scholarly journals Effect of drill pipe orbital motion on non-Newtonian fluid flow in an eccentric wellbore: a study with computational fluid dynamics

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hicham Ferroudji ◽  
Ahmed Hadjadj ◽  
Titus Ntow Ofei ◽  
Rahul Narayanrao Gajbhiye ◽  
Mohammad Azizur Rahman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Law ◽  
Orbital Motion ◽  
Drilling Fluid ◽  
Fluid Velocity ◽  
Drill Pipe ◽  
Drill String ◽  
Diameter Ratio ◽  
Correct Prediction ◽  
Eccentric Annulus ◽  
The Impact

AbstractTo ensure an effective drilling operation of an explored well, the associated hydraulics program should be established carefully based on the correct prediction of a drilling fluid’s pressure drop and velocity field. For that, the impact of the drill string orbital motion should be considered by drilling engineers since it has an important influence on the flow of drilling fluid and cuttings transport process. In the present investigation, the finite volume method coupled with the sliding mesh approach is used to analyze the influence of the inner cylinder orbital motion on the flow of a power-law fluid (Ostwald-de Waele) in an annular geometry. The findings indicate that the orbital motion positively affects the homogeneity of the power-law axial velocity through the entire eccentric annulus; however, this impact diminishes as the diameter ratio increases. In addition, higher torque is induced when the orbital motion occurs, especially for high values of eccentricity and diameter ratio; nonetheless, a slight decrease in torque is recorded when the fluid velocity increases.

Pipe stick problems of deep well drilling

2021 ◽  
Vol 66 (05) ◽  
pp. 192-195
Author(s):  
Rövşən Azər oğlu İsmayılov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Drilling Fluid ◽  
Drill Pipe ◽  
Drill String ◽  
Differential Pressure ◽  
Drilling Mud ◽  
Fluid Circulation ◽  
Well Drilling ◽  
Deep Well ◽  
Pressure Pipe ◽  
Bottomhole Pressure

The aricle is about the pipe stick problems of deep well drilling. Pipe stick problem is one of the drilling problems. There are two types of pipe stick problems exist. One of them is differential pressure pipe sticking. Another one of them is mechanical pipe sticking. There are a lot of reasons for pipe stick problems. Indigators of differential pressure sticking are increase in torque and drug forces, inability to reciprocate drill string and uninterrupted drilling fluid circulation. Key words: pipe stick, mecanical pipe stick,difference of pressure, drill pipe, drilling mud, bottomhole pressure, formation pressure

Scaling Formulae for the Wellbore Hydraulics Similitude with Drill Pipe Rotation and Eccentricity

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thad Nosar ◽  
Pooya Khodaparast ◽  
Wei Zhang ◽  
Amin Mehrabian
Keyword(s):  
Power Law ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Annular Flow ◽  
Rotation Speed ◽  
Drilling Fluid ◽  
Drill Pipe ◽  
Flow Loop ◽  
Annular Flows ◽  
Fluid Rheology ◽  
Pipe Rotation

Abstract Equivalent circulation density of the fluid circulation system in drilling rigs is determined by the frictional pressure losses in the wellbore annulus. Flow loop experiments are commonly used to simulate the annular wellbore hydraulics in the laboratory. However, proper scaling of the experiment design parameters including the drill pipe rotation and eccentricity has been a weak link in the literature. Our study uses the similarity laws and dimensional analysis to obtain a complete set of scaling formulae that would relate the pressure loss gradients of annular flows at the laboratory and wellbore scales while considering the effects of inner pipe rotation and eccentricity. Dimensional analysis is conducted for commonly encountered types of drilling fluid rheology, namely, Newtonian, power-law, and yield power-law. Appropriate dimensionless groups of the involved variables are developed to characterize fluid flow in an eccentric annulus with a rotating inner pipe. Characteristic shear strain rate at the pipe walls is obtained from the characteristic velocity and length scale of the considered annular flow. The relation between lab-scale and wellbore scale variables are obtained by imposing the geometric, kinematic, and dynamic similarities between the laboratory flow loop and wellbore annular flows. The outcomes of the considered scaling scheme is expressed in terms of closed-form formulae that would determine the flow rate and inner pipe rotation speed of the laboratory experiments in terms of the wellbore flow rate and drill pipe rotation speed, as well as other parameters of the problem, in such a way that the resulting Fanning friction factors of the laboratory and wellbore-scale annular flows become identical. Findings suggest that the appropriate value for lab flow rate and pipe rotation speed are linearly related to those of the field condition for all fluid types. The length ratio, density ratio, consistency index ratio, and power index determine the proportionality constant. Attaining complete similarity between the similitude and wellbore-scale annular flow may require the fluid rheology of the lab experiments to be different from the drilling fluid. The expressions of lab flow rate and rotational speed for the yield power-law fluid are identical to those of the power-law fluid case, provided that the yield stress of the lab fluid is constrained to a proper value.

