Correction to: The Effect of Rating Scale Length on the Occurrence of Inappropriate Category Use for the Assessment of Job Satisfaction: an Experimental Online Study

Given the rapid growth of many Asian economies in recent years, Asian advertising research is attracting increasing attention. However, systematic examinations of how to move this body of research forward from both theoretical and methodological perspectives are lacking. This study discusses a method-related issue in Asian advertising research, specifically focusing on the rating scale length used in measuring consumer attitude and behavioral intention. The experiment examines whether using different rating scale lengths (i.e., 1–3, 1–5, 1–7, and 1–9) will produce inconsistent research results due to the influence of Confucianism on East Asian consumers’ response style. Based on the experimental findings, a theoretical discussion of how to consider the cultural impact on measurement in an East Asian advertising context is provided.

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Randomized trial of preladenant, given as monotherapy, in patients with early Parkinson disease

Neurology ◽

10.1212/wnl.0000000000004003 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 88 (23) ◽

pp. 2198-2206 ◽

Cited By ~ 29

Author(s):

Fabrizio Stocchi ◽

Olivier Rascol ◽

Robert A. Hauser ◽

Susan Huyck ◽

Anjela Tzontcheva ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Parkinson Disease ◽

Active Control ◽

Rating Scale ◽

Double Blind ◽

Clinical Trial Registration ◽

Link Type ◽

Parallel Group ◽

Number Of Patients ◽

Disease Rating ◽

Post Hoc

Objective:To evaluate the adenosine 2a receptor antagonist preladenant as a nondopaminergic drug for the treatment of Parkinson disease (PD) when given as monotherapy.Methods:This was a randomized, 26-week, placebo- and active-controlled, parallel-group, multicenter, double-blind trial conducted in adults diagnosed with PD for <5 years who were not yet receiving l-dopa or dopamine agonists. Patients with a Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) part 3 (motor function) score ≥10 and Hoehn & Yahr score ≤3 were randomized 1:1:1:1:1 to preladenant 2, 5, or 10 mg twice daily, rasagiline 1 mg (active-control) once daily, or placebo. The primary endpoint was the change from baseline at week 26 in the sum of UPDRS parts 2 (activities of daily living) and 3 scores (UPDRS2+3).Results:The number of patients treated was 1,007. Neither preladenant nor rasagiline was superior to placebo after 26 weeks. The differences vs placebo (95% confidence interval) in UPDRS2+3 scores (with a negative difference indicating improvement vs placebo) were preladenant 2 mg = 2.60 (0.86, 4.30), preladenant 5 mg = 1.30 (−0.41, 2.94), preladenant 10 mg = 0.40 (−1.29, 2.11), and rasagiline 1 mg = 0.30 (−1.35, 2.03). Post hoc analyses did not identify a single causal factor that could explain the finding of a failed trial. Preladenant was generally well-tolerated with few patients discontinuing due to adverse events (preladenant 7%, rasagiline 3%, placebo 4%).Conclusions:No evidence supporting the efficacy of preladenant as monotherapy was observed in this phase 3 trial. The lack of efficacy of the active control rasagiline makes it difficult to interpret the results.Clinical trial registration:Clinicaltrials.gov: NCT01155479.Classification of evidence:This study provides Class I evidence that for patients with early PD, preladenant is not effective as monotherapy at the doses studied (2, 5, 10 mg).

