Human Breast Milk: Bioactive Components, from Stem Cells to Health Outcomes

Study Design: Experimental animal study.Purpose: This study investigated the therapeutic effects of human breast milk stem cell (BMSC)-conditioned medium (BMSC-CM) in a model of spinal cord injury (SCI) in male Sprague-Dawley rats.Overview of Literature: SCI is one of the leading causes of disability in addition to sensory and motor impairment. So far, there have been no successful treatments for SCI. Given the positive outcomes associated with using stem cells and their derivatives as a treatment for various diseases, there is a growing interest in using them as an SCI treatment. Recent research has demonstrated that CM from stem cells has therapeutic advantages.Methods: Human BMSCs were isolated and characterized, and CM was subsequently collected. Animals received an intrathecal administration of BMSC-CM after SCI. The activity of caspase-3 was measured to assess apoptosis, and levels of tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-1β were measured to assess inflammation. Also, sensory and locomotor performances were assessed after SCI and BMSC-CM administration.Results: Administration of CM from BMSC reduced apoptosis and inflammation at the site of injury in a rat model of SCI (p<0.05). Motor, sensory, locomotor, and sensorimotor performances were significantly improved in rats that received BMSC-CM after SCI.Conclusions: Intrathecal administration of BMSC-CM improved recovery in a rat model of SCI.

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Stem cells in human breast milk

Human Cell ◽

10.1007/s13577-019-00251-7 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 32 (3) ◽

pp. 223-230 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Natalia Ninkina ◽

Michail S. Kukharsky ◽

Maria V. Hewitt ◽

Ekaterina A. Lysikova ◽

Larissa N. Skuratovska ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Stem Cells ◽

Breast Milk ◽

Human Breast Milk ◽

Human Breast

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Differentiation of Human Breast-Milk Stem Cells to Neural Stem Cells and Neurons

Neurology Research International ◽

10.1155/2014/807896 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2014 ◽

pp. 1-8 ◽

Cited By ~ 30

Author(s):

Seyed Mojtaba Hosseini ◽

Tahere Talaei-khozani ◽

Mahsa Sani ◽

Bahareh Owrangi

Keyword(s):

Stem Cells ◽

Stem Cell ◽

Growth Factor ◽

Breast Milk ◽

Neural Stem Cells ◽

Human Breast Milk ◽

Stem Cell Markers ◽

Human Breast ◽

Fetal Bovine ◽

Endothelial Growth Factor

Objectives.Human breast milk contains a heterogeneous population of cells that have the potential to provide a noninvasive source of cells for cell therapy in many neurodegenerative diseases without any ethical concern. The objectives of this study were to differentiate the breast milk-derived stem cells (BMDSC) toward neural stem cells and then into the neurons and neuroglia.Materials and Methods.To do this, the BMDSC were isolated from human breast milk and cultured in Dulbecco’s modified Eagle medium/F12 (DMEM/F12) containing fibroblast growth factor (bFGF). The cells were then characterized by evaluation of the embryonic and stem cell markers. Then, the cells were exposed to culture medium containing 1% B27 and 2% N2 for 7–10 days followed by medium supplemented with B27, N2, bFGF 10 µg/mL, and endothelial growth factor (EGF) 20 µg/mL. Then, the sphere-forming assay was performed. The spheres were then differentiated into three neural lineages by withdrawing growth factor in the presence of 5% FBS (fetal bovine serum). The immunofluorescence was done forβ-tubulin III, O4, and GFAP (glial fibrillary acidic protein).Results.The results indicated that the cells expressed both embryonic and mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) markers. They also showed neurospheres formation that was nestin-positive. The cells were also differentiated into all three neural lineages.Conclusion.The BMDSC can behave in the same way with neural stem cells. They were differentiated into oligodendrocytes, and astrocytes as well as neurons.

