A descriptive model of the relationship between rainfall and soil water table

1980 ◽  
Vol 47 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 103-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Rennolls ◽  
R. Carnell ◽  
V. Tee
Keyword(s):  
Soil Water ◽  
Water Table ◽  
Descriptive Model ◽  
The Relationship

scholarly journals Regression Models for Soil Water Storage Estimation Using the ESA CCI Satellite Soil Moisture Product: A Case Study in Northeast Portugal

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 37
Author(s):  
Tomás de Figueiredo ◽  
Ana Caroline Royer ◽  
Felícia Fonseca ◽  
Fabiana Costa de Araújo Schütz ◽  
Zulimar Hernández
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Meteorological Data ◽  
Water Storage ◽  
Model Performance ◽  
Soil Water Balance ◽  
Soil Water Storage ◽  
The Relationship

The European Space Agency Climate Change Initiative Soil Moisture (ESA CCI SM) product provides soil moisture estimates from radar satellite data with a daily temporal resolution. Despite validation exercises with ground data that have been performed since the product’s launch, SM has not yet been consistently related to soil water storage, which is a key step for its application for prediction purposes. This study aimed to analyse the relationship between soil water storage (S), which was obtained from soil water balance computations with ground meteorological data, and soil moisture, which was obtained from radar data, as affected by soil water storage capacity (Smax). As a case study, a 14-year monthly series of soil water storage, produced via soil water balance computations using ground meteorological data from northeast Portugal and Smax from 25 mm to 150 mm, were matched with the corresponding monthly averaged SM product. Linear (I) and logistic (II) regression models relating S with SM were compared. Model performance (r2 in the 0.8–0.9 range) varied non-monotonically with Smax, with it being the highest at an Smax of 50 mm. The logistic model (II) performed better than the linear model (I) in the lower range of Smax. Improvements in model performance obtained with segregation of the data series in two subsets, representing soil water recharge and depletion phases throughout the year, outlined the hysteresis in the relationship between S and SM.

Soil Water Characteristic Curve and its Applications in Tunnel

2011 ◽  
Vol 261-263 ◽  
pp. 1039-1043
Author(s):  
Yu You Yang ◽  
Qin Xi Zhang ◽  
Gui He Wang ◽  
Jia Xing Yu
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Land Subsidence ◽  
Unsaturated Soil ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
Tunnel Construction ◽  
Coupling Theory ◽  
Engineering Analysis ◽  
Soil Water Characteristic Curve ◽  
The Relationship

A soil water characteristic curve (SWCC) can describe the relationship between unsaturated soil matric suction and water content. By analyzing and researching the test data of the soil water characteristic curve researchers can initially establish the SWCC equation and apply this equation to the actual engineering analysis. In another words, this article is based on the fluid-solid coupling theory of unsaturated soil used to analyze and study the problem of land subsidence caused by tunnel construction. Numerical calculations show that the coupling results agree well with the measured curve works.

scholarly journals SENSIBILIDADE DE PLANTAS DE SOJA AO REBAIXAMENTO DO NÍVEL FREÁTICO

Irriga ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-145
Author(s):  
Jocelito Saccol de Sá ◽  
Décio Eugênio Cruciani ◽  
Sérgio Nascimento Duarte ◽  
José Roberto Brito Pereira
Keyword(s):  
Soil Water ◽  
Water Table ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Additional Treatment ◽  
Statistical Experimental Design ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Level Control ◽  
Drainage Rate ◽  
Water Logging ◽  
Soybean Plants

