Emission Characteristics of Greenhouse Gases and Their Correlation with Water Quality at an Estuarine Mangrove Ecosystem – the Application of an In-situ On-site NDIR Monitoring Technique

Wetlands ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 723-738 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wen-Bin Yang ◽  
Chung-Shin Yuan ◽  
Bang-Qin Huang ◽  
Chuan Tong ◽  
Lei Yang
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Greenhouse Gases ◽  
Mangrove Ecosystem ◽  
Emission Characteristics ◽  
Monitoring Technique

scholarly journals In situ redox potential measurements as a monitoring technique for hot spring water quality

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 353-358 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seiichiro Ioka ◽  
Hirofumi Muraoka ◽  
Kazuo Matsuyama ◽  
Kazuo Tomita
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Redox Potential ◽  
Hot Spring ◽  
Spring Water ◽  
Monitoring Technique

scholarly journals Distribusi Dan Karakteristik Kualitas Perairan Ekosistem Mangrove Pulau Kecil Taman Nasional Bunaken

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshian Nicolas Schaduw
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Total Suspended Solid ◽  
Mangrove Ecosystem ◽  
Suspended Solid ◽  
Quality Characteristic ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Water Quality Characteristic ◽  
Main Factor

Ekosistem mangrove mempunyai fungsi  ekologi dan sosial ekonomi bagi masyarakat pesisir, mempertahankan fungsi ini merupakan langkah mempertahankan fungsi ekosistem disekitarnya diantaranya terumbu karang  dan  padang lamun. Kajian ini menganalisa kondisi kualitas perairan ekosistem mangrove yang ada pada empat pulau kecil di Taman Nasional Bunaken (Pulau Bunaken; Pulau Manado Tua; Pulau Mantehage; Pulau Nain) dan korelasi karakterisitik kualitas air pulau-pulau tersebut (suhu, salinitas, kekeruhan, total suspended solid, pH, Dissolved Oksigen, NO3-N, dan PO4-P) dengan menggunakan Principal Component Analysis (PCA), kajian ini menggunakan instrumen pengukuran kualitas air in situ dan ex situ di laboratorium. Selain itu, hasil kualitas air ini akan dibandingkan dengan baku mutu yang telah ditetapkan pemerintah pada ekosistem mangrove, hal ini sebagai bahan pertimbangan pengelolaan ekosistem mangrove dimasa yang akan datang. Hasil yang diperoleh dari kajian ini adalah kualitas air keempat pulau ini masuk dalam kategori baik dan dapat mendukung kelangsungan hidup biota yang berasosisi didalamnya. Korelasi karakteristik kualitas air sebesar 94%, faktor utama 1 (F1) 79,33% dan faktor utama 2 (F2) 14,22% dengan penciri utama suhu, PO4-P, dan salinitas, dendogram menunjukkan adanya dua tingkatan hubungan kekerabatan dimana Pulau Nain dan Pulau Manado Tua memiliki kekerabatan kondisi perairan yang sama, diikuti Pulau Bunaken dan Mantehege. Kondisi ini harus dipertahankan dan dimonitoring secara berkala mengingat Taman Nasional Bunaken banyak mendapat tekanan dari aktivitas antropogenik dan perubahan iklim global.  Mangrove ecosystems have ecological and socio-economic functions for coastal communities, preserve these functions is a step to maintain the function of adjacent ecosystems including coral reefs and seagrass beds. This study analyzed the water quality conditions of mangrove ecosystem  within four small islands in Bunaken National Park (Bunaken Island, Manado Tua Island, Mantehage Island and Nain Island) and  water quality characteristic correlation among these islands (e.g. temperature, salinity, turbidity, total suspended solid, pH, Dissolved Oxygen, NO3-N, and PO4-P) using Principal Component Analysis (PCA), this study used laboratory in situ and ex situ water quality measurement instruments. In addition, the results of this water quality then compared with the government standard quality for mangrove ecosystem water quality, this is a consideration for the management of mangrove ecosystems in the future. The results obtained from this study shows the water quality of these four islands in the category of good and can support the existence of associate biota that live in it. The correlation of water quality characteristic was 94%, main factor 1 (F1) 79,33% and main factor 2 (F2) 14,22% with main characteristics are temperature, PO4-P, and salinity, grouping these characteristics  through dendogram showed two levels of relationship where Nain Island and Manado Tua Island have the same relationship of their water condition, followed by Bunaken Island and Mantehege. This condition must be maintained and monitored regularly as Bunaken National Park is under considerable get pressure from anthropogenic activities and global climate change. 

