Are dietary supplements and nutraceuticals effective for musculoskeletal health and cognitive function? A scoping review

The amount of knowledge on human consciousness has created a multitude of viewpoints and it is difficult to compare and synthesize all the recent scientific perspectives. Indeed, there are many definitions of consciousness and multiple approaches to study the neural correlates of consciousness (NCC). Therefore, the main aim of this article is to collect data on the various theories of consciousness published between 2007–2017 and to synthesize them to provide a general overview of this topic. To describe each theory, we developed a thematic grid called the dimensional model, which qualitatively and quantitatively analyzes how each article, related to one specific theory, debates/analyzes a specific issue. Among the 1130 articles assessed, 85 full texts were included in the prefinal step. Finally, this scoping review analyzed 68 articles that described 29 theories of consciousness. We found heterogeneous perspectives in the theories analyzed. Those with the highest grade of variability are as follows: subjectivity, NCC, and the consciousness/cognitive function. Among sub-cortical structures, thalamus, basal ganglia, and the hippocampus were the most indicated, whereas the cingulate, prefrontal, and temporal areas were the most reported for cortical ones also including the thalamo-cortical system. Moreover, we found several definitions of consciousness and 21 new sub-classifications.

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The Effects of Cannabis Use on Cognitive Function in Healthy Aging: A Systematic Scoping Review

Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology ◽

10.1093/arclin/acaa105 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Nina Pocuca ◽

T Jordan Walter ◽

Arpi Minassian ◽

Jared W Young ◽

Mark A Geyer ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cognitive Function ◽

Scoping Review ◽

Healthy Aging ◽

Web Of Science ◽

Cannabis Use ◽

Future Research ◽

Meta Analyses ◽

Older Populations ◽

The Relationship ◽

Chronic Doses

Abstract Background Older adults (≥50 years) represent the fastest-growing population of people who use cannabis, potentially due to the increasing promotion of cannabis as medicine by dispensaries and cannabis websites. Given healthy aging and cannabis use are both associated with cognitive decline, it is important to establish the effects of cannabis on cognition in healthy aging. Objective This systematic scoping review used preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses guidelines to critically examine the extent of literature on this topic and highlight areas for future research. Method A search of six databases (PubMed, EMBASE, PsycINFO, Web of Science, Family and Society Studies Worldwide, and CINAHL) for articles published by September 2019, yielded 1,014 unique results. Results Six articles reported findings for older populations (three human and three rodent studies), highlighting the paucity of research in this area. Human studies revealed largely null results, likely due to several methodological limitations. Better-controlled rodent studies indicate that the relationship between ∆9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cognitive function in healthy aging depends on age and level of THC exposure. Extremely low doses of THC improved cognition in very old rodents. Somewhat higher chronic doses improved cognition in moderately aged rodents. No studies examined the effects of cannabidiol (CBD) or high-CBD cannabis on cognition. Conclusions This systematic scoping review provides crucial, timely direction for future research on this emerging issue. Future research that combines neuroimaging and cognitive assessment would serve to advance understanding of the effects of age and quantity of THC and CBD on cognition in healthy aging.

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Musculoskeletal health, work-related risk factors and preventive measures in hairdressing: a scoping review

Journal of Occupational Medicine and Toxicology ◽

10.1186/s12995-019-0244-y ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 14 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Agnessa Kozak ◽

Tanja Wirth ◽

Miet Verhamme ◽

Albert Nienhaus

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Scoping Review ◽

Preventive Measures ◽

Health Work ◽

Musculoskeletal Health ◽

Work Related ◽

Related Risk

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Risks and benefits of antioxidant dietary supplement use during cancer treatment: protocol for a scoping review

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2020-047200 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (4) ◽

pp. e047200

Author(s):

L. Susan Wieland ◽

Ilana Moffet ◽

Sydney Shade ◽

Ashkan Emadi ◽

Cheryl Knott ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Side Effects ◽

Cancer Treatment ◽

Dietary Supplements ◽

Systematic Reviews ◽

Scoping Review ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Antioxidant Supplementation ◽

Dietary Antioxidant ◽

Antioxidant Supplements

IntroductionAntioxidant dietary supplements are used by many patients with cancer to reduce the side effects of chemotherapy and improve prognosis. While some research indicates oral antioxidant supplementation reduces side effects and improves patient survival, other studies suggest the use of antioxidant dietary supplements may interfere with chemotherapy and reduce its curative effects. There is a need to clarify the evidence base on the impact of dietary antioxidant supplementation during chemotherapy on both side effect and treatment efficacy outcomes. We will use a scoping review approach to identify what systematic review evidence exists regarding beneficial and harmful effects of dietary antioxidant supplements when used during cancer treatment.Methods and analysisWe will use Arksey & O’Malley and Joanna Briggs Institute methods for scoping reviews. We will systematically search PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, Scopus, Dissertations & Theses Global and the Cochrane Library from inception to October 2020. Systematic reviews of randomised controlled trials of oral dietary antioxidant supplements used by participants receiving curative chemotherapy, radiotherapy or other biological therapy for cancer will be eligible. Two reviewers will screen citations and full texts for inclusion and chart data on research questions from included reviews. Two reviewers will assess the overall confidence in systematic review results using A Measurement Tool to Assess Systematic Reviews-2 (AMSTAR-2), and summarised evidence will focus on reviews rated at high or moderate overall confidence. Tables will be used to map existing evidence and identify evidence gaps for safety and effectiveness outcomes.Ethics and disseminationThis scoping review does not require ethical approval as it is a secondary assessment of available literature. The results will be presented at conferences and submitted for publication in a peer-reviewed journal. We will also disseminate results to community and clinical stakeholders and involve them in developing subsequent research to address critical existing gaps in the evidence as identified by the scoping review.

