scholarly journals Measuring body satisfaction in women with eating disorders and healthy women: appearance-related and functional components in the Body Cathexis Scale (Dutch version)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marlies E. Rekkers ◽  
Mia Scheffers ◽  
Jooske T. van Busschbach ◽  
Annemarie A. van Elburg
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Body Satisfaction ◽  
Clinical Sample ◽  
The Body ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Dutch Version ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Functional Components ◽  
Body Cathexis

Abstract Purpose Differentiating the concept of body satisfaction, especially the functional component, is important in clinical and research context. The aim of the present study is to contribute to further refinement of the concept by evaluating the psychometric properties of the Dutch version of the Body Cathexis Scale (BCS). Differences in body satisfaction between clinical and non-clinical respondents are also explored. Method Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) were used to investigate whether functional body satisfaction can be distinguished as a separate factor, using data from 238 adult female patients from a clinical sample and 1060 women from two non-clinical samples in the Netherlands. Univariate tests were used to identify differences between non-clinical and clinical samples. Results EFA identified functionality as one of three factors, which was confirmed by CFA. CFA showed the best fit for a three-factor model, where functionality, non-weight, and weight were identified as separate factors in both populations. Internal consistency was good and correlations between factors were low. Women in the non-clinical sample scored significantly higher on the BCS than women with eating disorders on all three subscales, with high effect sizes. Conclusions The three factors of the BCS may be used as subscales, enabling researchers and practitioners to use one scale to measure different aspects of body satisfaction, including body functionality. Use of the BCS may help to achieve a more complete understanding of how people evaluate body satisfaction and contribute to further research on the effectiveness of interventions focussing on body functionality. Level of evidence Cross-sectional descriptive study, Level V.

Relationship between Perceived Somatotype and Body Cathexis of College Males

1982 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 983-989 ◽  
Author(s):  
Larry A. Tucker
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Regression ◽  
Body Satisfaction ◽  
The Body ◽  
Self Concept ◽  
Self Perception ◽  
Male Population ◽  
College Males ◽  
Body Build ◽  
Body Concept ◽  
Body Cathexis

The primary purpose of this study was to determine if males grouped according to self-perceived somatotype differ significantly in body concept, while a subordinate purpose was to identify the perceived somatotype response trends of a college male population. The Perceived Somatotype Scale and the Body Cathexis Scale were administered to 88 male undergraduates, and the data were analyzed by multiple regression. The somatotype the males perceived as their own, and the body build perceived as ideal accounted for 27.9% and 4.3% of the variance in body-cathexis scores, respectively. A measure of discrepancy between the perceived somatotype-self and ideal indices accounted for 22.7% of the variance in the criterion. As self-perception of somatotype deviates from mesomorphic and moves toward the ectomorphic and endomorphic poles, especially the latter, self-concept relative to the body tends to decline rapidly. Moreover, males who perceive their physiques differ from their perceived ideals tend to report significantly less body satisfaction than those who perceive no such discrepancy.

Factor Structure of the Italian Version of the Body Satisfaction Scale: A Multisample Analysis

1998 ◽  
Vol 86 (3) ◽  
pp. 1083-1088 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giuseppe Riva ◽  
Enrico Molinari
Keyword(s):  
Body Satisfaction ◽  
Cross Validation ◽  
Clinical Sample ◽  
The Body ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Body Parts ◽  
Factorial Structure ◽  
Italian Version ◽  
Satisfaction Scale ◽  
The One

The paper describes the factorial structure of the Italian version of the Body Satisfaction Scale, a simple self-report questionnaire designed to assess satisfaction with 16 body parts. The results suggest that the structure of the questionnaire can be adequately represented by three different factors. Even if this solution is different from the one obtained in the original English samples, this interpretation was confirmed by a cross-validation on 806 subjects, a clinical sample and two normal samples. This result may be useful for the screening of subjects at risk for eating-disorders because it makes possible prediction of targeted areas of dissatisfaction which is not generally possible with other inventories. The analysis of the factor loadings also suggested that three items should be removed (teeth, eyes, and ears) from the Italian version

Construct Validity of the WISC-V in Clinical Cases: Exploratory and Confirmatory Factor Analyses of the 10 Primary Subtests

Assessment ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 274-296 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gary L. Canivez ◽  
Ryan J. McGill ◽  
Stefan C. Dombrowski ◽  
Marley W. Watkins ◽  
Alison E. Pritchard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Clinical Sample ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
General Factor ◽  
General Intelligence ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analyses ◽  
Five Factors ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Variance Estimates

