scholarly journals Hydrogeochemical delineation of groundwater fitness for drinking and agricultural utilities in Thiruvallur district, South India

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Subramani Senthilkumar ◽  
Balu Gowtham ◽  
Krishnaraj Srinivasamoorthy ◽  
Selvaraj Gopinath
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
South India ◽  
Electrical Conductance ◽  
Total Dissolved Solids ◽  
Sodium Adsorption Ratio ◽  
Dissolved Solids ◽  
Southeastern Part ◽  
Study Region ◽  
Groundwater Samples ◽  
Kelly’S Ratio

AbstractAppraisal of groundwater fitness to drinking, agricultural, and domestic purposes was attempted within the Thiruvallur district of South India since groundwater is the significant sources for the above utilities. Groundwater samples collected from a sum of 110 locations have to be analyzed for major concentrations of which higher values of total dissolved solids (TDS), chloride (Cl−), and sodium (Na+) ions were noted during pre-monsoon (PRM) specifically besides the east along with the southeastern part of the study region and higher calcium (Ca2+) and nitrate (NO3−) values disseminated besides the central and eastern parts of the study region during the post-monsoon (POM) season. Suitability of water quality depends upon total dissolved solids; Water Quality Index (WQI) suggests 70% and 62% of the study area representing hard and sedimentary formations are appropriate for consumption utilities. Irrigation aptness of water for utility suggests the majority of study area is suitable in view of electrical conductance, sodium adsorption ratio, USSL plot, Na%, Wilcox’s plot, Kelly’s ratio, and Doneen’s plot. Dominant hydrochemical facies were observed to be Na-Cl, mixed Ca-Mg-Cl, and Ca-HCO3, and parameters like Na+, Ca2+, HCO3−, Cl−, and NO3− ions have been observed to be higher in the central region next to the east and may be appropriate to influence geogenic, anthropogenic, and seawater encroachment.

scholarly journals Assessment of Water Quality Index for the Groundwater in Tumkur Taluk, Karnataka State, India

2009 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 523-530 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. R. Ramakrishnaiah ◽  
C. Sadashivaiah ◽  
G. Ranganna
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Quality Index ◽  
Quality Index ◽  
Total Dissolved Solids ◽  
Physicochemical Analysis ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Dissolved Solids ◽  
Groundwater Samples ◽  
Calcium Magnesium ◽  
Iron Manganese

The present work is aimed at assessing the water quality index (WQI) for the groundwater of Tumkur taluk. This has been determined by collecting groundwater samples and subjecting the samples to a comprehensive physicochemical analysis. For calculating the WQI, the following 12 parameters have been considered: pH, total hardness, calcium, magnesium, bicarbonate, chloride, nitrate, sulphate, total dissolved solids, iron, manganese and fluorides. The WQI for these samples ranges from 89.21 to 660.56. The high value of WQI has been found to be mainly from the higher values of iron, nitrate, total dissolved solids, hardness, fluorides, bicarbonate and manganese in the groundwater. The results of analyses have been used to suggest models for predicting water quality. The analysis reveals that the groundwater of the area needs some degree of treatment before consumption, and it also needs to be protected from the perils of contamination

scholarly journals Assessment of irrigation water quality of Bogra District in Bangladesh

1970 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 507-608 ◽  
Author(s):  
MS Islam ◽  
SZKM Shamsad
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Total Dissolved Solids ◽  
Sodium Adsorption Ratio ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Irrigation Water Quality ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Kelly’S Ratio ◽  
Surface And Groundwater

Some important physio-chemical parameters of surface and groundwater of Bogra District were evaluated for the criteria of irrigation water quality. Forty four water samples were collected in the peak dry season (December-April) from different areas of Bogra District. The study revealed that temperature, pH, electrical conductivity (EC), total dissolved solids (TDS), sodium adsorption ratio (SAR), soluble sodium percentage (SSP), residual sodium carbonate (RSC), total hardness (Ht) and Kelly’s ratio of waters were found within the permissible limits for irrigation purposes. Any initiative for surface and groundwater development for planned irrigation practices is highly encouraged. Key Words: Irrigation water (surface and groundwater); quality; Bogra District. DOI: 10.3329/bjar.v34i4.5836Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 34(4) : 597-608, December 2009

scholarly journals HYDROCHEMICAL ASSESSMENT OF GROUNDWATER OF EUPHRATES AQUIFER IN ANAH, WESTERN IRAQ FOR IRRIGATION PURPOSES

2020 ◽  
Vol 53 (2C) ◽  
pp. 121-133
Author(s):  
Muhammeed Jummah
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Groundwater Quality ◽  
Human Activity ◽  
Major Ions ◽  
Total Dissolved Solids ◽  
Sodium Adsorption Ratio ◽  
Dissolved Solids ◽  
Piper Diagram ◽  
Groundwater Samples ◽  
Sodium Percentage