SENSIBILIDADE DE PLANTAS DE SOJA AO REBAIXAMENTO DO NÍVEL FREÁTICO  Jocelito Saccol de Sá; Décio Eugênio Cruciani; Sérgio Nascimento Duarte; José Roberto Brito PereiraDepartamento de Engenharia Rural, Escola Superior de Agricultura “Luiz de Queiroz”, Universidade de São Paulo,  Piracicaba - SP, [email protected].  1.      RESUMO A diversificação de culturas em terras baixas é de grande interesse em diversas regiões produtoras de arroz, no Brasil e no exterior. O cultivo de soja é uma opção economicamente viável para a ocupação dessas áreas em rotação e/ou em sucessão à orizicultura. Este trabalho foi realizado em casa de vegetação localizada em uma área experimental da ESALQ/USP, Piracicaba – SP, com o objetivo de avaliar os efeitos de rebaixamentos sucessivos do nível freático (NF) no desenvolvimento e na produtividade de plantas de soja, cv. BR-16, e identificar o estádio de desenvolvimento da cultura com maior sensibilidade à inundação do solo. O delineamento utilizado foi o inteiramente casualizado, em arranjo fatorial (2x5) com um tratamento adicional (testemunha), sendo os fatores estudados: período de desenvolvimento da cultura durante a inundação do solo (estádios V8 e R4) e rebaixamento do NF (10, 20, 30, 40 e 60 cm dia-1). As plantas de soja apresentaram maior suscetibilidade à inundação do solo durante o período vegetativo. As taxas de rebaixamento do NF influenciaram o desenvolvimento e a produtividade dessa cultura. O aumento da velocidade de drenagem reduziu os danos ocasionados às plantas pelo excesso de água no solo, principalmente no estádio menos tolerante a essa condição. UNITERMOS: inundação, coeficiente de drenagem.  SÁ, J. S.; CRUCIANI, D. E.; DUARTE, S. N. E PEREIRA, J. R. B. SENSITIVITY OF SOYBEAN PLANTS TO WATER TABLE DRAWDOWN   2 ABSTRACT Agricultural diversification in low lands is very important in several Brazilian regions and countries, especially in irrigated rice lands. Soybean is a viable economic option for low lands. This study was carried out in an experimental area at ESALQ/USP, Piracicaba, São Paulo – Brazil. The objectives were to estimate the effects of water table drawdown in the growth and crop yield of soybean cv. BR-16 and to identify the most sensitive crop stages to soil water logging. The statistical experimental design was a completely randomized one with factorial arrangement (2x5) one additional treatment (control) and four replications. The study was done in the V8 e R4 crop stages. The water table was lowered 10, 20, 30, 40 and 60cm per day, from initial level. Control plants where only irrigated without flooding. The soybean plants showed highest susceptibility to soil water logging in the vegetative stage. The water table drawdown rates influenced the development and productivity of soybean plants. The drainage rate increase reduced the damage caused to the plants by the water excess in the soil, mainly in the less tolerant stage. KEYWORDS: flooding, drainage coefficient.

scholarly journals Nitrogen, Phosphorus, and Potassium Resorption Responses of Alfalfa to Increasing Soil Water and P Availability in a Semi-Arid Environment

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 310 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meng Kong ◽  
Jing Kang ◽  
Cheng-Long Han ◽  
Yan-Jie Gu ◽  
Kadambot H.M Siddique ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Water ◽  
Forage Yield ◽  
Nutrient Resorption ◽  
P Availability ◽  
P Fertilization ◽  
Resorption Efficiency ◽  
P Concentration ◽  
K Concentration ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Semi Arid