Case Studies for the Successful Deployment of Wells Augmented Stuck Pipe Indicator in Wells Real Time Centre

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meor M. Meor Hashim ◽  
M. Hazwan Yusoff ◽  
M. Faris Arriffin ◽  
Azlan Mohamad ◽  
Tengku Ezharuddin Tengku Bidin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Drilling Fluid ◽  
Drill String ◽  
Drilling Operation ◽  
Cost Impact ◽  
Drilling Parameters ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Productive Time ◽  
Specific Challenge

Abstract The restriction or inability of the drill string to reciprocate or rotate while in the borehole is commonly known as a stuck pipe. This event is typically accompanied by constraints in drilling fluid flow, except for differential sticking. The stuck pipe can manifest based on three different mechanisms, i.e. pack-off, differential sticking, and wellbore geometry. Despite its infrequent occurrence, non-productive time (NPT) events have a massive cost impact. Nevertheless, stuck pipe incidents can be evaded with proper identification of its unique symptoms which allows an early intervention and remediation action. Over the decades, multiple analytical studies have been attempted to predict stuck pipe occurrences. The latest venture into this drilling operational challenge now utilizes Machine Learning (ML) algorithms in forecasting stuck pipe risk. An ML solution namely, Wells Augmented Stuck Pipe Indicator (WASP), is developed to tackle this specific challenge. The solution leverages on real-time drilling database and supplementary engineering design information to estimate proxy drilling parameters which provide active and impartial pattern recognition of prospective stuck pipe events. The solution is built to assist Wells Real Time Centre (WRTC) personnel in proactively providing a holistic perspective in anticipating potential anomalies and recommending remedial countermeasures before incidents happen. Several case studies are outlined to exhibit the impact of WASP in real-time drilling operation monitoring and intervention where WASP is capable to identify stuck pipe symptoms a few hours earlier and provide warnings for stuck pipe avoidance. The presented case studies were run on various live wells where restrictions are predicted stands ahead of the incidents. Warnings and alarms were generated, allowing further analysis by the personnel to verify and assess the situation before delivering a precautionary procedure to the rig site. The implementation of the WASP will reduce analysis time and provide timely prescriptive action in the proactive real-time drilling operation monitoring and intervention hub, subsequently creating value through cost containment and operational efficiency.

Heat Transfer Enhancement in Annular Shear-Thinning Flows Over a Sudden Pipe Expansion

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khaled J. Hammad
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Heat Transfer Enhancement ◽  
Power Law ◽  
Shear Thinning ◽  
Diameter Ratio ◽  
Transfer Enhancement ◽  
Heat Transfer Augmentation ◽  
Prandtl Numbers ◽  
Power Law Index ◽  
The Impact

Heat transfer enhancement in suddenly expanding annular pipe flows of a shear-thinning non-Newtonian fluid is studied within the steady laminar flow regime. Conservation of mass, momentum, and energy equations, along with the power-law constitutive model are numerically solved. The impact of inflow inertia, annular-nozzle-diameter-ratio, k, power-law index, n, and Prandtl numbers, is reported for: Re = {50, 100}, k = {0, 0.5, 0.7}; n = {1, 0.8, 0.6}; and Pr = {1, 10, 100}. Heat transfer enhancement downstream of the expansion plane, i.e., Nusselt numbers, Nu, higher than the fully developed value, in the downstream pipe, is observed only for Pr = 10 and 100. Higher Prandtl numbers, power-law index values, and annular diameter ratios, in general, reflect a more dramatic heat transfer augmentation downstream of the expansion plane. Heat transfer augmentation for Pr = 10 and 100, is more dramatic for suddenly expanding annular flows, in comparison with suddenly expanding pipe flow. For a given annular diameter ratio and Reynolds numbers, increasing the Prandtl number from Pr = 10 to Pr = 100, always results in higher peak Nu values, for both Newtonian and shear-thinning non-Newtonian flows.

scholarly journals Drillstring Failure: Analytical and Experimental Approach

2019 ◽  
Vol 300 ◽  
pp. 04004
Author(s):  
Edris Hassan ◽  
Jamil Abdo ◽  
Jan Kwak ◽  
Abdullah Al Shabibi
Keyword(s):  
Torsional Vibration ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Drill Pipe ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Drill String ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Experimental Investigations ◽  
Torsional Vibrations ◽  
Stick Slip ◽  
The Impact