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Werksbetrokkenheid: 'n Empiriese ondersoek

SA Journal of Industrial Psychology ◽

10.4102/sajip.v0i0.337 ◽

1982 ◽

Author(s):

A. S. Engelbrecht ◽

L. C. De Jager

Keyword(s):

Job Satisfaction ◽

Job Performance ◽

Rating Scale ◽

Job Involvement ◽

Graphic Rating Scale ◽

Different Dimensions ◽

Female Employees ◽

The Relationship ◽

Full Day

The relationship between job involvement, job satisfaction and job performance has been investigated. Differences in job involvement between the sexes and between full day and half day female employees were also researched. Two questionnaires and a graphic rating scale were applied to a sample of 164 clerical employees. Job involvement correlated significantly and positively with job performance and also with the different dimensions of job satisfaction. No significant differences regarding job involvement were found between the sexes and between full day and half day female employees. Conclusions are drawn from the results obtained and recommendations are made for future research.OpsommingAangesien daar 'n komplekse verwantskap tussen werksbetrokkenheid, werkstevredenheid en werksprestasie is en teenstrydige resultate hieroor bestaan, is daar 'n behoefte aan verdere navorsing ten einde hierdie verwantskappe op te klaar. Benewens hierdie verwantskappe is geslagsverskille en moontlike verskille tussen vol- en halfdag vroulike werknemers in werksbetrokkenheid ook ondersoek. Twee vraelyste en 'n grafiese beoordelingskaal is aan 'n monster bestaande uit 164 klerklike personeellede geadministreer. Beduidende positiewe korrelasies is tussen werksbetrokkenheid en werksprestasie en tussen werksbetrokkenheid en die verskillende dimensies van werkstevredenheid gevind. Geen beduidende verskil is tussen mans en vrouens asook tussen vol- en halfdag vroulike werknemers ten opsigte van werksbetrokkenheid verkry nie.

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Promoting Independence in Dementia (PRIDE): protocol for a feasibility randomised controlled trial

Trials ◽

10.1186/s13063-019-3838-x ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Aisha Shafayat ◽

Emese Csipke ◽

Lucy Bradshaw ◽

Georgina Charlesworth ◽

Florence Day ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cost Effectiveness ◽

Randomised Controlled Trial ◽

Usual Care ◽

Rating Scale ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

Randomised Trial ◽

Mild Dementia ◽

Link Type ◽

Feasibility Randomised Controlled Trial ◽

Randomised Controlled

Abstract Background Memory services often see people with early stage dementia who are largely independent and able to participate in community activities but who run the risk of reducing activities and social networks. PRIDE is a self-management intervention designed to promote living well and enhance independence for people with mild dementia. This study aims to examine the feasibility of conducting a definitive randomised trial comparing the clinical and cost-effectiveness of the PRIDE intervention offered in addition to usual care or with usual care alone. Methods/design PRIDE is a parallel, two-arm, multicentre, feasibility, randomised controlled trial (RCT). Eligible participants aged 18 or over who have mild dementia (defined as a score of 0.5 or 1 on the Clinical Dementia Rating Scale) who can participate in the intervention and provide informed consent will be randomised (1:1) to treatment with the PRIDE intervention delivered in addition to usual care, or usual care only. Participants will be followed-up at 3 and 6 month’s post-randomisation. There will be an option for a supporter to join each participant. Each supporter will be provided with questionnaires at baseline and follow-ups at 3 to 6 months. Embedded qualitative research with both participants and supporters will explore their perspectives on the intervention investigating a range of themes including acceptability and barriers and facilitators to delivery and participation. The feasibility of conducting a full RCT associated with participant recruitment and follow-up of both conditions, intervention delivery including the recruitment, training, retention of PRIDE trained facilitators, clinical outcomes, intervention and resource use costs and the acceptability of the intervention and study related procedures will be examined. Discussion This study will assess whether a definitive randomised trial comparing the clinical and cost-effectiveness of whether the PRIDE intervention offered in addition to usual care is feasible in comparison to usual care alone, and if so, will provide data to inform the design and conduct of a future trial. Trial registration ISRCTN, ISRCTN11288961, registered on 23 October 2019, http://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN12345678 Protocol V2.1 dated 19 June 2019.

