Anaerobic Co-digestion in a Pilot-Scale Periodic Anaerobic Baffled Reactor (PABR) and Composting of Animal By-Products and Whey

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 1469-1479 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Michalopoulos ◽  
D. Mathioudakis ◽  
I. Premetis ◽  
S. Michalakidi ◽  
K. Papadopoulou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Anaerobic Baffled Reactor ◽  
By Products

scholarly journals Implementation of green extraction and isolation methodologies for the recovery of bioactive compounds from olive-growing products and by-products

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Νικόλαος Ξυνός
Keyword(s):  
Subcritical Water ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Green Extraction ◽  
Kernel Oil ◽  
Olive Kernel ◽  
Table Olive ◽  
Phd Thesis ◽  
By Products

The experimental work of this PhD thesis has been scheduled on a three-axis base. Theaims that were set, they concerned the optimal exploitation of four different by-products of the table olive, olive oil and olive kernel oil industries, for the recovery of specific highadded-value compounds with well-known biological properties. Those natural productswere desired either in the form of enriched fractions or pure compounds. The prerequisitewas to utilize as eco-friendly technologies as possible for extraction and purification and tooptimize the processes in laboratory as well as in pilot scale. Thus, trustworthy estimationof industrial feasibility is provided. The main technologies that were implicated for therecovery of the target compounds are: Supercritical fluid extraction Pressurized liquid (and subcritical water) extraction Liquid/liquid extraction Adsorption resin technology Centrifugal Partition ChromatographyThe by-products that were the subject of the tracing/ extraction/ enrichment/identification/ quantification on studies for this PhD thesis were the following: Olive leaves (by-products of the pruning of the trees and of the olive fruit harvest) Olive mill pomace waste (biphasic process) Table olive process wastewater (by-product of the debittering process for theproduction of table olives) Olive kernel oil deodorization distillates (by-product of the refining process for theproduction of olive kernel oil from olive pomace)The natural compounds that were targeted for their recovery, enrichment and isolation dueto their well-established (and still under research) biological properties and theirapplication in pharmaceutical, phytotherapeutical, nutraceutical, cosmetic andcosmeceutical industries were respectively: Oleuropein Hydroxytyrosol SqualeneIn all cases, not only biomarkers’ content but also the overall chemical profile of theextracts was studied. The applied scientific interest of this work was that novel green extraction technologies and combinatorial processes as well as experimental design wereimplemented in lab and pilot scale for the exploitation of certain by-products that occur invery large quantities every year as a result of the agricultural/ industrial processing of theolive tree, with the aim of recovering high added value natural products.

Experimental and numerical assessment of the hydraulic behavior of a pilot-scale Periodic Anaerobic Baffled Reactor (PABR)

2018 ◽  
Vol 111 ◽  
pp. 278-287 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Michalopoulos ◽  
T. Kamperidis ◽  
G. Seintis ◽  
G. Pashos ◽  
C. Lytras ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Anaerobic Baffled Reactor ◽  
Hydraulic Behavior ◽  
Numerical Assessment

scholarly journals Performance Evaluation of Pilot-scale Hybrid Anaerobic Baffled Reactor (HABR) to Process Dyeing Wastewater Based on Grey Relational Analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 1974 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhixin Qi ◽  
Guoli Xiang ◽  
Deqi Xiong
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Grey Relational Analysis ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Organic Loading Rate ◽  
Dyeing Wastewater ◽  
Anaerobic Baffled Reactor ◽  
Relational Analysis ◽  
Grey Relational

A pilot-scale six-compartment hybrid anaerobic baffled reactor (HABR) with effective volume of 18 m3 was used to treat dyeing wastewater. The HABR system was able to treat the wastewater efficiently after FeSO4 pretreatment, as indicated by removal efficiencies of 33.7% for chemical oxygen demand (COD), 39.9% for suspended solid (SS), and 22.5% for sulfate (SO42−) during steadily operational period. Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS) showed that the concentrations of alkanes, amides, organic acids, ketones, phenols, and esters were much lower in the effluent than those in the influent; many high-molecular-weight compounds such as cyclanes, quinolines, and phenols were successfully transformed to low-molecular-weight ones. As illustrated from the results of generalized grey relational analysis (GGRA), COD removal efficiency was more closely associated with flow rate, organic loading rate (OLR), water temperature, and influent SS among the whole selected possible factors. Based on the overall treating effectiveness and the GGRA study, the optimized operation strategy of the dyeing wastewater treatment by HABR was obtained as the hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 12 h for steady-state operation with an up-flow velocity of 1.7 m/h as well as OLR of 1.5–2.0 kg COD/(m3·d).