Drilling is one of the costliest activities in oil and gas industry due to the complexity of interactions with downhole rock formation. Under such conditions, the uncertainty of drillstring behaviour increase and hence it becomes difficult to predict the causes, occurrences, and types of failures. Lateral and torsional vibrations often cause failure of Bottom Hole Assembly (BHA), drillstring failure, drill bit and wall borehole damages. In this work, a model is presented to determine the impact of lateral and torsional vibrations on a drillstring during the drilling operation. The model aims to mimic real drillstring behaviour inside a wellbore with regards to its dynamic movements due to multiple real situations such as eccentricity of collars, drill pipe sections, and stick-slip phenomena occurring due to the interaction of the bit and the drillstring with the well formation. The work aims to develop a basis for determining critical operating speeds and design parameters to provide safe drilling procedures and reduce drill string fatigue failure. Lagrangian approach is used in this study to attain drillstring lateral and torsional vibration coupling equations. The nonlinear equations are solved numerically to obtain the response of the system. In this work, we also present a brief description of an in-house constructed experimental setup. The setup has the capability to imitate the downhole lateral and torsional vibration modes. Parameters from the experimental investigations are incorporated for validation of the mathematical models and for prediction of the drillstring fatigue life. Such investigations are essential for oil and gas industries as they provide solutions and recommendations about operational speed, lateral and torsional amplitudes measurements and corrections, and the conditions for avoiding occurrence of natural frequencies of the system.

New Approaches for Drilling Highly Depleted Reservoir in Deep Water Wells

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ola Mohamed Balbaa ◽  
Hesham Mohamed ◽  
Sherif Mohamed Elkholy ◽  
Mohamed ElRashidy ◽  
Robert Munger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Deep Water ◽  
Drilling Fluid ◽  
Drill Pipe ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Drill String ◽  
Drilling Fluids ◽  
Prevention Measures ◽  
Enabling Factors ◽  
Design Changes ◽  
The Mediterranean

Abstract While drilling highly depleted gas reservoirs with a very narrow drilling window, Common drilling methods like utilizing loss of circulation pills, wellbore strengthening materials and managed pressure drilling (MPD) are being used in several reservoirs, yet it cannot be successful or cost effective if applied in a traditional manner. Innovative approaches to enable drilling wells in highly depleted reservoir in the Mediterranean deep water were adopted. The approaches incorporated design changes to the well and Bottom hole assembly (BHA), optimized drilling practices, and unconventional use of MPD while drilling and cementing production liner. Well design change in comparison to offset wells to allow drilling the reservoir in one hole section. Several design changes were considered in the BHA and drilling fluids to prevent as well as mitigate losses and differential sticking risks. From the BHA viewpoint, one of the key successful prevention measures was maximizing the standoff to reduce the contact area with the formation, this was achieved through utilizing spiral heavy wall drill pipe (HWDP) instead of drill collars in addition to a modeled placement of stabilizers and roller reamers. While on the drilling fluid side, Calcium carbonate material was added to strengthen wellbore, prevent losses and avoid formation damage. Particle size up to 1000 micron and concentration up to 40ppb was used to strengthen the depleted sands dynamically while drilling. Furthermore, as mitigation to stuck pipe, Jar and accelerator placement was simulated to achieve optimum impulse and impact force while maintaining the Jar above potential sticking zone. Whereas to address the consequence of a stuck pipe event, disconnect subs were placed in BHA to allow for recovering the drill string efficiently. MPD was first introduced in the Mediterranean in 2007 and continued to develop this well-known technique to mitigate various drilling challenges. For this well, MPD was one of the key enabling factors to safely drill, run and cement the production liner. Surface back pressure MPD allowed using the lowest possible mud weight in the hole and maintaining downhole pressure constant in order to manage the narrow drilling window between the formation pressure and fracture pressure (less than 0.4 ppg). MPD was also applied for the first time for running and cementing the production liner to prevent losses and achieve good cement quality which is a key to successful well production.

THE INFLUENCE OF FRICTION FORCES ON LONGITUDINAL WAVE PROPAGATION IN A STUCK DRILL STRING IN A BOREHOLE

Tribologia ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 282 (6) ◽  
pp. 79-87
Author(s):  
Yevhen KHARCHENKO ◽  
Andrii HUTYI ◽  
Volodymyr HAIDUK
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Drill Pipe ◽  
Computer Software ◽  
Drill String ◽  
The Body ◽  
Friction Forces ◽  
Impact Mechanism ◽  
Drilling Rig ◽  
Longitudinal Wave Propagation ◽  
The Impact

A mathematical model and the computer software for the analysis of dynamic processes occurring in the drilling pipes in the borehole under stuck drill string release by means of an impact mechanism (a jerking device) or a pulse-wave installation, equipped with electric linear pulse motor are presented. The drill string with an impact mechanism, which is inserted over the stuck section after failure, is detected and is activated by lowering and taking the non-stuck upper part of the string by means of the drilling rig drive and is considered as a discrete-continuous mechanical system. As a result of the impact of the hammer on the body of the impact mechanism, wave processes are formed in the drill string, which helps to release the stuck drill string. The influence of friction forces on propagation of longitudinal waves in the drill pipe string is investigated. Practical recommendations are developed regarding the above-mentioned efficiency of drilling for oil and gas.