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The Effect of Rating Scale on Response Style: Experimental Evidence for Job Satisfaction

Journal of Well-Being Assessment ◽

10.1007/s41543-020-00026-0 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. 57-73

Author(s):

Luisa Corrado ◽

Majlinda Joxhe

Keyword(s):

Job Satisfaction ◽

Experimental Evidence ◽

Rating Scale ◽

Response Style

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Subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation in isolated dystonia

Neurology ◽

10.1212/wnl.0000000000003451 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 88 (1) ◽

pp. 25-35 ◽

Cited By ~ 51

Author(s):

Jill L. Ostrem ◽

Marta San Luciano ◽

Kristen A. Dodenhoff ◽

Nathan Ziman ◽

Leslie C. Markun ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Deep Brain Stimulation ◽

Subthalamic Nucleus ◽

Brain Stimulation ◽

Rating Scale ◽

Spasmodic Torticollis ◽

Link Type ◽

Term Tolerability ◽

Stn Dbs ◽

Deep Brain

Objective:To report long-term safety and efficacy outcomes of a large cohort of patients with medically refractory isolated dystonia treated with subthalamic nucleus (STN) deep brain stimulation (DBS).Methods:Twenty patients (12 male, 8 female; mean age 49 ± 16.3 years) with medically refractory isolated dystonia were studied (14 were followed for 36 months). The primary endpoints were change in Burke-Fahn-Marsden Dystonia Rating Scale (BFMDRS) motor score and Toronto Western Spasmodic Torticollis Rating Scale (TWSTRS) total score at 36 months compared to preoperative baseline. Multiple secondary outcomes were also assessed (ClinicalTrials.govNCT00773604).Results:Eighteen of 20 patients showed improvement 12 months after STN DBS with sustained benefit persisting for 3 years (n = 14). At 36 months, BFMDRS motor scores improved 70.4% from a mean 17.9 ± 8.5 to 5.3 ± 5.6 (p = 0.0002) and total TWSTRS scores improved 66.6% from a mean 41.0 ± 18.9 to 13.7 ± 17.9 (p = 0.0002). Improvement at 36 months was equivalent to that seen at 6 months. Disability and quality of life measures were also improved. Three hardware-related and 24 stimulation-related nonserious adverse events occurred between years 1 and 3 (including 4 patients with dyskinesia).Conclusions:This study offers support for long-term tolerability and sustained effectiveness of STN DBS in the treatment of severe forms of isolated dystonia.Classification of evidence:This study provides Class IV evidence that STN DBS decreases long-term dystonia severity in patients with medically refractory isolated dystonia.

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Comparison of Six Lengths of Rating Scales: Students' Attitudes toward Instruction

Psychological Reports ◽

10.2466/pr0.1981.48.2.399 ◽

1981 ◽

Vol 48 (2) ◽

pp. 399-404 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Lily Neumann ◽

Yoram Neumann

Keyword(s):

Rating Scales ◽

Rating Scale ◽

College Instruction ◽

Students Attitudes ◽

Students Satisfaction ◽

Scale Length

The characteristics of rating scales are very important in questionnaires on attitudes and satisfaction. In the construction of a rating scale, one is often concerned about the number of rating categories. Effects of scale length on relationships among variables are explored through a study of students' satisfaction with college instruction. Six rating scales of length n are compared, for n = 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 10. The results indicate that deviations of actual averages from the theoretical means increase as the number of choice points increase. Also, Pearson's correlations and etas generally increase with scale length.

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Efficacy and Safety of Intravenous Tanezumab for the Symptomatic Treatment of Osteoarthritis: 2 Randomized Controlled Trials versus Naproxen

The Journal of Rheumatology ◽

10.3899/jrheum.131294 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 41 (11) ◽

pp. 2249-2259 ◽

Cited By ~ 42

Author(s):

Evan F. Ekman ◽

Joseph S. Gimbel ◽

Alfonso E. Bello ◽

Michael D. Smith ◽

David S. Keller ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Adverse Events ◽

