Epidemiological differences between cholera due to multiple antibiotic resistant and multiple antibiotic sensitive Vibrio cholerae infection

1986 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.U. Khan ◽  
Md Shahidullah ◽  
D.K. Barua ◽  
T. Begum
Keyword(s):  
Vibrio Cholerae ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant

scholarly journals MODERN PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE THERAPY OF CHOLERA

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-31
Author(s):  
Nadezhda A. Selyanskaya
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Vibrio Cholerae ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Multiple Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Foreign Literature ◽  
Modern Period ◽  
The Face

The spread of V. cholerae strains with multiple antibiotic resistance limits the choice of effective means of etiotropic therapy for cholera, emphasizing the importance of finding ways to maintain efficacy in the face of the widespread prevalence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. The review presents data of domestic and foreign literature on the antibiotic resistance of Vibrio cholerae and the prospects for the treatment of cholera in the modern period.

Emergence of Multiply Antibiotic-Resistant Vibrio cholerae in Bangladesh

1980 ◽  
Vol 142 (6) ◽  
pp. 939-942 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. I. Glass ◽  
I. Huq ◽  
A. R. M. A. Alim ◽  
M. Yunus
Keyword(s):  
Vibrio Cholerae ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant

scholarly journals Novel PhoH-encoding vibriophages with lytic activity against environmental Vibrio strains

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alice Nyambura Maina ◽  
Francis B. Mwaura ◽  
Miriam Jumba ◽  
Kristopher Kieft ◽  
Hanzada T. Nour El-Din ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vibrio Cholerae ◽  
High Throughput Sequencing ◽  
Bioinformatics Analysis ◽  
Diarrheal Disease ◽  
Lytic Activity ◽  
Vibrio Cholera ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
And Control

Abstract Cholera is a devastating diarrheal disease that accounts for more than 10% of children’s lives worldwide, but its treatment is hampered by a rise in antibiotic resistance. One promising alternative to antibiotic therapy is the use of bacteriophages to treat antibiotic-resistant cholera infections, and control Vibrio cholera in clinical cases and in the environment, respectively. Here, we report four novel, closely related environmental myoviruses, VP4, VP6, VP18, and VP24, which we isolated from two environmental toxigenic Vibrio cholerae strains from river Kuja and Usenge beach in Kenya. High-throughput sequencing followed by bioinformatics analysis indicated that the genomes of the four bacteriophages have closely related sequences, with sizes of 148,180 bp, 148,181 bp, 148,179 bp, and 148,179 bp, and a G + C content of 36.4%. The four genomes carry the phoH gene, which is overrepresented in marine cyanophages. The isolated phages displayed a lytic activity against 15 environmental, as well as one clinical, Vibrio cholerae strains. Thus, these novel lytic vibriophages represent potential biocontrol candidates for water decontamination against pathogenic Vibrio cholerae and ought to be considered for future studies of phage therapy.

Bactericidal Efficacy of Allium sativum (garlic) Against Multidrug Resistant Vibrio cholerae O1 Epidemic Strains

2016 ◽  
Vol 66 (5) ◽  
pp. 479 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pramod Kumar ◽  
Jayprakash Yadav ◽  
Meenu Jain ◽  
Preeti Yadav ◽  
A.K. Goel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vibrio Cholerae ◽  
Allium Sativum ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Garlic Extract ◽  
Mice Model ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Adult Mice ◽  
Vibrio Cholerae O1 ◽  
Resistant Strains

In recent years, emerging trend of antibiotic resistance in Vibrio cholerae associated with cholera epidemics is a matter of serious concern for the management of the disease. Indiscriminate use of antibiotics generally results in selection of antibiotic resistant strains. Introduction of newer antibiotics is a challenging task for the researchers as bacteria soon attain resistance. Therefore, identifying natural compounds of medicinal importance for control of cholera would be the best alternative. Garlic (Allium sativum) was recognised for many centuries in early Chinese, Egyptian and Indian civilisations as an herbal or traditional medicine. In present study, garlic was selected for screening of antimicrobial efficacy against V. cholerae. A total of 55 V. cholerae strains isolated from various outbreaks/epidemics were subjected to antimicrobial testing as per CLSI, USA 2010 guidelines. Antimicrobial screening of garlic extract was performed against all the multidrug resistant strains of V. cholerae. The garlic extracts showed antibacterial activity against all the V. cholerae strains tested, irrespective of their origin, multidrug resistance and virulence. Antibacterial efficacy of garlic on V. cholerae was also evident from in vivo study on sealed adult mice model. Thus, the Garlic extract harnesses the potential to control infection of multidrug resistant V. cholerae, especially in outbreak like situations in remote and under developed areas where drug supply itself is a challenge

scholarly journals A high proportion of Vibrio cholerae strains isolated from children with diarrhoea in Bangkok, Thailand are multiple antibiotic resistant and belong to heterogenous non-O1, non-O139 O-serotypes

1999 ◽  
Vol 122 (2) ◽  
pp. 217-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. DALSGAARD ◽  
A. FORSLUND ◽  
L. BODHIDATTA ◽  
O. SERICHANTALERGS ◽  
C. PITARANGSI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Vibrio Cholerae ◽  
Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Molecular Weights ◽  
Heat Stable ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Annual Proportion ◽  
Culture Positive ◽  
Degree Of Heterogeneity

