scholarly journals Potential Long-Term Health Problems Associated with Ultra-Endurance Running: A Narrative Review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Volker Scheer ◽  
Nicholas B. Tiller ◽  
Stéphane Doutreleau ◽  
Morteza Khodaee ◽  
Beat Knechtle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Problems ◽  
Narrative Review ◽  
Endurance Running ◽  
Ultra Endurance

Physical and Psychological Benefits of Written Emotional Expression

2015 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 242-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
Éva Kállay
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Expressive Writing ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Psychological Benefits ◽  
Cost Effective Treatment ◽  
Meta Analyses

Abstract. The last several decades have witnessed a substantial increase in the number of individuals suffering from both diagnosable and subsyndromal mental health problems. Consequently, the development of cost-effective treatment methods, accessible to large populations suffering from different forms of mental health problems, became imperative. A very promising intervention is the method of expressive writing (EW), which may be used in both clinically diagnosable cases and subthreshold symptomatology. This method, in which people express their feelings and thoughts related to stressful situations in writing, has been found to improve participants’ long-term psychological, physiological, behavioral, and social functioning. Based on a thorough analysis and synthesis of the published literature (also including most recent meta-analyses), the present paper presents the expressive writing method, its short- and long-term, intra-and interpersonal effects, different situations and conditions in which it has been proven to be effective, the most important mechanisms implied in the process of recovery, advantages, disadvantages, and possible pitfalls of the method, as well as variants of the original technique and future research directions.

Comparing the social networks of service users with long term mental health needs living in community with those in a general adult in-patient unit

2021 ◽  
pp. 002076402110175
Author(s):  
Roberto Rusca ◽  
Ike-Foster Onwuchekwa ◽  
Catherine Kinane ◽  
Douglas MacInnes
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Social Networks ◽  
Social Network ◽  
Patient Group ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Practical Support ◽  
The Social

Background: Relationships are vital to recovery however, there is uncertainty whether users have different types of social networks in different mental health settings and how these networks may impact on users’ wellbeing. Aims: To compare the social networks of people with long-term mental illness in the community with those of people in a general adult in-patient unit. Method: A sample of general adult in-patients with enduring mental health problems, aged between 18 and 65, was compared with a similar sample attending a general adult psychiatric clinic. A cross-sectional survey collected demographic data and information about participants’ social networks. Participants also completed the Short Warwick Edinburgh Mental Well-Being Scale to examine well-being and the Significant Others Scale to explore their social network support. Results: The study recruited 53 participants (25 living in the community and 28 current in-patients) with 339 named as important members of their social networks. Both groups recorded low numbers in their social networks though the community sample had a significantly greater number of social contacts (7.4 vs. 5.4), more monthly contacts with members of their network and significantly higher levels of social media use. The in-patient group reported greater levels of emotional and practical support from their network. Conclusions: People with serious and enduring mental health problems living in the community had a significantly greater number of people in their social network than those who were in-patients while the in-patient group reported greater levels of emotional and practical support from their network. Recommendations for future work have been made.

scholarly journals Duration of Bisphosphonate Drug Holidays in Osteoporosis Patients: A Narrative Review of the Evidence and Considerations for Decision-Making

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 1140
Author(s):  
Kaleen N. Hayes ◽  
Elizabeth M. Winter ◽  
Suzanne M. Cadarette ◽  
Andrea M. Burden
Keyword(s):  
Surrogate Marker ◽  
Femoral Fractures ◽  
Osteonecrosis Of The Jaw ◽  
Bisphosphonate Therapy ◽  
Narrative Review ◽  
Drug Holiday ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
First Line Therapy

Bisphosphonates are first-line therapy for osteoporosis, with alendronate, risedronate, and zoledronate as the main treatments used globally. After one year of therapy, bisphosphonates are retained in bone for extended periods with extended anti-fracture effects after discontinuation. Due to this continued fracture protection and the potential for rare adverse events associated with long-term use (atypical femoral fractures and osteonecrosis of the jaw), a drug holiday of two to three years is recommended for most patients after long-term bisphosphonate therapy. The recommendation for a drug holiday up to three years is derived primarily from extensions of pivotal trials with alendronate and zoledronate and select surrogate marker studies. However, certain factors may modify the duration of bisphosphonate effects on a drug holiday and warrant consideration when determining an appropriate time off-therapy. In this narrative review, we recall what is currently known about drug holidays and discuss what we believe to be the primary considerations and areas for future research regarding drug holiday duration: total bisphosphonate exposure, type of bisphosphonate used, bone mineral density and falls risk, and patient sex and body weight.

scholarly journals The employment and mental health impact of integrated improving access to psychological therapies services: Evidence on secondary health care utilization from a pragmatic trial in three English counties

2021 ◽  
pp. 135581962199749
Author(s):  
Veronica Toffolutti ◽  
David Stuckler ◽  
Martin McKee ◽  
Ineke Wolsey ◽  
Judith Chapman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Utilization ◽  
Physical Health ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Care Utilization ◽  
Psychological Therapies ◽  
Physical Health Problems ◽  
Secondary Health Care