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Novel DRAQ5™/SYTOX® Blue Based Flow Cytometric Strategy to Identify and Characterize Stem Cells in Human Breast Milk

Cytometry Part B Clinical Cytometry ◽

10.1002/cyto.b.21748 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 96 (6) ◽

pp. 480-489 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Titus Keller ◽

Leonie Wengenroth ◽

Denise Smorra ◽

Kristina Probst ◽

Leo Kurian ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Stem Cells ◽

Breast Milk ◽

Human Breast Milk ◽

Human Breast ◽

Flow Cytometric

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Breast Milk Stem Cell Survival in Neonate's Gut, Entery into Neonate Circulation and Adaption by the Body

Current Stem Cell Research & Therapy ◽

10.2174/1574888x14666191107095728 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 15 (2) ◽

pp. 98-101 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Amit Ghosh

Keyword(s):

Stem Cells ◽

Stem Cell ◽

Breast Milk ◽

Systemic Circulation ◽

The Body ◽

Future Research ◽

Human Breast Milk ◽

Human Breast ◽

Cell Therapies ◽

Therapeutic Uses

: The stem cell exchange during pregnancy is thought to remain chimeras for life. Few studies recently revealed that maternal transfer of viable stem cells to the offspring continues even after birth during breastfeeding. Some of these stem cells are likely to be integrated into different organs (brain, blood, kidneys, and pancreas) including neurons and insulin-producing cells in the pancreas to become functional cells. This finding opens a new avenue for research on therapeutic uses of breast milk- derived stem cells. : Recently Dr. Foteini Hassiotou used glowing mice, which were genetically modified to express a gene called tdTomato that causes cells to appear red under fluorescence light. These mice were mated, and their babies were swapped with the pups of another, unmodified mother mouse. The new pups suckled the modified mouse and, as a result, obtained glowing red stem cells from breast milk. The study has never been replicated in humans, so it is not clear yet if the findings apply to humans as in the case of mice. However, the results of the study are the jumping-off points for future research on human breast milk stem cells and their possible application in stem cell therapies. Additional studies are necessary to understand the passage of human breast milk stem cells through the neonate’s GI tract, and passage to the systemic circulation.

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Human breast milk is a rich source of multipotent mesenchymal stem cells

Human Cell ◽

10.1111/j.1749-0774.2010.00083.x ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 23 (2) ◽

pp. 35-40 ◽

Cited By ~ 79

Author(s):

Satish PATKI ◽

Sachin KADAM ◽

Vikash CHANDRA ◽

Ramesh BHONDE

Keyword(s):

Stem Cells ◽

Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽

Breast Milk ◽

Rich Source ◽

Human Breast Milk ◽

Human Breast ◽

Multipotent Mesenchymal Stem Cells

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Potential of Ayurvedic Drugs in Differentiating Neuronal Stem Cells from Human Breast Milk: A Review

Nepal Journal of Biotechnology ◽

10.3126/njb.v7i1.26956 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 113-123

Author(s):

Rinki Kumari

Keyword(s):

Stem Cells ◽

Stem Cell ◽

Breast Milk ◽

Cell Types ◽

Human Mesenchymal Stem Cell ◽

Human Breast Milk ◽

Cell Renewal ◽

Human Breast ◽

Neuronal Stem Cells ◽

Ayurvedic Drugs

Recently, Stem cell therapy has revolutionized excellent clinical therapy with the potential of stem cells to differentiate into various cell types and it may help to replace different cell lines of an organism. Frequent, clinical trials are carried out to merge the new scientific stem cell information and techniques with traditional knowledge and plant extracts that may result in less toxic, affordable, and highly available natural alternative therapeutics. Ayurveda, the traditional Indian system of medicine has given great emphasis to the promotion of health. Ayurveda therapies are based on the restoration of body balance and nourishment of dhatus. Rasayana concept of Ayurveda explains tissue regeneration and cell renewal. Rasayana drugs and therapies provide research opportunities for the biology of regeneration. Specific Medhya Rasayana stimulates and nourishes respective Medha (Dhi, Driti, and Smriti) dhatus. Interpretation of this description offers clues for specific differentiation of neuronal stem cells from human breast milk (HBM) in the presence of some herbal extracts. The previous studies suggest that neuronal stem cells differentiate from Human Breast Milk (Human mesenchymal stem cell) more effectively with Madhya Rasayana drugs. The present review highlights the potential of Ayurveda and its possible contributions in regenerative medicine.