Results of a surveillance on cholera conducted with patients seen at the Children Hospital in Bangkok, Thailand from August 1993 to July 1995 are presented. Annually, isolation rates for Vibrio cholerae varied between 1·7 and 4·4% of patients with diarrhoea. V. cholerae O1 serotype Ogawa accounted for between 31 and 47% of patients cultured positive for V. cholerae, whereas the O139 serotype dominated in early 1994 after which it disappeared. Non-O1, non-O139 strains were isolated at similar rates as serotype O1 in 1993 and 1994, but accounted for 69% of V. cholerae culture positive specimens in 1995. However, the annual proportion of the isolation of non-O1, non-O139 strains showed little variation and remained low between 1·0 and 1·3%. Serotyping of 69 epidemiological unrelated non-O1, non-O139 strains produced 37 different O-serotypes. BglI ribotyping of serotypes containing more than two strains demonstrated a high degree of heterogeneity within and between serotypes, except seven serotype O37 strains which showed an identical ribotype suggesting clonality. None of the 69 strains hybridized with a cholera toxin probe and only two strains hybridized with a heat-stable enterotoxin probe. Susceptibility testing to 12 antibiotics showed that 40 of 69 (58%) non-O1, non-O139 strains were resistant to colistin, streptomycin and sulphisoxazole and 28 of 69 (41%) were multiple antibiotic resistant (MAR; [ges ]4 antibiotics). Although 26 of 69 (38%) strains contained one or more plasmids, the plasmids were of low molecular weights and did not seem to encode antibiotic resistance. The results of the present study showed that a high proportion of heterogenous MAR V. cholerae non-O1, non-O139 strains were isolated from children at the hospital. With reference to the emergence of V. cholerae O139 in 1992, we suggest that non-O1, non-O139 strains should be monitored carefully to detect new serotypes with a possible epidemic potential, but also to determine the development and mechanism of antibiotic resistance.

scholarly journals Antibiotic resistance mechanisms of Vibrio cholerae

2011 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
pp. 397-407 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maya Kitaoka ◽  
Sarah T. Miyata ◽  
Daniel Unterweger ◽  
Stefan Pukatzki
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Vibrio Cholerae ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Resistance Mechanisms ◽  
Alternative Methods ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Public Health Burden ◽  
Initial Identification ◽  
Resistant Strains

As the causative agent of cholera, the bacterium Vibrio cholerae represents an enormous public health burden, especially in developing countries around the world. Cholera is a self-limiting illness; however, antibiotics are commonly administered as part of the treatment regimen. Here we review the initial identification and subsequent evolution of antibiotic-resistant strains of V. cholerae. Antibiotic resistance mechanisms, including efflux pumps, spontaneous chromosomal mutation, conjugative plasmids, SXT elements and integrons, are also discussed. Numerous multidrug-resistant strains of V. cholerae have been isolated from both clinical and environmental settings, indicating that antibiotic use has to be restricted and alternative methods for treating cholera have to be implemented.

scholarly journals Genome sequence of Vibrio sp. OULL4 isolated from shellfish

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vengadesh Letchumanan ◽  
Wen-Si Tan ◽  
Wai-Fong Yin ◽  
Kok-Gan Chan
Keyword(s):  
Vibrio Cholerae ◽  
Genome Sequence ◽  
Vibrio Parahaemolyticus ◽  
Vibrio Vulnificus ◽  
Diverse Group ◽  
Seafood Consumption ◽  
Negative Bacterium ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Resistant Strains

The members of Vibrionaceae family are Gram-negative bacterium are ubiquitous in marine and estuarine environments. This diverse group of bacteria include many pathogenic strains that potentially cause infection to humanand aquaculture animals. Vibrio cholerae, Vibrio parahaemolyticus and Vibrio vulnificus are among the few recognized as a major, worldwide cause gastroenteritis, particularly in countries where seafood consumption is high. The control of these vibrios has been a hurdle due to the rising numbers of antibiotic resistant strains in the environments. We report the genome sequence of Vibrio sp. OULL4 isolated from shellfish. The availability of this genome sequence will facilitate the study of its antimicrobial traits, as well as add our knowledge of Vibrio sp. diversity and evolution.

scholarly journals In silico Assessment of the Genotypic Distribution of Virulence and Antibiotic Resistance Genes in Vibrio cholerae

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nusrat Nahar ◽  
Ridwan Bin Rashid
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Vibrio Cholerae ◽  
Resistance Gene ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
In Silico ◽  
Virulence Genes ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Gene ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Genes ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Genotype 2

Vibrio cholerae has long been reported as an important cause of death in developing countries. The study detected the virulence and antibiotic resistance gene of eight V. cholerae isolates through in silico tools. Cholera toxins, ctxA and ctxB were found in six isolates (75%). Seventy-five percent isolates were also found to be positive for zonula occludens toxin, zot which is known to increase the permeability by altering the tight junction of the small intestine. Accessory cholera enterotoxin ace, responsible for fluid accumulation, was detected in four V. cholerae strains. Seven isolates (87.5%) were positive for toxin-coregulated pilus, tcp which helps the bacteria to adhere to gut mucosa. Both ompW and toxR genes were found in 87.5% of the isolates. Twenty-five percent isolates harboured strA, strB, sulII, dfrA1, floR genes and SXT element demonstrating that they were multidrug-resistant (MDG) bacterium. One isolate was found to be positive for tetA gene while no erythromycin resistance gene, ermA and ermB was found. Virulence genes were found in all genotypes indicating that their distribution was not genotypeoriented while genotype 2 harboured no antibiotic resistance genes. This data helps to predict virulence genes associated with cholera and also demonstrates the presence of antibiotic resistance genes. Bacteria acquired the antibiotic resistance gene through natural process which cannot be stopped. So by analyzing the resistance pattern we can choose appropriate antibiotics. In silico study helps us to predict the antibiotic resistant genotypes and can easily identify antibiotic resistant strains which help us to treat cholera infections and reduce the morbidity and mortality rate of the infected individuals.Dhaka Univ. J. Pharm. Sci. 16(1): 77-85, 2017 (June)

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