Flat Flexible Thin Milli-electrode Array for Real-time in situ Water Quality Monitoring in Distribution Systems

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 (4) ◽  
pp. 5598-5617
Author(s):  
Zhiheng Xu ◽  
Wangchi Zhou ◽  
Qiuchen Dong ◽  
Yan Li ◽  
Dingyi Cai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Distribution Systems ◽  
Electrode Array ◽  
Water Quality Monitoring ◽  
Quality Monitoring

scholarly journals Some indicators of water quality of the Tamis river

2011 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nada Babovic ◽  
Dejan Markovic ◽  
Vojkan Dimitrijevic ◽  
Dragan Markovic
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Ammonium Nitrogen ◽  
Field Analysis ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Physico Chemical

This paper shows the results obtained in field analysis performed at the Tamis River, starting from the settlement Jasa Tomic - border between Serbia and Romania to Pancevo - confluence of Tamis into the Danube. The Tamis is a 359 km long river rising in the southern Carpathian Mountains. It flows through the Banat region and flows into the Danube near Pancevo. During the years the water quality of the river has severely deteriorated and badly affected the environment and the river ecosystem. In situ measurements enabled determination of physico-chemical parameters of water quality of the Tamis River on every 400 m of the watercourse, such as: water temperature, pH value, electrical conductivity, contents of dissolved oxygen and oxygen saturation. The main reason of higher pollution of Tamis is seen in connection to DTD hydro system. Sampling was performed at 7 points with regard to color, turbidity, total hardness, alkalinity, concentration of ammonium nitrogen, nitrite nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, iron, chlorides and sulphates in samples. The aim of the present work was to evaluate water quality in the Tamis River taking into account significant pollution, which originates from settlements, industry and agriculture, and to suggest appropriate preventive measures to further pollution decreasing of the river's water.

scholarly journals Fundamentals of in Situ Digital Camera Methodology for Water Quality Monitoring of Coast and Ocean

Sensors ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 5825-5843 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lonneke Goddijn-Murphy ◽  
Damien Dailloux ◽  
Martin White ◽  
Dave Bowers
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Digital Camera ◽  
Water Quality Monitoring ◽  
Quality Monitoring

Sensory aspects of drinking water in contact with epoxy lined copper pipe

2007 ◽  
Vol 55 (5) ◽  
pp. 161-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
T.H. Heim ◽  
A.M. Dietrich
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Sensory Analysis ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Distribution Systems ◽  
Free Chlorine ◽  
Copper Pipe

Pipe relining via in situ epoxy lining is used to remediate corroded plumbing or distribution systems. This investigation examined the effects on odour, TOC, THM formation and disinfectant demand in water exposed to epoxy-lined copper pipes used for home plumbing. The study was conducted in accordance with the Utility Quick Test, a migration/leaching method for utilities to conduct sensory analysis of materials in contact with drinking water. The test was performed using water with no disinfectant and levels of chlorine and monochloramines representative of those found in the distribution system. Panelists repeatedly and consistently described a “plastic/adhesive/putty” odour in the water from the pipes. The odour intensity remained relatively constant for each of two subsequent flushes. Water samples stored in the epoxy-lined pipes showed a significant increase in the leaching of organic compounds (as TOC), and this TOC was demonstrated to react with free chlorine to form trichloromethane. Water stored in the pipes also showed a marked increase in disinfectant demand relative to the water stored in glass control flasks. A study conducted at a full scale installation at an apartment demonstrated that after installation and regular use, the epoxy lining did not yield detectable differences in water quality.

scholarly journals Temporal Variation of Chlorophyll-a Concentrations in Highly Dynamic Waters from Unattended Sensors and Remote Sensing Observations

Sensors ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (8) ◽  
pp. 2699 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian Li ◽  
Liqiao Tian ◽  
Qingjun Song ◽  
Zhaohua Sun ◽  
Hongjing Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
Chlorophyll Fluorescence ◽  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Temporal Variations ◽  
Lake Area ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Chl A ◽  
Spatio Temporal

Monitoring of water quality changes in highly dynamic inland lakes is frequently impeded by insufficient spatial and temporal coverage, for both field surveys and remote sensing methods. To track short-term variations of chlorophyll fluorescence and chlorophyll-a concentrations in Poyang Lake, the largest freshwater lake in China, high-frequency, in-situ, measurements were collected from two fixed stations. The K-mean clustering method was also applied to identify clusters with similar spatio-temporal variations, using remote sensing Chl-a data products from the MERIS satellite, taken from 2003 to 2012. Four lake area classes were obtained with distinct spatio-temporal patterns, two of which were selected for in situ measurement. Distinct daily periodic variations were observed, with peaks at approximately 3:00 PM and troughs at night or early morning. Short-term variations of chlorophyll fluorescence and Chl-a levels were revealed, with a maximum intra-diurnal ratio of 5.1 and inter-diurnal ratio of 7.4, respectively. Using geostatistical analysis, the temporal range of chlorophyll fluorescence and corresponding Chl-a variations was determined to be 9.6 h, which indicates that there is a temporal discrepancy between Chl-a variations and the sampling frequency of current satellite missions. An analysis of the optimal sampling strategies demonstrated that the influence of the sampling time on the mean Chl-a concentrations observed was higher than 25%, and the uncertainty of any single Terra/MODIS or Aqua/MODIS observation was approximately 15%. Therefore, sampling twice a day is essential to resolve Chl-a variations with a bias level of 10% or less. The results highlight short-term variations of critical water quality parameters in freshwater, and they help identify specific design requirements for geostationary earth observation missions, so that they can better address the challenges of monitoring complex coastal and inland environments around the world.

