Risk factors for inappropriate opioid use among New York City residents

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefanie A. Joseph ◽  
Yueh-Hsiu Mathilda Chiu ◽  
Kathlene Tracy
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
New York ◽  
New York City ◽  
York City ◽  
Opioid Use

scholarly journals A risk index for COVID-19 severity is associated with COVID-19 mortality in New York City

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wil Lieberman-Cribbin ◽  
Naomi Alpert ◽  
Raja Flores ◽  
Emanuela Taioli
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
New York ◽  
New York City ◽  
York City ◽  
Underserved Populations ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Data Repository ◽  
Severe Illness ◽  
Mortality Data ◽  
Cross Sectional

Abstract Background New York City (NYC) was the epicenter of the COVID-19 pandemic, and is home to underserved populations with higher prevalence of chronic conditions that put them in danger of more serious infection. Little is known about how the presence of chronic risk factors correlates with mortality at the population level. Here we determine the relationship between these factors and COVD-19 mortality in NYC. Methods A cross-sectional study of mortality data obtained from the NYC Coronavirus data repository (03/02/2020–07/06/2020) and the prevalence of neighborhood-level risk factors for COVID-19 severity was performed. A risk index was created based on the CDC criteria for risk of severe illness and complications from COVID-19, and stepwise linear regression was implemented to predict the COVID-19 mortality rate across NYC zip code tabulation areas (ZCTAs) utilizing the risk index, median age, socioeconomic status index, and the racial and Hispanic composition at the ZCTA-level as predictors. Results The COVID-19 death rate per 100,000 persons significantly decreased with the increasing proportion of white residents (βadj = − 0.91, SE = 0.31, p = 0.0037), while the increasing proportion of Hispanic residents (βadj = 0.90, SE = 0.38, p = 0.0200), median age (βadj = 3.45, SE = 1.74, p = 0.0489), and COVID-19 severity risk index (βadj = 5.84, SE = 0.82, p <  0.001) were statistically significantly positively associated with death rates. Conclusions Disparities in COVID-19 mortality exist across NYC and these vulnerable areas require increased attention, including repeated and widespread testing, to minimize the threat of serious illness and mortality.

Clinical and Demographic Risk Factors for COVID-19 during Delivery Hospitalizations in New York City

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Desmond Sutton ◽  
Timothy Wen ◽  
Anna P. Staniczenko ◽  
Yongmei Huang ◽  
Maria Andrikopoulou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
New York ◽  
New York City ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
York City ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Outcome Data ◽  
Demographic Risk ◽  
Demographic Risk Factors ◽  
Zip Code

Objective This study was aimed to review 4 weeks of universal novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) screening among delivery hospitalizations, at two hospitals in March and April 2020 in New York City, to compare outcomes between patients based on COVID-19 status and to determine whether demographic risk factors and symptoms predicted screening positive for COVID-19. Study Design This retrospective cohort study evaluated all patients admitted for delivery from March 22 to April 18, 2020, at two New York City hospitals. Obstetrical and neonatal outcomes were collected. The relationship between COVID-19 and demographic, clinical, and maternal and neonatal outcome data was evaluated. Demographic data included the number of COVID-19 cases ascertained by ZIP code of residence. Adjusted logistic regression models were performed to determine predictability of demographic risk factors for COVID-19. Results Of 454 women delivered, 79 (17%) had COVID-19. Of those, 27.9% (n = 22) had symptoms such as cough (13.9%), fever (10.1%), chest pain (5.1%), and myalgia (5.1%). While women with COVID-19 were more likely to live in the ZIP codes quartile with the most cases (47 vs. 41%) and less likely to live in the ZIP code quartile with the fewest cases (6 vs. 14%), these comparisons were not statistically significant (p = 0.18). Women with COVID-19 were less likely to have a vaginal delivery (55.2 vs. 51.9%, p = 0.04) and had a significantly longer postpartum length of stay with cesarean (2.00 vs. 2.67days, p < 0.01). COVID-19 was associated with higher risk for diagnoses of chorioamnionitis and pneumonia and fevers without a focal diagnosis. In adjusted analyses, including demographic factors, logistic regression demonstrated a c-statistic of 0.71 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.69, 0.80). Conclusion COVID-19 symptoms were present in a minority of COVID-19-positive women admitted for delivery. Significant differences in obstetrical outcomes were found. While demographic risk factors demonstrated acceptable discrimination, risk prediction does not capture a significant portion of COVID-19-positive patients. Key Points

scholarly journals Estimation of HIV Prevalence, Risk Factors, and Testing Frequency among Sexually Active Men Who Have Sex with Men, Aged 18–64 Years—New York City, 2002

2007 ◽  
Vol 84 (2) ◽  
pp. 212-225 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan E. Manning ◽  
Lorna E. Thorpe ◽  
Chitra Ramaswamy ◽  
Anjum Hajat ◽  
Melissa A. Marx ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
New York ◽  
New York City ◽  
York City ◽  
Hiv Prevalence ◽  
Sexually Active ◽  
Testing Frequency ◽  
Sex With Men

Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors Among Immigrant and US-Born Adults in New York City