Monitoring advanced oxidation of Suwannee River fulvic acid

2010 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 225 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janey V. Camp ◽  
Dennis B. George ◽  
Martha J. M. Wells ◽  
Pedro E. Arce
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Fluorescence Spectroscopy ◽  
Fulvic Acid ◽  
Electrical Discharge ◽  
Fulvic Acids ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Suwannee River ◽  
Suwannee River Fulvic Acid ◽  
Pulsed Electrical Discharge ◽  
By Products

Environmental context.Potentially toxic disinfection by-products form when water containing humic and fulvic acids is chlorinated to destroy pathogenic microorganisms. A pulsed electrical discharge was examined for its ability to destroy an aquatic fulvic acid by oxidation. Spectroscopically, changes in the organic structures were observed, but carbon content and disinfection by-products were not reduced. Abstract.A pilot-scale pulsed electrical discharge (PED) system was used to treat Suwannee River fulvic acid (SRFA) as a representative precursor material for the formation of disinfection by-products (DBPs), specifically trihalomethane compounds. Ultraviolet-visible and fluorescence spectroscopy, dissolved organic carbon (DOC), and the trihalomethane formation potential (THMFP) were used as analytical parameters to monitor the effects of treatment on the substrate. The potential for SRFA degradation (5 mg L–1 DOC) was examined over 60 min at each of four operational configurations, varying pulse energy and frequency (0.15 J and 60 Hz, 0.15 J and 120 Hz, 0.4 J and 60 Hz, and 0.4 J and 120 Hz) in a factorial design. Statistically significant changes occurred for UV254, EX254EM460, and EX328EM460 under selected conditions; however, concomitant changes in DOC and THMFP were not observed. The composition of SRFA changed, but organic carbon was not mineralised to carbon dioxide. In addition to showing degradation by PED, the significance of the preliminary findings of this research was to demonstrate that spectroscopic monitoring of precursor degradation alone can be misleading, and that whereas ultraviolet-visible and fluorescence spectroscopy indicated degradation of precursor compounds, DOC and THMFP measurements were unchanged and did not support the occurrence of mineralisation in this system.

Formation of by-products in the course of intermediate ozonation of groundwater pretreated with ozone and polyaluminium chloride

2004 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 63-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Agbaba ◽  
I. Ivančev-Tumbas ◽  
B. Dalmacija ◽  
M. Klašnja
Keyword(s):  
Natural Organic Matter ◽  
Drinking Water Treatment ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Treatment Technology ◽  
Specific Content ◽  
Serbia And Montenegro ◽  
Toc Removal ◽  
By Products ◽  
Polyaluminium Chloride ◽  
Vojvodina Province

Formation of aldehydes and trihalomethanes during intermediate ozonation of water pretreated with ozone and polyaluminium-chloride was monitored in a pilot-scale study to optimize the drinking water treatment technology. The raw water was the groundwater, rich in natural organic matter, originated from the territory of the Northern Banat region in Vojvodina Province, Serbia and Montenegro. Monitoring of the parameters that have to meet prescribed criteria (permanganate value, TOC and THMFP removal) could not give an indication on how to split the required ozone dose between preozonation and intermediate ozonation. As the effects obtained regarding THMFP and TOC removal were similar, monitoring of aldehydes was performed, and this clearly showed that preozonation should be carried out with a dose ≥0.4 mg O3/mg TOC to obtain the water with the smallest contents of aldehydes and the lowest specific content of glyoxal in the GAC filter influent.

scholarly journals Influence of Oxidizing Reactor on Flue Gas Denitrification by Ozonation and Possibility of by-Product Separation

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 177-191
Author(s):  
Włodzimierz Kordylewski ◽  
Adam Hałat ◽  
Dariusz Łuszkiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Flue Gas ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Product Separation ◽  
Naoh Solution ◽  
Preliminary Separation ◽  
Nox Removal Efficiency ◽  
Oxidation Reactor ◽  
By Products ◽  
Flue Gas Denitrification

Abstract Results of laboratory scale research have been presented on the effects of an oxidizing reactor on ozone consumption and by-producs composition and separation of simultaneous NOx and SO2 removal from a carrier gas by ozonation method and absorption in an alkaline solution. The additional Dreschel washer added before two washers containing 100 ml of 0.1 molar NaOH solution played the role of an oxidation reactor. Its effect was investigated using an empty (dry or wetted) or filled with packing elements washer. The measured by-products in a scrubber and in the oxidizing reactor were SO32-, SO42-, NO2- and NO3- ions, respectively. It has been shown that use of oxidizing reactor improves NOx removal efficiency reducing ozone consumption. Wetting of the oxidation reactor with water enables a preliminary separation of sulphur and nitrogen species between the oxidizing reactor and an alkaline absorber. Application of packing elements in the oxidizing reactor allows to retain 90% of nitrogen compounds in it. Some results were confirmed by tests in pilot scale.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document