Rating Scale ◽

Hip Osteoarthritis ◽

Statistical Testing ◽

Womac Pain ◽

Efficacy And Safety ◽

Testing Procedures ◽

Randomized Controlled ◽

Link Type ◽

Randomized Controlled Studies

Objective.Two studies evaluated efficacy and safety of tanezumab versus naproxen for treatment of knee or hip osteoarthritis (OA).Methods.Randomized controlled studies [NCT00830063 (Study 1015, n = 828) and NCT00863304 (Study 1018, n = 840)] of subjects with hip or knee OA compared intravenous tanezumab (5 mg or 10 mg) to placebo and naproxen (500 mg twice daily). Coprimary outcomes were Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) Pain, WOMAC Physical Function (0–10 numerical rating scale), and patient’s global assessment of OA at Week 16.Results.In both studies, tanezumab reduced pain versus placebo [least squares mean differences, 95% CI, tanezumab 5 mg: −1.21 (−1.72, −0.70); −1.13 (−1.65, −0.62); tanezumab 10 mg: −0.91 (−1.42, −0.40); −0.80 (−1.32, −0.29)], and improved function and global scores. Tanezumab 5 mg produced greater pain reduction [−0.76 (−1.28, −0.25); −0.69 (−1.21, −0.17)], and favorable functional and global outcomes versus naproxen. Pain reductions with tanezumab 10 mg versus naproxen did not reach significance, unlike functional (both studies) and global (1 study) outcomes; thus, tanezumab 10 mg was not superior to naproxen, and predefined statistical testing procedures were not met, allowing for conclusion of superiority of tanezumab 5 mg over naproxen despite replicated favorable coprimary outcomes. Tanezumab was associated with greater incidence of peripheral sensory adverse events (paresthesia, hyperesthesia, hypoesthesia, burning sensation), pain in extremity, peripheral edema, and arthralgia. Overall frequency and discontinuations as a result of adverse events were similar to placebo and naproxen.Conclusion.Tanezumab provides efficacious treatment of knee or hip OA and may have therapeutic utility in patients with OA who experience inadequate analgesia with nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs.

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Identifying the factors that affect the job satisfaction of early career Notre Dame graduate physiotherapists

Australian Health Review ◽

10.1071/ah15124 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 40 (5) ◽

pp. 538 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Eleni Bacopanos ◽

Susan Edgar

Keyword(s):

Job Satisfaction ◽

Online Survey ◽

Rating Scale ◽

Influential Factors ◽

Early Career ◽

Career Stage ◽

Future Health ◽

Attrition Rates ◽

Factors Influencing ◽

The Future

Objective Previous studies have highlighted the short career intentions and high attrition rates of physiotherapists from the profession. The aim of the present study was to examine the job satisfaction and attrition rates of early career physiotherapists graduating from one Western Australian university. Methods A self-administered online survey was conducted of 157 Notre Dame physiotherapy graduates (2006–2012), incorporating a job satisfaction rating scale. Results Results showed that lowered job satisfaction was related to working in the cardiorespiratory area of physiotherapy and working in multiple jobs since graduation. The majority of graduates did not predict a long-term career in physiotherapy, highlighting a lack of career progression and limited scope of practice as influential factors. Conclusions Job satisfaction in early career physiotherapists varies across different clinical areas of practice related to several factors, including challenge and flexibility. New roles in the profession, including extended scope roles, may impact on the future job satisfaction of physiotherapists. Further studies are needed to explore the effect of these roles on workforce trends, including attrition rates. What is known about the topic? Physiotherapists predict careers of 10 years or less on entry into the profession. No previous studies have explored the individual factors influencing job satisfaction in early career physiotherapists across different clinical settings. What does this paper add? This study highlights specific factors influencing the job satisfaction of early career physiotherapists, including clinical area of practice. Physiotherapists working in the cardiorespiratory area were less satisfied, as were physiotherapists undertaking multiple positions since graduation. What are the implications for practitioners? This study informs employers and workforce planners on the factors affecting job satisfaction in early career physiotherapists. In addition, knowledge of issues affecting job satisfaction in the early career stage may assist educational institutions in their preparation of graduates for the future health workforce.

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