Independent exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) research with the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children–Fifth Edition (WISC-V) standardization sample has failed to provide support for the five group factors proposed by the publisher, but there have been no independent examinations of the WISC-V structure among clinical samples. The present study examined the latent structure of the 10 WISC-V primary subtests with a large ( N = 2,512), bifurcated clinical sample (EFA, n = 1,256; CFA, n = 1,256). EFA did not support five factors as there were no salient subtest factor pattern coefficients on the fifth extracted factor. EFA indicated a four-factor model resembling the WISC-IV with a dominant general factor. A bifactor model with four group factors was supported by CFA as suggested by EFA. Variance estimates from both EFA and CFA found that the general intelligence factor dominated subtest variance and omega-hierarchical coefficients supported interpretation of the general intelligence factor. In both EFA and CFA, group factors explained small portions of common variance and produced low omega-hierarchical subscale coefficients, indicating that the group factors were of poor interpretive value.

Metacognitive beliefs in depressed in-patients: adaptation and validation of the short version of the Metacognitions Questionnaire (MCQ-30) for French clinical and non-clinical samples

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 498-502
Author(s):  
Axel Baptista ◽  
Charlotte Soumet-Leman ◽  
Arnauld Visinet ◽  
Roland Jouvent
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Clinical Sample ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
French Version ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Metacognitive Beliefs ◽  
Method Analysis

AbstractBackground:The short form of the Metacognitions Questionnaire (MCQ-30) is a brief multi-dimensional measure which explores the metacognitive processes and beliefs about worry and cognition that are central to the vulnerability and maintenance of emotional disorders.Aims:The first aim of the study was to create and validate a French version of the MCQ-30 in a non-clinical and a clinical sample of depressed in-patients.Method:A French adaptation of the MCQ-30 was administered to a sample of 467 individuals from the general population and 73 hospitalized patients with major depressive disorder. Internal consistency was measured by Cronbach’s alpha reliability coefficients. Factor structure was assessed using a confirmatory factor analysis on the non-clinical group and a multi-trait–multi-method analysis on the psychiatric group. Criterion validity was explored by comparing the scores of the two samples. Measures of rumination, worry and depression were used to explore convergent validity.Results:Confirmatory factor analysis in the non-clinical sample indicated that the French version of the MCQ-30 has the same factor structure as the MCQ-30’s original five-factor solution. In the clinical sample, the multi-trait–multi-method analysis revealed discrepancies with the original factor structure, and the MCQ-30 and its subscales were less reliable. Our results provide evidence of a convergent validity. The MCQ-30 scores were also able to discriminate between psychiatric and non-clinical samples.Conclusions:Our results show that the French version of the MCQ-30 is a valid instrument for measuring metacognitive beliefs in non-clinical population. Further research is needed to support its use among depressed in-patients.

scholarly journals Development and Validation of the Body Understanding Measure for Pregnancy Scale (BUMPs) and its Role in Antenatal Attachment

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Kirk ◽  
Catherine Preston
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Body Satisfaction ◽  
The Body ◽  
Internal Reliability ◽  
Multiple Indicators ◽  
Antenatal Attachment ◽  
Test Retest Reliability ◽  
Development And Validation ◽  
In Pregnancy

Pregnancy is a unique period in a woman’s life during which her body undergoes rapid and dramatic change. Many of these changes are in direct conflict to social ideals of female body appearance, such as increases in body size and weight. Existing research that has examined body satisfaction in pregnancy is limited by the use of measures that are not designed for pregnancy, yielding biased results. Two studies have attempted to develop measures for pregnancy but have used sub-optimal sample sizes and/or have not fully validated the measure with independent samples. We seek to address these limitations in the current study and report the development and validation of the newly developed Body Understanding Measure for Pregnancy scale (BUMPs) in 613 pregnant women across two independent samples. Exploratory factor analysis revealed three factors; satisfaction with appearing pregnant, weight gain concerns and physical burdens of pregnancy, which were confirmed with confirmatory factor analysis. Multiple Indicators Multiple Causes (MIMIC) modelling indicated the scale is appropriate for women in all three trimesters of pregnancy. Evidence of internal reliability, test-retest reliability and convergent validity provide excellent psychometric support. We further demonstrated construct validity by supporting three hypotheses, finding that more positive body satisfaction in pregnancy was related to (a) better relationship quality (b) lower depression and anxiety (c) higher levels of interoception, specifically body listening and body trusting. Additionally, we present evidence that BUMPs is the strongest predictor of antenatal attachment compared with depression, anxiety, gestational age and relationship satisfaction.

scholarly journals Orthorexia nervosa and dieting in a non-clinical sample: a prospective study

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caterina Novara ◽  
Susanna Pardini ◽  
Francesco Visioli ◽  
Nicola Meda
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Body Dissatisfaction ◽  
Clinical Sample ◽  
Critical Factor ◽  
Orthorexia Nervosa ◽  
Multiple Time ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Dietary Regimen ◽  
Previous Diagnosis ◽  
A Prospective Study