In semi-arid areas, alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) is widely grown, but its growth is often restricted due to limited rainfall and soil nutrients, particularly phosphorus (P). Nutrient resorption is an effective strategy for dealing with nutrient shortages. Alleviation of these limited resources using film mulch and P fertilization—which are common practices in semi-arid areas—can affect the internal recycling of such nutrients. Little is known about such effects in alfalfa and the relationship between resorption efficiency and forage yield. We conducted a two-year field experiment in the semi-arid Loess Plateau of China using film mulch and P fertilization to investigate the response to long-term increasing soil water and P availability on leaf nitrogen (N), P, and potassium (K) concentrations and nutrient resorption characteristics in alfalfa. In green leaves, mulching significantly increased P concentration by an average of 5.5% but it had no significant effect on N concentration over two years, and it decreased K concentration by 16.1% in 2017. P fertilization significantly increased N concentrations to a greater degree in 2018 (8.1%) than 2017 (1.6%). P fertilization also significantly increased P concentrations by an average of 34.1% over two years. In contrast, P fertilization significantly decreased K concentration in the mulched treatment by an average of 17.3% in 2017 and 21.8% in 2018, but it had no effect in the no-mulch treatment. In senescent leaves, mulching significantly increased N concentration by an average of 3.9% and P concentration by an average of 16.7%, but it had no significant effect on K concentration over two years, while P fertilization significantly decreased N and K concentrations over two years by an average of 7.5%, and 32.8%, respectively. P fertilization significantly increased senesced P concentration by an average of 11.9% in 2017 and 17.5% in 2018; and year × mulching × P fertilization had a significant interaction on senesced leaf P concentration. For resorption efficiency, mulching decreased P resorption efficiency by an average of 3.0%, but it had no impact on N or K resorption efficiency, while P fertilization increased the N, P, and K resorption efficiencies in alfalfa by an average of 6.8%, 6.2%, and 76.4% over two years, respectively. Interactive effects of mulching and P fertilization were found on P and K resorption efficiencies over time. In addition, N and K resorption efficiencies were significantly higher in 2018 than in 2017. The application of P fertilizer without mulching resulted in positive correlations between forage yield and N, P, and K resorption efficiencies, but no correlations were observed under film mulch. That is, mulching changed the relationship between forage yield and N, P, and K resorption efficiencies in alfalfa, suggesting that N, P, and K resorption efficiencies may not be related to high yield. Our results provide new insights into the role of nutrient resorption in alfalfa in response to increasing soil water and P availability and the relationship between resorption efficiency and forage yield, which will help us to improve alfalfa yield in semi-arid regions.

The Relationship Between Sap Flow and Commercial Soil Water Sensor Readings in Irrigated Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) Production

2015 ◽  
Vol 92 (5) ◽  
pp. 582-592 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seth A. Byrd ◽  
Diane L. Rowland ◽  
Jerry Bennett ◽  
Lincoln Zotarelli ◽  
David Wright ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solanum Tuberosum ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Sap Flow ◽  
Solanum Tuberosum L ◽  
Water Sensor ◽  
The Relationship

Forensic engineering

2021 ◽  
pp. 287-314
Author(s):  
Manizhe Zarei ◽  
Omid Bozorg-Haddad ◽  
Vijay P. Singh
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Water Pollution ◽  
Water Table ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Engineering Approach ◽  
Drying Up ◽  
Forensic Engineering ◽  
Floods And Droughts ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Looking Back

Abstract Throughout history, natural events such as floods, droughts, fires, lightning, and storms have caused significant losses of life and property. To mitigate the hazardous consequences of such events, or ‘failures’ (as they are referred to), a number of questions can be asked, such as: ‘What are the causes of these events?’; ‘What natural factors cause these events?’; ‘What is the human role in the occurrence of these events?’; ‘Who is to blame for such events?’; and ‘What actions should be taken to prevent such events from happening?’ The forensic engineering approach allows us to answer these questions. Forensic engineering, a term developed in recent years, allows us to identify the causes of events by looking back and analyzing the relationship between an event's causes and their consequences; it is a useful tool for determining the natural or human causes of events that lead to disasters. Forensic hydrology is a branch of forensic engineering and applies directly to floods and droughts but is not limited to these events. Forensic hydrology is also used for the historical assessment and analysis of events such as water pollution, drying of lakes and rivers, the drying up (or significant reduction in the water table) of wells, and the infiltration of saline water into freshwater. Forensic hydrology analyzes event evidence and data from a variety of perspectives. Examining the origins and mechanisms of such events to find their causes can lead to better water management, allocation and improved use, and can also help to prevent or minimize severe damage. This chapter provides an introduction to forensic engineering and describes the processes which should be followed to evaluate hazardous events.

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