitrogen and phosphorus metabolism in Cucumis sativus L. seedlings

2011 ◽  
Vol 77 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elżbieta Sacała ◽  
Edward Grzyś ◽  
Anna Demczuk ◽  
Zofia Spiak
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Osmotic Stress ◽  
Cucumis Sativus ◽  
Nitrate Concentration ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Stress Factors ◽  
Fresh Mass ◽  
Nitrate Content ◽  
Cucumber Seedlings ◽  
Nr Activity

Plants exposed to osmotic stress exhibit changes in their physiology and metabolism. In general, osmotic stress reduces water availability and causes nutritional imbalance in plants. In the present study, we compared the response of cucumber (<em>Cucumis sativus</em> L. var. Władko F-1) to ionic (100 mmol•dm-3 NaCl) and osmotic stress (10% PEG 6000). Both stress factors reduced significantly fresh and dry weight of 7-day-old cucumber seedlings. Under PEG treatment reduction of cucumber dry mass was lesser than in fresh mass, whereas under salt stress decrease in dry weight of cucumber shoots was more pronounced than in fresh mass. Salt stress caused severe decrease in nitrate concentration and activity of nitrate reductase (NR). In cotyledons nitrate content declined to 17% of the control and similar reduction in NR activity was observed. In the roots, observed changes were not so drastic but there was also strong interaction between reduction in nitrate content and NR activity. Under 10% PEG both nitrate concentration and NR activity in cucumber roots were significantly higher in comparison to control plants. In cotyledons NR activity was significantly lower than in control plants, while decrease in nitrate content was not statistically significant. Phosphate concentration did not change significantly in cucumber cotyledons but increased in roots treated both NaCl (32% increase) and PEG (53% increase). Similar tendencies were observed in acid phosphatase activity. Obtained results indicated that osmotic and salt stresses evoke differential responses, particularly in growth reduction and nitrogen metabolism in cucumber seedlings.

Response of water balance and nitrogen assimilation in cucumber seedlings to CO2 enrichment and salt stress

2019 ◽  
Vol 139 ◽  
pp. 256-263 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuhao Li ◽  
Yiman Li ◽  
Xinrui He ◽  
Qingming Li ◽  
Binbin Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Water Balance ◽  
Nitrogen Assimilation ◽  
Co2 Enrichment ◽  
Cucumber Seedlings

scholarly journals Isolation and Characterization of a Class III Peroxidase cDNA from Cucumber under Salt Stress

2014 ◽  
Vol 139 (5) ◽  
pp. 529-536
Author(s):  
Huai-Fu Fan ◽  
Wen Chen ◽  
Zhou Yu ◽  
Chang-Xia Du
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Sequence Similarity ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Class Iii ◽  
Salt Treatment ◽  
High Sequence Similarity ◽  
Coding Sequence ◽  
Cucumber Seedlings ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
Typical Sequence

Salt stress reduces the fresh weight, dry weight, and relative growth rate of cucumber (Cucumis sativus) seedlings and results in serious quality loss in cucumber production. Our previous study indicated that the netting-associated peroxidase (CsaNAPOD) protein in cucumber seedling roots was induced by salt stress. Here, we amplified the coding sequence of CsaNAPOD from a cDNA isolated from the roots of cucumber seedlings. Sequence analysis indicated that the coding sequence of CsaNAPOD is 1035 bp, encoding a deduced protein of 344 amino acids, with a predicated molecular weight of 37.2 kD and theoretical isoelectric point of 5.64. The deduced amino acid sequence of CsaNAPOD showed high sequence similarity to peroxidases (PODs) from other plant species. Moreover, CsaNAPOD possesses the typical sequence structures of class III PODs and indicated that CsaNAPOD belongs to this subfamily. CsaNAPOD was highly expressed in the roots and was weakly expressed in the stems and leaves of cucumber seedlings. Salt stress significantly increased the expression of CsaNAPOD in the leaves during the entire experimental period compared with the control, and the expression of CsaNAPOD in roots was reduced at 6 hours and induced at 48 and 72 hours by salt treatment. In stems, the expression of CsaNAPOD declined at 48 and 72 hours as a result of the salt treatment compared with the control. These results indicate that the expression of CsaNAPOD responded to salt stress in cucumber seedlings, and the expression patterns under salt stress in different tissues were not identical. Our research suggests that CsaNAPOD may have potential function during the plant response to salt stress.

scholarly journals Applying Spermidine for Differential Responses of Antioxidant Enzymes in Cucumber Subjected to Short-term Salinity

2010 ◽  
Vol 135 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chang-Xia Du ◽  
Huai-Fu Fan ◽  
Shi-Rong Guo ◽  
Takafumi Tezuka
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Salt Stress ◽  
Free Radical ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Nacl Stress ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Cucumber Seedlings ◽  
Native Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Leaves And Roots

