scholarly journals Effectiveness of the dispersion of iron nanoparticles within micropores and mesopores of activated carbon for Rhodamine B removal in wastewater by the heterogeneous Fenton process

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bi Gouessé Henri Briton ◽  
Laurent Duclaux ◽  
Yohan Richardson ◽  
Kouassi Benjamin Yao ◽  
Laurence Reinert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Rhodamine B ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Catalytic Efficiency ◽  
Iron Sulfate ◽  
Fenton Process ◽  
Heterogeneous Fenton ◽  
Pore Size Distributions ◽  
Iron Based ◽  
Carbon Catalysts

Abstract Iron-based nanoparticles were formed in the pores of a micro- and mesoporous activated carbon made from banana spike by the impregnation of iron sulfate at various ratios and further pyrolysis, in order to prepare three catalysts AC@Fe/1, AC@Fe/2, AC@Fe/3 having iron mass contents of 1.6%, 2.2% and 3.3%, respectively. The pore size distributions, transmission electron microscope observations and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analyses have revealed that iron-based nanoparticles of 1–50 nm diameter, containing O and P, are located mainly in the supermicropores and mesopores of the activated carbon. Catalysts have been used to remove Rhodamine B in an aqueous solution by the heterogeneous Fenton process. AC@Fe/3 catalyst has allowed achieving 93% of solution discoloration compared to 87.4% for AC@Fe/2 and 78.5% for AC@Fe/1 after 180 min in batch reaction. The catalytic efficiency of AC@Fe/3 is attributed to the highest dispersion of the iron-based nanoparticles in the activated carbon porosity. The effects of hydrogen peroxide and initial dye concentration, pH, catalyst amount and temperature on the Rhodamine B removal kinetics catalyzed by AC@Fe/3 were studied. This catalyst showed remarkable performances of the Rhodamine B mineralization and possibility of recycling.

scholarly journals Biomass-Derived Activated Carbon as a Catalyst for the Effective Degradation of Rhodamine B dye

Processes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 926
Author(s):  
Shamim Ahmed Hira ◽  
Mohammad Yusuf ◽  
Dicky Annas ◽  
Hu Shi Hui ◽  
Kang Hyun Park
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Rhodamine B ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
High Specific Surface Area ◽  
High Porosity ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Transmission Electron

Activated carbon (AC) was fabricated from carrot waste using ZnCl2 as the activating agent and calcined at 700 °C for 2 h in a tube furnace. The as-synthesized AC was characterized using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction analysis, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller analysis; the results revealed that it exhibited a high specific surface area and high porosity. Moreover, this material displayed superior catalytic activity for the degradation of toxic Rhodamine B (RhB) dye. Rate constant for the degradation of RhB was ascertained at different experimental conditions. Lastly, we used the Arrhenius equation and determined that the activation energy for the decomposition of RhB using AC was approximately 35.9 kJ mol−1, which was very low. Hopefully it will create a great platform for the degradation of other toxic dye in near future.

Magnetic Nd2Fe14B Actived Carbon: Fabrication and Heterogeneous Fenton Oxidation of Congo Red

2014 ◽  
Vol 675-677 ◽  
pp. 426-429
Author(s):  
Chun Wei Yang ◽  
Dong Wang ◽  
Qian Tang
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Congo Red ◽  
Fenton Oxidation ◽  
Fenton Process ◽  
Heterogeneous Fenton ◽  
Pseudo First Order Reaction ◽  
Fenton Catalyst ◽  
Heterogeneous Fenton Oxidation ◽  
Dyestuff Wastewater ◽  
Actived Carbon

Magnetic Nd2Fe14B activated carbon, a new kind of heterogeneous Fenton catalyst has been synthesis to treat the dyestuff wastewater. The obtained catalysts were characterized by X-raydiffraction (XRD) and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), and the catalytic activity in heterogeneous Fenton oxidation of Congo red was evaluated. Experiments show that the Nd2Fe14B activated carbon has hard magnetic properties. The saturated magnetization, remanence and coercive force were 15.93emu/g, 6.0emu/g, and 1313Oe, respectively. The results also indicated that Nd2Fe14B activated carbon has good performance on azo dye Congo red oxidation with heterogeneous Fenton process. Under the optimum conditions ([NdFeB-AC-FC]0=20g/L, [H2O2]0= 8mmol/L and pH=7.0), Congo red degradation rate could reach 83.4%. The pH had few effects on heterogeneous Fenton process degraded Congo red. The kinetics studied shown that Congo red degraded followed the pseudo-first-order reaction by heterogeneous Fenton process.

