How to Stop a Fight - A Qualitative Video Analysis of How Third-parties De-escalate Real-life Interpersonal Conflicts in Public

Objective: While previous research agrees that third-parties often manage to de-escalate interpersonal conflicts when they intervene, we still know little about how they achieve this influence. The aim of the current study is to address this gap in the literature by investigating how third-parties de-escalate conflicts. Method: We conduct a two-part qualitative analysis of CCTV footage of 48 real-life conflicts from the streets of Amsterdam. The first part consists of an inductive analysis of CCTV-footage investigating the typical sequence of de-escalatory interventions. The second part consists of a deductive coding based on the findings from part 1 of the analysis. Results: We identify an ideal-typical model of de-escalation consisting of three phases: objection, separation, and placation. This model describes how third-parties adapt their intervention to the reaction of the antagonists of the conflict through a contingency principle: when the current phase of intervention fails to de-escalate the conflict, the third-party proceeds to the following phase of the model. We also identify observable intervention behaviors that are characteristic of each of the three phases. Conclusions: The findings demonstrate that there is not one way to de-escalate a conflict, but rather that third-parties are successful because they adapt their intervention to the situation at hand. The findings of this study imply that if we want to get closer to understanding when third-party interventions are effective, we need to acknowledge the complexity of these interventions and move beyond the action/inaction dichotomy.

Prevalence and prevention of orthodontically induced dental resorption

Since 1914, when Ottolengui first described it, dentists and patients have been tormented with root resorption, an unwanted but typical sequence of orthodontic mechanotherapeutics. It has been demonstrated that among other potentially hazardous chemicals, the orthodontic equipment employed has a considerable impact on root repair. The‏‏‎ root‏‏‎ repair‏‏‎ process‏‏‎ is‏‏‎ highly‏‏‎ linked‏‏‎ to‏‏‎ periodontal‏‏‎ ligament‏‏‎ necrosis‏‏‎ damage.‏‏‎ When‏‏‎ intense‏‏‎ orthodontic‏‏‎ pressures‏‏‎ are‏‏‎ applied‏‏‎ for‏‏‎ an‏‏‎ extended‏‏‎ length‏‏‎ of‏‏‎ time‏‏‎,‏‏‎ hyalinization‏‏‎ of‏‏‎ the‏‏‎ underlying‏‏‎ periodontal‏‏‎ ligament‏‏‎ can‏‏‎ occur‏‏‎ quickly.‏‏‎ Protective‏‏‎ leukocytes‏‏‎ from‏‏‎ periodontal‏‏‎ ligament‏‏‎ capillaries‏‏‎ mix‏‏‎ quickly‏‏‎ with‏‏‎ osteoclast‏‏‎ progenitors‏‏‎ to‏‏‎ create‏‏‎ cells‏‏‎ with‏‏‎ high-density‏‏‎ genes‏‏‎ capable‏‏‎ of‏‏‎ regenerating‏‏‎ mineral‏‏‎ tissue‏‏‎.‏‏‎ External‏‏‎ apical‏‏‎ root‏‏‎ repair‏‏‎ begins‏‏‎ when‏‏‎ a‏‏‎ protective‏‏‎ layer‏‏‎ of‏‏‎ cementoblasts‏‏‎ including‏‏‎ the‏‏‎ hyalinized‏‏‎ periodontal‏‏‎ ligament,‏‏‎ dies,‏‏‎ allowing‏‏‎ odontoclasts‏‏‎ to‏‏‎ rebuild‏‏‎ cement‏‏‎ and‏‏‎ teeth.‏‏‎ Initially,‏‏‎ a‏‏‎ cemented‏‏‎ protective‏‏‎ layer‏‏‎ is‏‏‎ lost,‏‏‎ exposing‏‏‎ a‏‏‎ green‏‏‎ cement‏‏‎ surface‏‏‎ to‏‏‎ odontoclastic‏‏‎ assaults‏‏‎.‏‏‎ On the other hand, the maxillary second premolar exhibited more excellent root rates in Asians than in Caucasians. The data were taken as evidence that specific races such as Asians were less likely than longer roots to be involved in root repair or were impacted by mutant morphology. In addition, radiographic examination of intermediate IOPAR therapy can detect at-risk teeth and suggest the necessity for appropriate rest to improve performance or anatomical structure. Treatment of afflicted individuals should be continued with caution and proper use of high-intensity light while avoiding movements linked with re-screening such as ingesting.

