Peak flow assessment of El-Ham wadi in Hodna basin case study

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nour El Houda Belazreg ◽  
Mahmoud Hasbaia ◽  
Zekai Şen ◽  
Ahmed Ferhati
Keyword(s):  
Peak Flow

scholarly journals Possibility of Using Selected Rainfall-Runoff Models for Determining the Design Hydrograph in Mountainous Catchments: A Case Study in Poland

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 1450 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dariusz Młyński ◽  
Andrzej Wałęga ◽  
Leszek Książek ◽  
Jacek Florek ◽  
Andrea Petroselli
Keyword(s):  
Catchment Area ◽  
Peak Flow ◽  
Rainfall Runoff ◽  
Peak Flows ◽  
Mountainous Catchment ◽  
Mountainous Catchments ◽  
Relative Errors ◽  
Runoff Hydrographs

The aim of the study was to analyze the possibility of using selected rainfall-runoff models to determine the design hydrograph and the related peak flow in a mountainous catchment. The basis for the study was the observed series of hydrometeorological data for the Grajcarek catchment area (Poland) for the years 1981–2014. The analysis was carried out in the following stages: verification of hydrometeorological data; determination of the design rainfall; and determination of runoff hydrographs with the following rainfall-runoff models: Snyder, NRCS-UH, and EBA4SUB. The conducted research allowed the conclusion that the EBA4SUB model may be an alternative to other models in determining the design hydrograph in ungauged mountainous catchments. This is evidenced by the lower values of relative errors in the estimation of peak flows with an assumed frequency for the EBA4SUB model, as compared to Snyder and NRCS-UH.

scholarly journals Dam-Break analysis: proposal of a simplified approach

RBRH ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlo Lucca Coutinho Ungaretti Rossi ◽  
Marcelo Giulian Marques ◽  
Eder Daniel Teixeira ◽  
José Falcão de Melo ◽  
Rute Ferla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arrival Time ◽  
Peak Flow ◽  
Dam Break ◽  
Hydrodynamic Simulations ◽  
Simplified Approach ◽  
Reservoir Volume ◽  
Earthen Dams ◽  
Flow Attenuation ◽  
Prior Analysis

ABSTRACT Simplified methods are useful alternatives for prior analysis of the effects of dam rupture and can guide the decision-making process for carrying out more complete studies. In this context, a new simplified approach is presented, which enables the analysis of aspects from dam rupture of earthen dams that failed due to overtopping, considering dam height and reservoir volume as input data. Hypothetical cases were analyzed applying dam-break hydrodynamic simulations, which results allowed the development of equations capable of estimating peak flow attenuation and peak discharge arrival time along the downstream valley. The proposed approach was applied in a hypothetical case study (15 m high dam and 17 hm3 reservoir volume), obtaining results close to those achieved through other methods, especially in case of estimating the maximum discharges throughout the downstream valley, where the average differences between the results of the methods were of the order of 15%.

scholarly journals Designing a Pond and Evaluating its Impact Upon Storm-Water Quality and Flow: A Case Study in Rural Australia

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 475-491
Author(s):  
Zahra Ghofrani ◽  
Victor Sposito ◽  
Robert Faggian
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Green Infrastructure ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Peak Flow ◽  
Storm Water ◽  
Weather Event ◽  
Natural Systems ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Rural Australia

Abstract Storm-water management is a common concern in rural catchments where development-related growth causes increases of storm-water flows. Greater magnitude and frequency of storm-water create greater challenges for mitigating storm-water damage and improving water quality. The concept of Blue-Green Infrastructure (BGI) as a solution incorporates a wide range of applicable components with the aim of minimizing the effect of catchment development on flow regimes without changing the watershed morphology. BGI components manage storm-water by decreasing impermeable cover and expanding natural and semi-natural systems to store water or recharge and filter storm-water into the ground. In this paper, guidelines for designing a pond as a component of BGI are provided and, configuration and size of the pond are determined. Moreover, the impacts of the designed pond on storm-water peak flow and quality are assessed for the Tarwin catchment, State of Victoria, Australia. The results indicate that the introduction of the pond would have reduced outfall inflow by 94 % and would have achieved the reduction of 88.3, 75.5 and 50.7 % for total suspended solids, total phosphorus, and total nitrogen respectively, during the extreme weather event in June 2012.