To examine whether spermidine (SPD) modifies plant antioxidant enzyme expression in response to short-term salt stress, cucumber (Cucumis sativus) seedlings were treated with NaCl in the presence or absence of SPD for 3 days. Compared with untreated control plants, free radical production and malondialdehyde content in leaves and roots increased significantly and plant growth was suppressed under 50 mm NaCl stress. Exogenous SPD sprayed on leaves at a concentration of 1 mm alleviated salinity-mediated growth reduction. Salt stress caused a consistent increase in soluble protein content, as well as peroxidase (POD) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities in cucumber seedlings. By native polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, five POD isozymes were detected in cucumber seedling leaves, and seven in roots. We detected five SOD isozymes in leaves and four in roots, and two catalase (CAT) isozymes in leaves and two in roots. Our results indicate that salt stress induced the expression of POD and SOD isozymes in cucumber seedlings, but inhibited the expression of CAT isozymes in roots. Application of exogenous SPD further increased POD and SOD expression and activity, and led to the differential regulation of CAT in leaves and roots. These data show that antioxidant enzymes, especially POD and SOD, appear to protect cucumber seedlings against stress-related damage, and they appear to function as the molecular mechanisms underlying the response of cucumber seedlings to salinity. Moreover, SPD has potential to scavenge directly free radical and to alleviate growth inhibition and promote the activity and expression of antioxidant system enzymes in cucumber seedlings under short-term salt stress.

scholarly journals Effect of Nitric Oxide on Proline Metabolism in Cucumber Seedlings under Salinity Stress

2012 ◽  
Vol 137 (3) ◽  
pp. 127-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huai-Fu Fan ◽  
Chang-Xia Du ◽  
Shi-Rong Guo
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Salt Stress ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Nacl Stress ◽  
The Other ◽  
Nacl Solution ◽  
Potential Growth ◽  
No Donor ◽  
Entire Treatment Period ◽  
Cucumber Seedlings

Nitric oxide (NO), an endogenous signaling molecule in plants and animals, mediates responses to abiotic and biotic stresses. This study was conducted in a nutrient solution to investigate 1) the effects of exogenous sodium nitroprusside (SNP), an NO donor, on free proline (Pro) and protein content; and 2) the enzymes involved in Pro metabolism [pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthetase (P5CS) and proline dehydrogenase (PDH)] in cucumber (Cucumis sativus) seedling leaves and roots under NaCl stress. The results showed that the increases in free Pro and protein were significantly higher in the 50 mm NaCl solution but highly significant with the addition of 100 μM SNP to the 50 mm NaCl solution for the entire treatment period. Moreover, leaves maintained higher levels of free Pro and protein content than roots throughout the experiments. The P5CS activity increased in the saline treatment compared with the control, and this increase was greater in the 50 mm NaCl + 100 μM SNP solution than in the other treatments. On the other hand, the PDH activity was inhibited under NaCl stress but the reduction in activity was greater in the 50 mm NaCl + 100 μM SNP solution than in the others. These findings suggest that Pro metabolism was significantly altered during the exogenously applied NO under salt stress and that this alteration prompted the accumulation of higher levels of free Pro, which, in turn, maintained the turgor in the cucumber seedlings and helped protect them from salt stress. Moreover, the toxic effects generated by 50 mm NaCl were partially overcome by the application of NO, which could be used as a potential growth regulator to improve plant salinity tolerance. Therefore, it was concluded that NO could alleviate salinity damage in cucumber seedlings by regulating Pro metabolism. Overall, the adverse effects of salt stress could be lessened by the exogenous application of NO to cucumber seedlings.

scholarly journals Effects of polyploidy on response ofDunaliella salinato salinity

2019 ◽  
Vol 99 (5) ◽  
pp. 1041-1047 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatemeh Soltani Nezhad ◽  
Hakimeh Mansouri
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Salt Stress ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Algal Growth ◽  
Colchicine Treatment ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Ploidy Levels ◽  
Beneficial Effects

AbstractIn this study, polyploidy level was determined by flow cytometry analysis. The effect of polyploidy by colchicine treatment was examined on the growth parameters, malondealdehyde (MDA), as well as activities of antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and peroxidase (POD) in response to different levels of salinity inDunaliella salina. The results of algal growth indicated that 3 M NaCl was the optimal concentration of salt, since the highest enhancement in fresh and dry weight, chlorophyll and carotenoids, soluble sugar, glycerol, protein and starch content was observed in comparison to other concentrations. The amount of these metabolites declined in the concentrations under optimum salinity. The least and highest amounts of MDA were observed at 1 and 4 M NaCl respectively. Polyploidy in optimum concentration of salt, caused further increment of the above growth parameters. In relation to this, in most cases, treatment of 0.1% colchicine was most effective. The beneficial effects of polyploidy in non-optimal conditions were also found in some parameters such as biomass, chlorophyll, carotenoids, proteins and starch. Furthermore, the activity of antioxidant enzymes CAT, SOD and POD showed a positive significant correlation with salt stress and these were maximized at 4 M NaCl. Polyploidy (especially colchicine 0.1%) affected activity of these antioxidant enzymes in some concentrations of salt. Overall, our results suggest that the microalgae has significantly different responses to salt stress based on ploidy levels.

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