Highly Active Heterogeneous Fenton-Like Systems Based on Fe3O4 Nanoparticles

2011 ◽  
Vol 233-235 ◽  
pp. 487-490 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Wang ◽  
Tie Long Li ◽  
Ying Liu ◽  
Ming Hua Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Environmental Remediation ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Catalytic Efficiency ◽  
Alkaline Media ◽  
Homogeneous Catalyst ◽  
Fenton Reagent ◽  
Heterogeneous Fenton ◽  
X Ray

In this work, magnetic nanoscale Fe3O4 particles were synthesized through coprecipitation of Fe(II) and Fe(III) in alkaline media. The structure, composition and properties of the nanoparticles prepared were characterized by transmission electron microscope (TEM), X-ray diffractometer (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). Catalytic efficiency of the Fe3O4 nanoparticles was tested in degradation of phenol solution. At pH 7, the chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal rate reached 70% in 3 hours. The heterogeneous catalyst exhibited efficient catalytic activity close to that of iron homogeneous catalyst but with less than 3% leaching of irons cation. Further, it performed well under much wider pH range (pH 3~7) compared to classic Fenton reagent, providing potential alternative as a novel heterogeneous Fenton catalyst for environmental remediation.

scholarly journals Correction: Iron-based clusters embedded in nitrogen doped activated carbon catalysts with superior cathodic activity in microbial fuel cells

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (21) ◽  
pp. 11056-11057
Author(s):  
Xiaoyuan Zhang ◽  
Xingguo Guo ◽  
Qiuying Wang ◽  
Rufan Zhang ◽  
Ting Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Microbial Fuel Cells ◽  
Nitrogen Doped ◽  
Iron Based ◽  
Carbon Catalysts

Correction for ‘Iron-based clusters embedded in nitrogen doped activated carbon catalysts with superior cathodic activity in microbial fuel cells’ by Xiaoyuan Zhang et al., J. Mater. Chem. A, 2020, DOI: 10.1039/C9TA10797E.

scholarly journals TBO Degradation by Heterogeneous Fenton-like Reaction Using Fe Supported over Activated Carbon

Catalysts ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 1456
Author(s):  
Brahim Samir ◽  
Soumia Bakhta ◽  
Nabil Bouazizi ◽  
Zahra Sadaoui ◽  
Ouiza Allalou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Waste Product ◽  
Heterogeneous Fenton ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Fe Catalyst ◽  
Degradation Rates ◽  
Initial Ph ◽  
Hazardous Pollutants

This study reports on the synthesis, immobilization, and stabilization of iron (Fe) particles in activated carbon (AC) from date stem material for the heterogeneous Fenton-like removal of hazardous pollutants from water. AC-Fe was synthesized through a simple and sustainable chemical reaction using and resulting in an environmentally friendly material (AC-Fe). X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and energy-dispersive X-ray analyses (EDX) were used to characterize the synthesized samples. XRD, FTIR and XPS results showed the successful incorporation of iron particles onto AC. SEM images indicated smooth surfaces with clearly visible Fe particles. Compared to pure AC, AC-Fe showed higher degradation rates of toluidine blue O (TBO) dye. The effects of the initial pH and TBO and H2O2 concentrations on TBO degradation were investigated. The AC-Fe catalyst proved highly efficient in the Fenton-like degradation of TBO (50 ppm), with the removal of up to 99% in 3 min. This catalyst was used efficiently for up to four repeated cycles. The improved catalytic activity of AC-Fe was related to Fe particles for the generation of HO•. These results prove that date stems—a waste product from agriculture—are a suitable precursor for preparing an appropriate AC and catalyst and for eliminating dyes from an aqueous solution by a heterogeneous Fenton-like reaction. The above results open an interesting avenue for the development of functional green catalysts based on AC-Fe for pollution removal.