scholarly journals Investigation of Appropriate Model Structures for Modelling Small Urban Catchments

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naglaa Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Peak Flow ◽  
Low Impact Development ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Hydrologic Modelling ◽  
Small Areas ◽  
Total Runoff ◽  
Lumped Models ◽  
Urban Catchments ◽  
Model Structures

Although the hydrologic modelling of small urban catchments has been practised for several decades, guidance on the development of models is still needed. This research evaluates and compares several modelling structures of small residential areas with and without low impact development implementation using distributed and lumped models. Hypothetical small areas were modelled to examine several grid based models with different grid sizes. The results were used to test the ability of uncalibrated models to predict runoff using three model configurations: 1) single catchment, 2) grid, and 3) homogenous areas, where every building, backyard, and street was modelled separately as a single catchment. The results of the models were compared and evaluated based on the total runoff volume, peak flow rate, and infiltration volume. The results of a real case study show that the grid model is an appropriate model structure for modelling small urban catchments.

scholarly journals Simulating the effects of low impact development approaches on urban flooding: a case study from Tehran, Iran

2019 ◽  
Vol 80 (8) ◽  
pp. 1591-1600 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryam Movahedinia ◽  
Jamal Mohammad Vali Samani ◽  
Fakhreddin Barakhasi ◽  
Saleh Taghvaeian ◽  
Raffi Stepanian
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Peak Flow ◽  
Low Impact Development ◽  
Hydraulic Modeling ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Urban Flooding ◽  
Urban Stormwater ◽  
Rainfall Events ◽  
Storm Water Management Model

Abstract Low impact development (LID) methods have been shown to be efficient in reducing the peak flow and total volume of urban stormwater, which is a top priority for effective urban stormwater management in many municipalities. However, decision-makers need information on the effects of LIDs and their associated costs before allocating limited resources. In this study, the Storm Water Management Model (SWMM) was used to investigate the effects of five different LID scenarios on urban flooding in a district in Tehran, Iran. The LID scenarios included rain barrel (RB) at two sizes, bio-retention cell (BRC), and combinations of the two structures. The results showed that significant node flooding and overflow volume would occur in the study area under the existing conditions, especially for rainfall events with longer return periods. BRC and combinations of BRC and RBs were the most effective options in reducing flooding, while the smaller-size RB was the cheapest alternative. However, normalized cost, obtained through dividing the total cost by the percent reduction in node flooding and/or overflow volume, was smallest for BRC. The results of this study demonstrate how hydraulic modeling can be combined with economic analysis to identify the most efficient and affordable LID practices for urban areas.

Rainwater storage tank as a remedy for a local urban flood control

2008 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Youngjin Kim ◽  
Mooyoung Han
Keyword(s):  
Flood Control ◽  
Peak Flow ◽  
Flow Curves ◽  
Urban Flood ◽  
Runoff Analysis ◽  
Tank Capacity ◽  
Versus Peak ◽  
Flood Condition ◽  
Rainwater Tanks

Surcharge runoff over the capacity of drainage pipes is one of main flood breaking factors in urban area. Change into larger pipes is costly and time consuming solution. Rainwater tanks can be a sustainable solution for the control of heavy runoff. The Rainfall-Storage-Drain(RSD) model is developed for the design of rainwater tanks of flood control. Design rainfall of Huff's distribution and runoff analysis on building rooftop makes inflow curves into the tanks. Through a water balance equation, tank volume versus peak flow curves can determine the minimum tank volume needed for controlled peak flow value of a design period. The case study in Seoul City shows a tank of 29 L/m2 can control the runoff of 30-years with the drainage pipes of 10-years design period. The RSD model can give simple and easy curves to understand for tank capacity determination in a local flood condition.