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Scoping Review of the Effects of Dietary Supplements on Postpartum Depression

Journal of Health and Medical Sciences ◽

10.31014/aior.1994.03.02.120 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Shian Ming Chen ◽

◽

Anne TM Konkle

Keyword(s):

Postpartum Depression ◽

Dietary Supplements ◽

Scoping Review

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Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory dietary supplements in the treatment of osteoarthritis: a scoping review

Food Research ◽

10.26656/fr.2017.4(2).189 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

pp. 254-273

Author(s):

Y.Q. Ong ◽

H. Sakinah ◽

M.R. Shahril ◽

Norshazila S.

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Dietary Supplements ◽

Scoping Review ◽

Symptom Relief ◽

Clinical Signs ◽

Signs And Symptoms ◽

Bark Extract ◽

Boswellia Serrata ◽

Anti Inflammatory ◽

And Oxidative Stress

The increasing number of evidence has reported inflammation and oxidative stress as key mediators of osteoarthritis (OA) joint pathology. Therefore, the usage of dietary supplements targeting inflammation and oxidative stress in OA may emerge as a rewarding therapeutic strategy. This study aimed to explore the efficacy of antioxidant and anti-inflammatory dietary supplements used to manage OA. A methodological framework proposed by Arksey and O’Malley was used to conduct this scoping review. An electronic database search of English academic articles was conducted using PubMed, MEDLINE and ScienceDirect from 2000 to 2018. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of OA with parallel groups by comparing dietary supplements with placebo consumption were eligible for inclusion. Out of 69,150 studies identified, a total of 41 studies were included, with 25 antioxidant or anti-inflammatory dietary supplements identified. There were 3325 respondents (1740 in the treatment group and 1585 in the placebo group), all aged ≥ 25 years old and comprised of 69.6% and 30.4% female and male respondents, respectively. The majority of the studies recruited participants with knee OA (n = 33) with a follow-up duration of 3 to 32 weeks. Overall, most of the dietary supplements (n =17) demonstrated a beneficial effect on the clinical signs and symptoms, such as Boswellia serrata extract (BSE), Pycnogenol and L-carnitine. In contrast, Aquamin supplementation did not exert positive impacts on OA management, while inconsistent findings were observed in greenlipped mussel (GLM) extract, vitamin E, methylsulfonylmethane (MSM), licorice flavonoid oil (LFO), ginger, willow bark extract and rose hip supplementation. In summary, the role of anti-inflammatory and antioxidant dietary supplements cannot be ignored as they can offer alleviated pain and symptom relief.

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Do Dietary Supplements and Nutraceuticals Have Effects on Dental Implant Osseointegration? A Scoping Review

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu12010268 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 268 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Livia Nastri ◽

Antimo Moretti ◽

Silvia Migliaccio ◽

Marco Paoletta ◽

Marco Annunziata ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Vitamin D ◽

Dietary Supplements ◽

Dental Implants ◽

Dental Implant ◽

Scoping Review ◽

Health Claims ◽

Nutrition And Health ◽

Scoping Reviews ◽

Nutrition And Health Claims

Several factors affect dental implant osseointegration, including surgical issues, bone quality and quantity, and host-related factors, such as patients’ nutritional status. Many micronutrients might play a key role in dental implant osseointegration by influencing some alveolar bone parameters, such as healing of the alveolus after tooth extraction. This scoping review aims to summarize the role of dietary supplements in optimizing osseointegration after implant insertion surgery. A technical expert panel (TEP) of 11 medical specialists with expertise in oral surgery, bone metabolism, nutrition, and orthopedic surgery performed the review following the PRISMA-ScR (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews) model. The TEP identified micronutrients from the “European Union (EU) Register of nutrition and health claims made on foods” that have a relationship with bone and tooth health, and planned a PubMed search, selecting micronutrients previously identified as MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) terms and adding to each of them the words “dental implants” and “osseointegration”. The TEP identified 19 studies concerning vitamin D, magnesium, resveratrol, vitamin C, a mixture of calcium, magnesium, zinc, and vitamin D, and synthetic bone mineral. However, several micronutrients are non-authorized by the “EU Register on nutrition and health claims” for improving bone and/or tooth health. Our scoping review suggests a limited role of nutraceuticals in promoting osseointegration of dental implants, although, in some cases, such as for vitamin D deficiency, there is a clear link among their deficit, reduced osseointegration, and early implant failure, thus requiring an adequate supplementation.

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