Abstract Purpose Orthorexia Nervosa (ON) is characterised by excessive attention to a dietary regimen perceived as healthy. A critical factor in the distinction between ON and other eating disorders (EDs) is the dichotomy of quality-versus-quantity of food intake. We investigated whether specific types of diet or dieting frequency are associated with orthorexic features, explored the overlap between ON and EDs symptoms, and examined which constructs are predictive of ON after 6 months. Methods A total of 1075 students (75.1% female, mean age 20.9) completed a set of questionnaires assessing Orthorexia, Eating Disorders, Obsessions and Compulsions, Anxiety and Depression; 358 individuals (79.9 female, mean age 20.9) agreed to participate in the study and completed the same questionnaires after 6 months. Different regression models were defined to investigate our hypothesis. Results Findings suggest that ON is associated with the number and type of diets followed over a lifetime. Moreover, participants with EDs, body dissatisfaction, or a dysfunctional idea of thinness are more likely to report a greater degree of ON features. After 6 months, the best predictors of ON characteristics are the same ON characteristics assessed at the first administration, with a significant role in the ideal of thinness. Conclusions ON is more frequent in individuals with a previous diagnosis of EDs and in individuals who followed a restrictive diet or a vegan/vegetarian one; the number of lifetime diets, beliefs, and behaviors related to the ideals of thinness or body dissatisfaction is common features of ON. Moreover, considering that having ON features in the past is the best ON predictor in the present, we can presume that ON is a construct stable over time. Level of evidence Level IV: Evidence obtained from multiple time series analysis such as case studies. (NB: Dramatic results in uncontrolled trials might also be regarded as this type of evidence).

Body-Related Behaviours and Cognitions in the Eating Disorders

2012 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reena Amin ◽  
Clara Strauss ◽  
Glenn Waller
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Clinical Sample ◽  
Eating Attitudes ◽  
Eating Pathology ◽  
The Body ◽  
Clinical Group ◽  
Adult Women ◽  
Eating Disordered ◽  
Unhealthy Eating ◽  
Wide Range

Background: Different body-related behaviours and cognitions (checking, avoidance, comparison, display) have been shown to be related to unhealthy eating attitudes in a non-clinical sample. Aims: This study tested whether the use of body-related behaviours is higher in eating-disordered women than in non-clinical women. It also examined whether the use of body-related behaviours is associated with psychological characteristics (particularly anxiety, depression and narcissistic characteristics), controlling for age and eating pathology. Method: Ninety-nine adult women with diagnosed eating disorders (mean age = 30.4 years, SD = 9.44; mean body mass index = 21.9, SD = 6.39) completed standardized measures of eating pathology, anxiety and depression, narcissistic characteristics, and body-related behaviours and cognitions. Results: The Body-Related Behaviours Scale (BRBS) had acceptable levels of internal consistency in this group, and its scales were only weakly to moderately correlated with each other. There were no differences between diagnostic groups, but the clinical group had higher scores that a previous non-clinical sample on three of the scales. The four body-related behaviours had different patterns of association with eating pathology, depression and narcissistic features. However, anxiety was not associated with BRBS scores. Conclusions: The findings support the importance of a wide range of body-related behaviours and cognitions in understanding the eating disorders. However, the lack of an association with anxiety is counter to the suggestion that the various behaviours measured by the BRBS reflect safety behaviours on the part of sufferers. Depression and narcissistic features might be more important in maintaining such behaviours.

scholarly journals Psychometric Properties of the Reynolds Child Depression Scale in Community and Clinical Samples

2008 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 641-649 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Figueras Masip ◽  
Juan Antonio Amador Campos ◽  
Joan Guàrdia Olmos
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Clinical Sample ◽  
Five Factor Model ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Child Depression ◽  
Confirmatory Factor

The factor structure of the Reynolds Child Depression Scale (RCDS; Reynolds, 1989), analyzed by confirmatory factor analysis and the scale's psychometric characteristics in a sample of 315 participants (140 boys and 175 girls) and a clinical sample of 62 participants (37 boys and 25 girls) between 10 and 12 years old, are presented. Two models are tested with confirmatory factor analysis: a one-factor model and a five-factor model. Both models show a good fit, but the one-factor model was chosen because it is the most parsimonious. The reliability coefficient ranged from .87 (at test) to .89 (at retest) in the community sample, and was .90 in the clinical sample (at test). Test-retest reliability was .66 in the community sample. Concurrent validity with other self-reports that measure depressive symptomatology was high, both in the community sample (.76) and the clinical sample (.71). There were no significant sex differences but there were differences due to age (school grade).

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document