Objective Patients with a combination of long-term physical health problems can face barriers in obtaining appropriate treatment for co-existing mental health problems. This paper evaluates the impact of integrating the improving access to psychological therapies services (IAPT) model with services addressing physical health problems. We ask whether such services can reduce secondary health care utilization costs and improve the employment prospects of those so affected. Methods We used a stepped-wedge design of two cohorts of a total of 1,096 patients with depression and/or anxiety and comorbid long-term physical health conditions from three counties within the Thames Valley from March to August 2017. Panels were balanced. Difference-in-difference models were employed in an intention-to-treat analysis. Results The new Integrated-IAPT was associated with a decrease of 6.15 (95% CI: −6.84 to −5.45) [4.83 (95% CI: −5.47 to −4.19]) points in the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 [generalized anxiety disorder-7] and £360 (95% CI: –£559 to –£162) in terms of secondary health care utilization costs per person in the first three months of treatment. The Integrated-IAPT was also associated with an 8.44% (95% CI: 1.93% to 14.9%) increased probability that those who were unemployed transitioned to employment. Conclusions Mental health treatment in care model with Integrated-IAPT seems to have significantly reduced secondary health care utilization costs among persons with long-term physical health conditions and increased their probability of employment.

scholarly journals Gestational weight gain and medical outcomes of pregnancy

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 133-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zachary M Ferraro ◽  
Fernanda Contador ◽  
Afaf Tawfiq ◽  
Kristi B Adamo ◽  
Laura Gaudet
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Gestational Weight Gain ◽  
Narrative Review ◽  
Medical Complications ◽  
Medical Outcomes ◽  
Gestational Weight ◽  
Pregnancy Weight

This narrative review discusses gestational weight gain (GWG) and medical outcomes of pregnancy, including metabolic, cardiovascular, respiratory, musculoskeletal and psychiatric systems. Taken as a whole, the available evidence shows that excessive GWG increases the risk of all medical complications of pregnancy, and negatively impacts the long-term health and weight of both mothers and their offspring. Briefly, interventions to encourage appropriate GWG are discussed and readers are directed to resources to facilitate discussion of pregnancy weight.

scholarly journals Pacing and Changes in Body Composition in 48 h Ultra-Endurance Running—A Case Study

Sports ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beat Knechtle ◽  
Thomas Rosemann ◽  
Pantelis Nikolaidis
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass ◽  
Bioelectrical Impedance ◽  
Impedance Analysis ◽  
Body Water ◽  
Valuable Insight ◽  
Endurance Running ◽  
Running Speed ◽  
Anthropometric Characteristics ◽  
Ultra Endurance

Pacing has been investigated in elite and master runners competing in marathon and ultra-marathon races up to 100 km and 100 miles, but not in longer ultra-marathons. In this case study, a 54-year-old master ultra-marathoner—intending to achieve as many kilometers as possible in a 48 h run—was examined. The changes in running speed during the race and selected anthropometric characteristics using bioelectrical impedance analysis (i.e., body mass and body water), during and after the race, were analyzed. The runner achieved a total distance of 230 km and running speed decreased non-linearly during the race. Body mass decreased, while percent body water increased, non-linearly, across the race. There was no statistically significant relationship between the decrease in body mass and the increase in percent body water. Considering the popularity of ultra-endurance running races, the findings of the present study offered valuable insight in the pacing and changes of body mass and body water during a 48 h run, and this information can be used by ultra-endurance runners and practitioners working with them.

scholarly journals Brazilian medals’ plan

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 709-720
Author(s):  
Silvestre Cirilo dos Santos Neto ◽  
Virgílio Franceschi Neto ◽  
Flávia Da Cunha Bastos ◽  
Marcelo De Castro Haiachi ◽  
Leonardo Mataruna-dos-Santos
Keyword(s):  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Narrative Review ◽  
Emergency Plan ◽  
Sports Policy ◽  
London 2012 ◽  
Elite Sports ◽  
Paralympic Games

Brazil hosted the Olympic and Paralympic Games in 2016. After London 2012, the Ministry of Sport (Ministério do Esporte, ME) launched the Brazilian Medals’ Plan, which was only approved in 2013. It is a plan that seeks complementary support for teams and athletes that intend to compete in 2016. The objective of this article is to critically analyse the Brazilian Medals’ Plan through the lens of strategy. The guiding query of the project is how the Brazilian Medals’ Plan can be classified: as a strategic or an emergency plan. The method used is a narrative review via a critical analysis from the contextual point of view. A relationship was seen between the structuring of elite sports policy, continuity of the policy, and sporting success. In the document from the Ministry of Sport, it was not possible to identify what strategies are necessary to enter the Olympic “top ten” with the Brazilian Olympic Committee’s (Comitê Olímpico Brasileiro, COB) projection of obtaining 30 medals and the Paralympic target to reach the “top five” nations in the Games. It was concluded that the Brazilian Medals’ Plan 2016 is of an emergency nature, leaving the country without a long-term plan for elite sports.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document