Simultaneous Measurement of Changes in Neutrophil Granulocyte Membrane Potential, Intracellular pH, and Cell Size by Multiparametric Flow Cytometry

Neutrophils provide rapid and efficient defense mechanisms against invading pathogens. Upon stimulation with proinflammatory mediators, including complement factors and bacterial peptides, neutrophils respond with cellular changes in their membrane potential, intracellular pH, and cellular size. This study provides an approach to quantify these changes simultaneously using multiparametric flow cytometry, thereby revealing a typical sequence of neutrophil activation consisting of depolarization, alkalization, and increase in cellular size. Additionally, the time resolution of the flow cytometric measurement is improved in order to allow changes that occur within seconds to be monitored, and thus to enhance the kinetic analysis of the neutrophil response. The method is appropriate for the reliable semiquantitative detection of small variations with respect to an increase, no change, and decrease in those parameters as demonstrated by the screening of various proinflammatory mediators. As a translational outlook, the findings are put into context in inflammatory conditions in vitro as well as in a clinically relevant whole blood model of endotoxemia. Taken together, the multiparametric analysis of neutrophil responsiveness regarding depolarization, alkalization, and changes in cellular size may contribute to a better understanding of neutrophils in health and disease, thus potentially yielding innovative mechanistic insights and possible novel diagnostic and/or prognostic approaches.

Uniform Regularity of Set-Valued Mappings and Stability of Implicit Multifunctions

We propose a unifying general (i.e. not assuming the mapping to have any particular structure) view on the theory of regularity and clarify the relationships between the existing primal and dual quantitative sufficient and necessary conditions including their hierarchy. We expose the typical sequence of regularity assertions, often hidden in the proofs, and the roles of the assumptions involved in the assertions, in particular, on the underlying space: general metric, normed, Banach or Asplund. As a consequence, we formulate primal and dual conditions for the stability properties of solution mappings to inclusions Comment: 24 pages

Identifying biases and their potential solutions in human microbiome studies

Advances in DNA sequencing technology have vastly improved the ability of researchers to explore the microbial inhabitants of the human body. Unfortunately, while these studies have uncovered the importance of these microbial communities to our health, they often do not result in similar findings. One possible reason for the disagreement in these results is due to the multitude of systemic biases that are introduced during sequence-based microbiome studies. These biases begin with sample collection and continue to be introduced throughout the entire experiment leading to an observed community that is significantly altered from the true underlying microbial composition. In this review, we will highlight the various steps in typical sequence-based human microbiome studies where significant bias can be introduced, and we will review the current efforts within the field that aim to reduce the impact of these biases.

Neoplasia intraepitelial endometrial: una lesión precursora de cáncer de endometrio

Endometrial cancer represents worldwide the sixth most common malignant pathology in the female population, the endometroid type constitutes the most common form, usually developed from a typical sequence of endometrial hyperplasia secondary to sustained exposure to unopposed estrogens balanced by progestogens. Different classification systems for endometrial hyperplasia have been described, the most recent, published by the World Health Organization in 2014, proposes two categories: 1) hyperplasia without atypia, and 2) atypical hyperplasia or endometrial intraepithelial neoplasia. This classification avoids confusion due to the different terms in use and reflects a better understanding of the pathology behavior. Atypical hyperplasia or endometrial intraepithelial neoplasia is considered a precursor lesion to endometrial carcinoma type I. Health professionals must handle standardized terminology, accurately diagnose this entity, and ensure proper treatment of it. Keywords: Endometrial intraepithelial neoplasia, Endometrial hyperplasia, Atypical hyperplasia, Endometrial cancer.

Structure Identification and Quality Assessment of Laccase (Lac InaCC) from Neurospora crassa by Using a Structure Prediction

Laccases are multi-copper oxidase enzyme, developed for being applied widely. The laccase gene in this study was isolated from local isolates of Neurospora crassa (LAC inaCC). The structure of this enzyme has not been known and there is no laccase structure of Neurospora crassa based on protein structure development in database. Here, we aimed to analyze the characteristics of the sequence and prediction structure, the structure quality after refinement through the molecular dynamics (MD) simulation method. LAC inaCC has been identified with typical sequence motifs (HWH, HSH, HXXH) which played role in copper-binding on 274(HWH)G-DG-T-CP on CBL-1, 314GT-WY(HSH)FS-QYG-G on CBL-2, and 607HPIHL on CBL-3. The four copper atoms have an important role in the catalytic activity. LAC inaCC is a multi-subunit enzyme consisted of three functional domains with structural motifs of Greek-key β barrel which is typical structure motif. Refinement in the prediction structure through the MD simulation showed that this method was proven to be able to improve the structure quality. The increase on the most favoured area on Ramachandran plot, clashcore percentile score, and molprobity score showed that the laccase structure headed to conformation change, to be more stable conformation with better resolution compared to earlier prediction structure.