Groundwater quality is of prime importance in determining its suitability for various human activity such as irrigation, therefore, groundwater samples are collected from selective wells in Anah city and subjected to hydrochemical analysis in order to measure the concentrations of the major ions, in addition to the Electrical Conductivity, pH, Total Dissolved Solids, Soluble Sodium Percentage (Na%), and Sodium Adsorption Ratio)SAR( to assess the suitability of groundwater for irrigation. Results showed that the groundwater in Anah city is characterized by excellent to good SAR with good Na% and accepted value of pH for irrigation, whereas, values of Electrical Conductivity and Total Dissolved Solids were not acceptable due to the rising of salinity (SO4 and Cl). According to Piper diagram, the type of water is Earth alkaline.

scholarly journals Absorption of Heavy Metal Lead (Pb) by Water Hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) and Its Influence to Total Dissolved Solids of Groundwater in Phytoremediation

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 10
Author(s):  
Fahruddin Fahruddin
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Water Hyacinth ◽  
Eichhornia Crassipes ◽  
Gravimetric Method ◽  
Absorption Spectrometry ◽  
Total Dissolved Solids ◽  
Dissolved Solids ◽  
Groundwater Samples ◽  
Two Samples

Waste of heavy metal lead (Pb) in waters needs to be addressed through phytoremediation because it is toxic to the environment. The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) ability in water to absorb heavy metal Pb and its effects to total dissolved solids (TDS) of groundwater during the phytoremediation process. Using E. crassipes, groundwater samples and Pb(NO3)2 as a source of Pb, the initial characterization of the two samples was previously carried out. Created four treatments of ground water, i.e.:  P1 contains 2 ppm Pb with E. crassipes, P2 contains 4 ppm Pb with E. crassipes, P3 contains 2 ppm Pb without E. crassipes, and P4 contains 4 ppm Pb without E. crassipes. Observation of Pb by method of atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS) and determination of TDS by gravimetric method, each carried out on days 0, 4, 8, and 12. The results show the treatment of 2 ppm Pb, E. crassipes is more effective at absorbing Pb which is 96.0% compared to treatment 4 ppm Pb which is 90.0%. While 2 ppm Pb and 4 ppm Pb as control only 18.5% and 17.5%. Treatment of 2 ppm Pb which uses E. crassipes shows better water quality than concentration TDS 62.55 ppm compared to treatment of 4 ppm Pb with TDS 70.50 ppm while 2 ppm Pb and 4 ppm Pb as a control does not significantly affect to water quality.

scholarly journals Suitability of Groundwater Quality for Irrigational use between Silkanth and Kundgaon, North of River Narmada in the Upper Alluvial Plains of Narmada Valley, District Sehore and Dewas, M.P., India

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-128
Author(s):  
V.K. Parasha ◽  
Sunil Kumar Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Sodium Adsorption Ratio ◽  
Agricultural Water ◽  
Distributed Resources ◽  
Low Sodium ◽  
Groundwater Samples ◽  
Kelly’S Ratio ◽  
River Narmada

Groundwater is one of the earth’s most widely distributed resources and is consistently catering to the requirement of the agricultural irrigation. In the present study, an attempt has been made to understand the hydrochemistry and its agricultural water quality of groundwater between Silkhanth and Kundgaon, North of river Narmada, Madhya Pradesh. During the course of water quality studies of the area, 17 groundwater samples were collected and chemically analysed. Results obtained from water chemistry were used in the determination of different irrigational specifications to appraise the agricultural quality of groundwater. Important specifications like Sodium Adsorption Ratio (SAR) Residual Sodium Carbonate (RSC), Soluble Sodium Percentage (SSP) and Kelly’s Ratio (KR) are used for decisive the appropriateness of groundwater for the agricultural purposes. Result shows that the majority of groundwater belongs to Medium to - High Saline and Low sodium water. As per the magnesium ratio classification, the groundwaters of the study area has no magnesium hazards. Kelly’s ratio shows that majority of groundwater belongs to suitable class. As per the classification based on RSC the groundwater belongs to Safe class. As per the guidelines of Ayers and Westcot, majority of water have slight to moderate toxicity with respect to Nitrate and their use is restricted for semitolerant crops.

scholarly journals Effect of red algal bloom on growth and production of carps

Our Nature ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-54
Author(s):  
Ram Bhajan Mandal ◽  
Sunila Rai ◽  
Madhav Kumar Shrestha ◽  
Dilip Kumar Jha ◽  
Narayan Prasad Pandit
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Total Phosphorus ◽  
Algal Bloom ◽  
Total Dissolved Solids ◽  
Dissolved Solids ◽  
Aquaculture Farm ◽  
Red Algal