scholarly journals 1 ML Wetting Layer upon Ga(As)Sb Quantum Dot (QD) Formation on GaAs Substrate Monitored with Reflectance Anisotropy Spectroscopy (RAS)

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Henning Fouckhardt ◽  
Johannes Strassner ◽  
Thomas H. Loeber ◽  
Christoph Doering
Keyword(s):  
Gaas Substrate ◽  
Semiconductor Quantum Dots ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Difference Spectroscopy ◽  
Wetting Layer ◽  
Reflectance Anisotropy ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Monitoring Technique ◽  
Scientific Dispute

III/V semiconductor quantum dots (QD) are in the focus of optoelectronics research for about 25 years now. Most of the work has been done on InAs QD on GaAs substrate. But, e.g., Ga(As)Sb (antimonide) QD on GaAs substrate/buffer have also gained attention for the last 12 years. There is a scientific dispute on whether there is a wetting layer before antimonide QD formation, as commonly expected for Stransky-Krastanov growth, or not. Usually ex situ photoluminescence (PL) and atomic force microscope (AFM) measurements are performed to resolve similar issues. In this contribution, we show that reflectance anisotropy/difference spectroscopy (RAS/RDS) can be used for the same purpose as an in situ, real-time monitoring technique. It can be employed not only to identify QD growth via a distinct RAS spectrum, but also to get information on the existence of a wetting layer and its thickness. The data suggest that for antimonide QD growth the wetting layer has a thickness of 1 ML (one monolayer) only.

scholarly journals Field Spectroscopy as a Tool for Enhancing Water Quality Monitoring in the ACE Basin, SC

2017 ◽  
pp. 41-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caitlyn C. Mayer ◽  
Khalid A. Ali
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
South Carolina ◽  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Algal Species ◽  
Water Quality Monitoring ◽  
Water Systems ◽  
Quality Monitoring ◽  
Least Squares Regression ◽  
Monitoring Methods

The Ashepoo, Combahee, Edisto (ACE) Basin in South Carolina is one of the largest undeveloped estuaries in the Southeastern United States. This system is monitored and protected by several government agencies to ensure its health and preservation. However, as populations in surrounding cities rapidly expand and land is urbanized, the surrounding water systems may decline from an influx of contaminants, leading to hypoxia, fish kills, and eutrophication. Conventional in situ water quality monitoring methods are timely and costly. Satellite remote sensing methods are used globally to monitor water systems and can produce an instantaneous synopsis of color-producing agents (CPAs), including chlorophyll-a, suspended matter (TSM), and colored-dissolved organic matter by applying bio-optical models. In this study, field, laboratory, and historical land use land cover (LULC) data were collected during the summers of 2002, 2011, 2015, and 2016. The results indicated higher levels of chlorophyll, ranging from 2.94 to 12.19 μg/L, and TSM values were from 60.4 to 155.2 mg/L between field seasons, with values increasing with time. A model was developed using multivariate, partial least squares regression (PLSR) to identify wavelengths that are more sensitive to chlorophyll-a (R2 = 0.49; RMSE = 1.8 μg/L) and TSM (R2 = 0.40; RMSE = 12.9 mg/L). The imbrication of absorption and reflectance features characterizing sediments and algal species in ACE Basin waters make it difficult for remote sensors to distinguish variations among in situ concentrations. The results from this study provide a strong foundation for the future of water quality monitoring and for the protection of biodiversity in the ACE basin.

scholarly journals Analysis of Gastropod Diversity as a Bioindicator of Waters in Situ Ciburuy Padalarang, West Bandung Regency, West Java, Indonesia

2021 ◽  
pp. 10-19
Author(s):  
Erwin Theofilius ◽  
Zahidah Hasan ◽  
Asep Agus Handaka ◽  
Herman Hamndani
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Species Diversity ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Gastropod Species ◽  
Evenness Index

This study conducted to determine the water quality of Situ Ciburuy based on the structure of the gastropod community as a bioindicator. The survey method used in this study based on collecting data directly at the research area (purpose sampling method).  For instance, species and density of gastropods were descriptively analyzed, using diversity index and evenes index. For instance, The findings showed that level of water quality in  Situ Ciburuy based on gastropods bioindicators was lightly polluted. That is indicated by the low to moderate diversity of gastropods, which ranges from 1.31-1.98. The Shannon evenness index (0,73-0.95) revealed low gastropod species diversity in Situ Ciburuy, indicating low evenness of gastropod in Situ Ciburuy.

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