A case of atopic dermatitis with a severe resistant course in adult patient with atopic march

Introduction. The atopic march is the natural course of development of atopy symptoms. It is characterized by a typical sequence of development of clinical symptoms of atopic disease, when some symptoms become more significant, others are recede. Timely allergological diagnostics with the identification of causal allergens allows to preventor suspend the atopic march. Purpose of the study was to demonstrate the stages of the atopic march formation and clinical manifestations of atopy, the importance of on timely detection of causal allergens, the capability of modern diagnostics and treatment of severe resistant forms of allergic diseases.

Fast CNN Stereo Depth Estimation through Embedded GPU Devices

Current CNN-based stereo depth estimation models can barely run under real-time constraints on embedded graphic processing unit (GPU) devices. Moreover, state-of-the-art evaluations usually do not consider model optimization techniques, being that it is unknown what is the current potential on embedded GPU devices. In this work, we evaluate two state-of-the-art models on three different embedded GPU devices, with and without optimization methods, presenting performance results that illustrate the actual capabilities of embedded GPU devices for stereo depth estimation. More importantly, based on our evaluation, we propose the use of a U-Net like architecture for postprocessing the cost-volume, instead of a typical sequence of 3D convolutions, drastically augmenting the runtime speed of current models. In our experiments, we achieve real-time inference speed, in the range of 5–32 ms, for 1216 × 368 input stereo images on the Jetson TX2, Jetson Xavier, and Jetson Nano embedded devices.

The Boundary Layer and its Response to External Forcing at Summit Station Greenland

<p>The ICECAPS field program (Integrated Characterization of Energy, Clouds, Atmospheric State and Precipitation at Summit) has operated at Summit Station (over 3000 m ASL) since the spring of 2010 with a broad range of instruments to study the role of clouds and precipitation over the Greenland Ice Sheet (GIS).  In addition, a high-resolution minisodar has been operated nearby since 2008 (initially as part of an ice-atmosphere chemical exchange study).  The sodar provides detailed views of the thermodynamic structure of the boundary layer from 2 to 160 m above the surface. Several other collaborating programs support additional boundary-layer measurements such as broadband radiation and turbulent flux measurements. The sodar has proven useful in the interpretation of chemical interactions with the snow surface and underlying firn as well as comparisons of boundary layer depth estimators (Van Dam et al, 2013, 2015).  In addition it has documented the response of the boundary layer to changing cloud forcing (Shupe et al. 2013).  In addition, it has been used to study the wintertime boundary layer with super-cooled fog layers present (Cox et al, 2019).  Additional observations have added to an already rich data set, such as those of stable water vapor isotopes (e.g. Berkelhammer et al. 2016). </p><p>As in the 2012 melt episode that encompassed nearly the entire ice sheet, atmospheric rivers (ARs) bring moisture from the south along the coasts of Greenland and have been increasing (Mattingly et al., 2018; Neff 2018).  We will present a climatology from 2000 to 2012 of ARs some of which are associated with increased transport of moisture from the subtropics at times in concert with hurricanes and tropical storms that follow the same path.  This climatology reveals a distinct low-high pressure pattern spanning from NE Canada to the central Atlantic: the boundary between these systems provides the pathway for moisture to flow from the subtropics.  In this presentation will describe the characteristic cloud/clear skies sequence and accompanying boundary layer structure at Summit Station during these events.  A typical sequence is one of ARs trapped along the west coast and then spreading moisture over the GIS in subsequent days.</p><p>To understand the origin of the moisture arriving at Summit Station we also carried out back trajectory analyses that show connections to both ARs and extratropical remnants of hurricanes that follow the same path to Greenland.  Of particular interest will be the boundary layer behavior during the dramatic melt episodes of June and then July 2019 that had their origins in heat waves off of Africa and over Europe. </p><p> </p>