An experiment was carried to assess the effect of red algal bloom on growth and production of carp, water quality and profit from carp for 120 days at Aquaculture Farm of Agriculture and Forestry University, Chitwan. The experiment included two treatments: carp polyculture in non-red pond and carp polyculture in red pond with algal bloom each with three replicates. Carp fingerlings were stocked at 1 fish/m2 and fed with pellet containing 24% CP at 3% body weight. Net yield of rohu was found significantly higher (p<0.05) in non-red ponds (0.38±0.01 t ha-1) than red ponds (0.24±0.05 t ha-1). Survival of rohu (84.9±1.4%), bighead (95.2±2.0%) and mrigal (88.1±14.4%) were also significantly higher (p<0.05) in non-red ponds than red ponds. Red algal bloom affected DO, nitrate and chlorophyll-a, nitrite, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, total dissolved solids and conductivity. However, overall carp production and profit from carp remained unaffected.

scholarly journals Assessment of Quality of Groundwater in Kandarvakottai and Karambakudi Areas of Pudukkottai District, Tamilnadu, India

2009 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 898-904
Author(s):  
D. Ilangeswaran ◽  
R. Kumar ◽  
D. Kannan
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Physicochemical Parameters ◽  
Quality Standards ◽  
Physicochemical Characteristics ◽  
Total Dissolved Solids ◽  
Water Quality Standards ◽  
Standard Procedures ◽  
Groundwater Samples

Various samples of groundwater were collected from different areas of Kandarvakottai and Karambakudi of Pudukkottai District, Tamilnadu and analyzed for their physicochemical characteristics. The results of this analysis were compared with the water quality standards of ISI, WHO and CPHEEO. In this analysis the various physicochemical parameters such as pH, electrical conductivity, turbidity, total dissolved solids, Cl-, F-, SO42-, PO43-, NO3-, NO2-, CN-, Nas+, K+, NH3, Mn, Fe, Ca & Mg hardnessetc., were determined using standard procedures. The quality of groundwater samples were discussed with respect to these parameters and thus an attempt were made to ascertain the quality of groundwater used for drinking and cooking purposes in and around Kandarvakottai and Karambakudi areas.

scholarly journals RESPONSE SURFACE METHODOLOGY VIA DESIRABILITY FUNCTION TECHNIQUES FOR OPTIMIZING CORRELATED RESPONSES OF ELECTRICAL CONDUCTIVITY AND TOTAL DISSOLVED SOLIDS OF SELECTED BOREHOLE WATER

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 333-342
Author(s):  
KEHINDE MONSURU YUSUFF ◽  
M. Lawal ◽  
A. T. Audu ◽  
O. A. Wale-Orojo
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Total Dissolved Solids ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Water Quality Parameters ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Dissolved Solids

The health benefits in the description and observation of quantitative contents of quality parameters present or contained in any water source cannot be underestimated as they determine selection of best choice from available water sources for different intended uses as well as resource consumption. It also helps to compare the observed quantity of the quality with the acceptable standards or limits to get desired results. Physical parameters like pH, temperature, electrical conductivity (EC) and total dissolved solids (TDS) among others are determined by present of other chemical properties like Cations (Mg2+, Ca2+, Na+, etc), Anions (Cl-, NO3-, SO42+, etc), heavy metals and other dissolved materials during the course of its formation in different proportions and amounts. This study observed EC and TDS of 20 selected boreholes as two close and correlated water quality parameters as well as two of the major water quality parameters that account for overall quality of any water source, despite their different quantitative contents and physical features, they are likely determined by the same set of cations and anions with similar constraint equations. In contrast to linear programming, multiple criteria optimization models were fitted for EC and TDS using Response Surface Methodology via desirability techniques, optimal values obtained in this case measured against several criteria are found to lie between acceptable standards limits for drinking water, other numerical values and descriptive features in the final results reflect that the response equations obtained were well fitted.

scholarly journals Researchof Water Quality and its Chemical Parameters by Titration Method and Instrumenal Method

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (6S4) ◽  
pp. 871-874
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Total Dissolved Solids ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Water Quality Parameters ◽  
Quality Analysis ◽  
Instrumental Method ◽  
Titration Method ◽  
Dissolved Solids

he water quality analysis is an important aspect in understanding the behavior of water and what can they be used for. This study gives us a valuable information on the general properties of water quality parameters like pH, electrical conductivity, TDS, Bicarbonate, Sulfate, Nitrate, chloride etc. of the study area . Water samples were analyzed at the water quality lab. NIH, Roorkee for pH, electrical conductivity and total dissolved solids. The pH of water varied from 7.14 to 7.75. The electrical conductivity (EC) of sample falls from 620µS/cm to 2000µS/cm. The overall total dissolved solids in water of study area varied from 120mg/l to 900mg/l. Overall the range of the Chloride in water of the study area tend to falls between 13mg/l to 375mg/l. Sulfate of all the water samples that were collected from the study area have ranged from 28mg/l to 250mg .The range of the Bicarbonate of all the water samples varied from 320mg/l to 1051mg/l. The study area helps to know about water quality parameters and how to find their values by usingtwo methods : 1) titration method 2) instrumental method .It also helps us to apply these water quality parameters in ArcGis. It helps us to show the values of different parameters in different blocks ofambala for different years In this we have studied different blocks of ambala district Haryana .We have taken the samples from different places from the blocks and also samples are from wells, canal , rivers, ponds.

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