scholarly journals Implications of discontinuous IDF equations in generation of runoff hydrographs. Case study: IDF-Porto Alegre (8º DISME)

RBRH ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Luiza Helfer ◽  
Fernando Dornelles ◽  
Joel Avruch Goldenfum
Keyword(s):  
Extreme Precipitation ◽  
Peak Flow ◽  
Rain Gauge ◽  
Rainfall Event ◽  
Porto Alegre ◽  
Runoff Volume ◽  
Intensity Duration Frequency ◽  
Runoff Hydrographs ◽  
The Relationship

ABSTRACT The intensity-duration-frequency (IDF) equations establish the relationship between the intensity and the duration of an extreme precipitation associated to the probability of its occurrence. Some studies have fitted multiple IDF equations per rain gauge, valid for certain rain duration ranges. An example is the IDF equation for the 8th District of Meteorology of Porto Alegre rain gauge, established and published by the CPRM in the Pluviometric Atlas Project. The main objective of the present study is to evaluate the implication of using this type of IDF equation, referred to as a “discontinuous IDF equation”, in the generation of runoff hydrographs, using the mentioned IDF as case study. The methodology consisted in comparing the peak flow and the runoff volume of hydrographs generated by the discontinuous IDF equation with the hydrographs obtained by using a single IDF equation. The runoff hydrographs were generated for hypothetical basins with the following characteristics: contribution areas of 5, 20 and 80 km2; CN of 70, 80 and 90; and time of concentration of 20, 40, 60, 100 and 200 minutes. A 24-hour rainfall event was considered with return period of 5, 10, 25, 50 and 100 years. As results, it was observed that, in the case studied, the multiple IDF equation present a better fit to the observed rainfall data than the single IDF equation. However, the discontinuity at the transition point between the equations, depending on its magnitude, may present some influence on the peak flow and on the runoff volume due to occurrence of secondary peaks on the runoff hydrographs. Therefore, it is recommended that a maximum limit of discontinuity must be observed between the multiple equations in order to avoid the occurrence of secondary peaks in the runoff hydrographs.

scholarly journals Influence of Changes of Catchment Permeability and Frequency of Rainfall on Critical Storm Duration in an Urbanized Catchment—A Case Study, Cracow, Poland

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 2557 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrzej Wałęga ◽  
Artur Radecki-Pawlik ◽  
Agnieszka Cupak ◽  
Jon Hathaway ◽  
Michał Pukowiec
Keyword(s):  
Hydrological Modeling ◽  
Peak Flow ◽  
Water Cycle ◽  
Exceedance Probability ◽  
Peak Time ◽  
Hydrological Models ◽  
Storm Duration ◽  
Basin Water ◽  
Require Parameter

The increase of impermeable areas in a catchment is known to elevate flood risk. To adequately understand and plan for these risks, changes in the basin water cycle must be quantified as imperviousness increases, requiring the use of hydrological modeling to obtain design runoff volumes and peak flow rates. A key stage of modeling is adopting the structure of the model and estimating its parameters. Due to the fact that most impervious basins are uncontrolled, hydrological models that do not require parameter calibration are advantageous. At the same time, it should be remembered that these models are sensitive to the values of assumed parameters. The purpose of this work is to determine the effect of catchment impermeability on the flow variability in the Sudół Dominikański stream in Cracow, Poland, and assess the influence of the frequency of rainfall on values of time of concentration (here it is meant as critical storm duration). The major finding in this work is that the critical storm duration for all different scenarios of catchment imperviousness depends on the rainfall exceedance probability. In the case of rainfall probability lower than 5.0%, the critical storm duration was equal to 2 h, for higher probabilities (p ≥ 50%) it was equal to 24 h. Simulations showed that the increase of impermeable areas caused peak time abbreviation. In the case of rainfall with exceedance probability p = 1.0% and critical storm duration Dkr = 2 h, the peak time decreased about 12.5% and for impermeable areas increased from 22.01 to 44.95%.

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