2021 ◽  
pp. 003335492110075
Author(s):  
Claudia Chernov ◽  
Lisa Wang ◽  
Lorna E. Thorpe ◽  
Nadia Islam ◽  
Amy Freeman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
New York ◽  
New York City ◽  
Health Insurance ◽  
York City ◽  
The United States ◽  
Nutrition Examination Survey ◽  
Health And Nutrition

Objectives Immigrant adults tend to have better health than native-born adults despite lower incomes, but the health advantage decreases with length of residence. To determine whether immigrant adults have a health advantage over US-born adults in New York City, we compared cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors among both groups. Methods Using data from the New York City Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2013-2014, we assessed health insurance coverage, health behaviors, and health conditions, comparing adults ages ≥20 born in the 50 states or the District of Columbia (US-born) with adults born in a US territory or outside the United States (immigrants, following the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey) and comparing US-born adults with (1) adults who immigrated recently (≤10 years) and (2) adults who immigrated earlier (>10 years). Results For immigrant adults, the mean time since arrival in the United States was 21.8 years. Immigrant adults were significantly more likely than US-born adults to lack health insurance (22% vs 12%), report fair or poor health (26% vs 17%), have hypertension (30% vs 23%), and have diabetes (20% vs 11%) but significantly less likely to smoke (18% vs 27%) (all P < .05). Comparable proportions of immigrant adults and US-born adults were overweight or obese (67% vs 63%) and reported CVD (both 7%). Immigrant adults who arrived recently were less likely than immigrant adults who arrived earlier to have diabetes or high cholesterol but did not differ overall from US-born adults. Conclusions Our findings may help guide prevention programs and policy efforts to ensure that immigrant adults remain healthy.

Risk Factors for New Neurological Diagnoses in Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients: A Case-Control Study in New York City

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kiran Thakur ◽  
Victoria T. Chu ◽  
Christine Hughes ◽  
Carla Y. Kim ◽  
Shannon Fleck-Dardarian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
New York ◽  
New York City ◽  
York City ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Control Study

scholarly journals Sex-related differences in the clinical presentation and risk factors for mortality in patients hospitalized with Coronavirus Disease 2019 in New York City

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jyoti S Mathad ◽  
Myung Hee Lee ◽  
Andrea Chalem ◽  
Melissa K Frey ◽  
Eloise Chapman-Davis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
New York ◽  
New York City ◽  
Viral Load ◽  
York City ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Independent Predictor

Abstract We evaluated sex-related differences in symptoms and risk factors for mortality in 4798 patients hospitalized with Covid-19 in New York City. When adjusted for age and comorbidities, being male was an independent predictor of death with mortality significantly higher than females, even with low SARS-CoV-2 viral load at admission.

scholarly journals 143. Opioid Use and Hospitalizations for Endocarditis, Osteomyelitis, and Central Nervous System Abscess among Adults — New York City, 2001–2014

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. S99-S99
Author(s):  
Chaorui Huang ◽  
David Lucero ◽  
Denise Paone ◽  
Ellenie Tuazon ◽  
Demetre Daskalakis
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Central Nervous System ◽  
New York City ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
York City ◽  
Opioid Epidemic ◽  
Opioid Use ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Opioid Users ◽  
Discharge Record

Abstract Background Along with a growing opioid epidemic nationwide, opioid users often have an increased risk of severe infectious diseases including endocarditis, osteomyelitis, and central nervous system (CNS) abscess. As the largest city in the United States, New York City (NYC) may serve as a study model for opioid use and infectious diseases. We investigated the association between opioid use and hospitalizations for endocarditis, osteomyelitis, and CNS abscess in NYC. Methods Data for NYC residents aged ≥18 years discharged from New York State hospitals during 2001–2014 were analyzed using a hospital discharge dataset. We defined a hospitalization for endocarditis, osteomyelitis, and CNS abscess as one with a principal or secondary diagnosis for these conditions within the discharge record. We identified opioid users by examining principal or secondary diagnoses for opioid use within the discharge record at the time of hospitalization for endocarditis, osteomyelitis, and CNS abscess. Log-binomial model was applied among all hospitalized patients using endocarditis, osteomyelitis, and CNS abscess as the outcome, adjusting for age, sex, race, and borough. Results During 2001–2014, there were 139,392 hospitalizations in total for endocarditis, osteomyelitis, or CNS abscess, of which 8,823 (6.3%) were among opioid users. There was an increased risk of hospitalization for endocarditis [RR: 2.6 (95% CI: 2.5–2.7)], osteomyelitis [RR: 1.1 (95% CI: 1.1–1.1)], and CNS abscesses [RR: 1.9 (95% CI: 1.8–2.1)] among hospitalized opioid users compared with hospitalized nonopioid users, adjusted by age, sex, race, and borough. Hospitalized opioid users had four times the risk for endocarditis hospitalization compared with hospitalized nonopioid users in the 18–44 year age group (RR: 4.2 [95% CI: 3.9–4.5]) (Table 1). Conclusion These results provide further evidence that opioid use is associated with an increased risk of endocarditis, osteomyelitis, and CNS abscess. Efforts to combat the opioid epidemic might lower the overall incidence of endocarditis, osteomyelitis, and CNS abscess. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.

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