Inflow Conditions and Suddenly Expanding Annular Shear-Thinning Flows

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khaled J. Hammad
Keyword(s):  
Power Law ◽  
Numerical Solutions ◽  
Shear Thinning ◽  
Diameter Ratio ◽  
Inflow Velocity ◽  
Flow Recirculation ◽  
Shear Thinning Fluids ◽  
Power Law Index ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Inflow Conditions

The impact of inflow conditions on the flow structure and evolution characteristics of annular flows of Newtonian and shear-thinning fluids through a sudden pipe expansion are studied. Numerical solutions to the elliptic form of the governing equations along with the power-law constitutive equation were obtained using a finite-difference scheme. A parametric study is performed to reveal the influence of inflow velocity profiles, annular diameter ratio, k, and power-law index, n, over the following range of parameters: inflow velocity profile = {fully-developed, uniform}, k = {0, 0.5, 0.7} and n = {1, 0.8, 0.6}. Flow separation and entrainment, downstream of the expansion plane, creates central and a much larger outer recirculation regions. The results demonstrate the influence of inflow conditions, annular diameter ratio, and rheology on the extent and intensity of both flow recirculation regions, the wall shear stress distribution, and the evolution and redevelopment characteristics of the flow downstream the expansion plane. Fully-developed inflows result in larger reattachment and redevelopment lengths as well as more intense recirculation, within the central and corner regions, in comparison with uniform inflow conditions.

scholarly journals The impact of heavy-weight drill pipe on the spectrum of longitudinal oscillations boring tool

2015 ◽  
pp. 82-91
Author(s):  
Катерина Григорівна Левчук
Keyword(s):  
Drill Pipe ◽  
Drill String ◽  
Frequency Range ◽  
Natural Vibrations ◽  
Actual Problem ◽  
High Profile ◽  
String Vibration ◽  
Boring Tool ◽  
The Impact ◽  
External Loads

When drilling holes in the operation breed destructive tool and drill string are destroyed as a result of elastic vibrations and static and external loads. Therefore, the actual problem is the study of the spectrum of natural vibrations of the drill string, depending on its layout (number of sections), the total length of the sections, the cross-section of drill pipe. The development of methods for determining the frequency range for each configuration of the drill string will predict the emergence of high-profile areas. The development of methods for determining the frequency range for each configuration of the drill string will predict the emergence of high-profile areas. The use of the boring tool for these unwanted frequencies, but in case of accidents (stuck drill string) vibration method should be adjusted exactly to the resonance frequency.

Simplified Predictive Model for Downhole Pressure Surges During Tripping Operations Using Power Law Drilling Fluids

2020 ◽  
Vol 142 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shwetank Krishna ◽  
Syahrir Ridha ◽  
Pandian Vasant ◽  
Suhaib Umer Ilyas ◽  
Titus Ntow Ofei
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Power Law ◽  
Fluid Velocity ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Considerable Effect ◽  
Analytical Models ◽  
Fluid Loss ◽  
Drilling Fluids ◽  
Minor Effect ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Surge/swab pressure is a crucial parameter that provokes well-control problems such as fluid loss, fractured formations, fluid influx, and kick. Thus, a precise estimation of differential pressure is required to evade any unforeseen drilling difficulties. The existing predictive models are based on narrow-slot approximation methods and consider the effect of drilling string axial movement on downhole pressure surges. However, it ignores the impact on the boundaries of the annular fluid velocity zone by the tripping velocity. In this research, a simplified model is developed using the flow velocity profile generated in the annulus by the tripping operation and the concentric annular Couette fluid flow phenomena for power-law fluid. A comparative study is performed with the existing analytical models and the experimental data to validate the developed model. The obtained results are convincingly in good agreement with the analytical and experimental data. A parametric study is performed to identify the effect of various parameters on surge/swab pressure. It is found that the diameter ratio has a significant impact on pressure differential with the increase in the tripping velocity. The fluid behavior index exhibits a considerable effect, and fluid consistency index shows a minor effect on the surge pressure gradient. The simplified developed model requires less numerical analysis to determine the outcomes for varying industrial applications, especially petroleum drilling operations.

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