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Bioactive Factors in Human Breast Milk Attenuate Intestinal Inflammation during Early Life

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu12020581 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (2) ◽

pp. 581 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Julie D. Thai ◽

Katherine E. Gregory

Keyword(s):

Breast Milk ◽

Preterm Infants ◽

Early Life ◽

Protective Factor ◽

Intestinal Inflammation ◽

Critical Role ◽

High Morbidity ◽

Human Breast Milk ◽

Bioactive Components ◽

Human Breast

Human breast milk is well known as the ideal source of nutrition during early life, ensuring optimal growth during infancy and early childhood. Breast milk is also the source of many unique and dynamic bioactive components that play a key role in the development of the immune system. These bioactive components include essential microbes, human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs), immunoglobulins, lactoferrin and dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids. These factors all interact with intestinal commensal bacteria and/or immune cells, playing a critical role in establishment of the intestinal microbiome and ultimately influencing intestinal inflammation and gut health during early life. Exposure to breast milk has been associated with a decreased incidence and severity of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), a devastating disease characterized by overwhelming intestinal inflammation and high morbidity among preterm infants. For this reason, breast milk is considered a protective factor against NEC and aberrant intestinal inflammation common in preterm infants. In this review, we will describe the key microbial, immunological, and metabolic components of breast milk that have been shown to play a role in the mechanisms of intestinal inflammation and/or NEC prevention.

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Comparison of the Characteristics of Breast Milk-derived Stem Cells with the Stem Cells Derived from the Other Sources: A Comparative Review

Current Stem Cell Research & Therapy ◽

10.2174/1574888x16666210622125309 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 ◽

Author(s):

Ebrahim Rahmani-Moghadam ◽

Vahideh Zarrin ◽

Amir Mahmoodzadeh ◽

Marzieh Owrang ◽

Tahereh Talaei-Khozani

Keyword(s):

Stem Cells ◽

Bone Marrow ◽

Breast Milk ◽

Human Adipose Tissue ◽

Human Breast Milk ◽

Lactation Period ◽

Human Breast ◽

Differentiation Potential ◽

Comparative Review ◽

Promising Source

: Breast milk (BrM) not only supplies nutrition, but it also contains a diverse population of cells. It has been estimated that up to 6% of the cells in human milk possess the characteristics of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC). Available data also indicate that these cells are multipotent and capable of self-renewal and differentiation with other cells. In this review, we have compared different characteristics, such as CD markers, differentiation capacity, and morphology of stem cells, derived from human breast milk (hBr-MSC) with human bone marrow (hBMSC), Wharton's jelly (WJMSC), and human adipose tissue (hADMSC). Through the literature review, it was revealed that human breast milk-derived stem cells specifically express a group of cell surface markers, including CD14, CD31, CD45, and CD86. Importantly, a group of markers, CD13, CD29, CD44, CD105, CD106, CD146, and CD166, were identified, which were common in the four sources of stem cells. WJMSC, hBMSC, hADMSC, and hBr-MSC are potently able to differentiate into the mesoderm, ectoderm, and endoderm cell lineages. The ability of hBr-MSCs todifferentiate into the neural stem cells, neurons, adipocyte, hepatocyte, chondrocyte, osteocyte, and cardiomyocytes has made these cells a promising source of stem cells in regenerative medicine, while isolation of stem cells from the commonly used sources, such as bone marrow, requires invasive procedures. Although autologous breast milk-derived stem cells are an accessible source for women who are in the lactation period, breast milk can be considered as a source of stem cells with high differentiation potential without any ethical concern.

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