Iron-based clusters embedded in nitrogen doped activated carbon catalysts with superior cathodic activity in microbial fuel cells

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (21) ◽  
pp. 10772-10778 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoyuan Zhang ◽  
Xingguo Guo ◽  
Qiuying Wang ◽  
Rufan Zhang ◽  
Ting Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Microbial Fuel Cells ◽  
Active Sites ◽  
High Exposure ◽  
Nitrogen Doped ◽  
Iron Based ◽  
Carbon Catalysts

Fe-clusters/NAC catalysts showed superior cathodic activity due to the high exposure of iron-based clusters and other active sites.

scholarly journals Formation of Formaldehyde and Other Byproducts by TiO2 Photocatalyst Materials

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 4821
Author(s):  
Weijia Yu ◽  
Marten in `t Veld ◽  
Rossana Bossi ◽  
Mohamed Ateia ◽  
Dominique Tobler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Dimethyl Sulfide ◽  
Flow Reactor ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Dimethyl Disulfide ◽  
Bet Surface Area ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Pore Size Distributions

Photocatalysts promised to control pollution in an environmentally benign manner, inexpensively, and with a low or cheap energy input. However, the limited chemical activity of photocatalysts has prevented their widespread use. This limitation has two important consequences; in addition to limited removal efficiency for pollution, photocatalysts may also generate unwanted byproducts due to incomplete reaction. This study focuses on the byproducts formed in the photocatalytic degradation of dimethyl sulfide (DMS) on titanium dioxide (TiO2), using a continuous flow reactor and detection via proton transfer reaction mass spectrometry. TiO2, activated carbon (AC), TiO2/AC (1:1) and TiO2/AC (1:5) were tested using either a laser-driven light source or LED lamps at 365 nm. The samples were characterized using a N2-BET surface area and pore size distributions, Scanning Electron Microscopy, X-ray Diffraction, and X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy, which confirmed that TiO2 was successfully coated on activated carbon without unexpected phases. TiO2 and activated carbon showed different removal mechanisms for DMS. The maximum yield of formaldehyde, 11.4%, was observed for DMS reacting on a TiO2/AC (1:5) composite operating at a DMS removal efficiency of 31.7% at 50 ∘C. In addition to formaldehdye, significant products included acetone and dimethyl disulfide. In all, observed byproducts accounted for over half of the DMS material removed from the airstream. The TiO2/AC (1:5) and TiO2/AC (1:1) composites have a lower removal efficiency than TiO2, but a higher yield of byproducts. Experiments conducted from 20 ∘C to 70 ∘C showed that as temperature increases, the removal efficiency decreases and the production of byproducts increases even more. This is attributed both to decreased surface activity at high temperatures due to increased recombination of reactive species, and to the decreased residence time of volatile compounds on a hot surface. This study shows that potentially dangerous byproducts are formed by photocatalytic reactors because the reaction is incomplete under the conditions generally employed.

scholarly journals Pretreatment of Switchgrass for Production of Glucose via Sulfonic Acid-Impregnated Activated Carbon

Processes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 504
Author(s):  
Yane Ansanay ◽  
Praveen Kolar ◽  
Ratna Sharma-Shivappa ◽  
Jay Cheng ◽  
Consuelo Arellano
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Sulfonic Acid ◽  
Solid Acid ◽  
Methanesulfonic Acid ◽  
Biofuel Production ◽  
Acid Catalysts ◽  
Effects Of Temperature ◽  
Carbon Catalysts ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

In the present research, activated carbon-supported sulfonic acid catalysts were synthesized and tested as pretreatment agents for the conversion of switchgrass into glucose. The catalysts were synthesized by reacting sulfuric acid, methanesulfonic acid, and p-toluenesulfonic acid with activated carbon. The characterization of catalysts suggested an increase in surface acidities, while surface area and pore volumes decreased because of sulfonation. Batch experiments were performed in 125 mL serum bottles to investigate the effects of temperature (30, 60, and 90 °C), reaction time (90 and 120 min) on the yields of glucose. Enzymatic hydrolysis of pretreated switchgrass using Ctec2 yielded up to 57.13% glucose. Durability tests indicated that sulfonic solid-impregnated carbon catalysts were able to maintain activity even after three cycles. From the results obtained, the solid acid catalysts appear to serve as effective pretreatment agents and can potentially reduce the use of conventional liquid acids and bases in biomass-into-biofuel production.

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