Contribution of immunohistochemistry, electron microscopy, and cell culture to the characterization of nonfunctioning pituitary adenomas: A study of 40 cases

1992 ◽  
Vol 23 (12) ◽  
pp. 1332-1339 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Croue ◽  
Veronique Beldent ◽  
Marie-Christine Rousselet ◽  
Gilles Guy ◽  
Vincent Rohmer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Cell Culture ◽  
Pituitary Adenomas ◽  
Nonfunctioning Pituitary Adenomas

scholarly journals Electron microscopy characterization of minerals formed in vitro by human bone cells and vascular smooth muscle cells

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Tsolaki ◽  
Louis Didierlaurent ◽  
Eike Müller ◽  
Markus Rottmar ◽  
Najma Latif ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Cell Culture ◽  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells ◽  
Bone Cells ◽  
Culture Models ◽  
Cell Culture Models

AbstractSoft tissue mineralization has been found to be a major component of diseases such as aortic valve stenosis and rheumatic heart disease. Cardiovascular mineralization has been suggested to follow mechanisms similar to those of bone formation with several cell culture models been developed over the years to provide mechanistic insights. These cell models have been characterized by a wide range of biochemical and molecular methods, which identified the presence of osteogenic markers and bone-like cells. However, there is a surprisingly small number of studies where the mineral formed in these cell culture models has been characterized by physico-chemical methods, and even fewer studies have compared this mineral to the one produced by bone cells in cultures. Here we investigated the morphology and composition of the minerals formed in cell cultures of vascular smooth muscle cells and bone cells. Electron microscopy and traditional cell mineralization assays were applied, revealing that vascular cells are indeed able to form calcified nodules of elemental composition similar to bone, however with different morphology. Comparison of morphologies of the two minerals to that found in cardiovascular tissue shows that some of tissue calcification resembles the calcified fibers produced by bone cells in vitro. These results suggest that the characterization of the mineral is of utmost importance and its morphology and chemical properties can contribute an important piece of information in the comprehensive analysis of soft tissue mineralization mechanisms, both in in vitro cell culture as well as in clinical samples.

scholarly journals Presenting Features in 269 Patients With Clinically Nonfunctioning Pituitary Adenomas Enrolled in a Prospective Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pamela U Freda ◽  
Jeffrey N Bruce ◽  
Alexander G Khandji ◽  
Zhezhen Jin ◽  
Richard A Hickman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pituitary Adenomas ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Mass Effect ◽  
Outcome Data ◽  
Nonfunctioning Pituitary Adenomas ◽  
Pituitary Disease ◽  
Incidental Group ◽  
Incidental Discovery ◽  
A Prospective Study

Abstract Context Clinically nonfunctioning pituitary adenomas (CNFPAs) typically remain undetected until mass effect symptoms develop. However, currently, head imaging is performed commonly for many other indications, which may increase incidental discovery of CNFPAs. Since current presentation and outcome data are based on older, retrospective series, a prospective characterization of a contemporary CNFPA cohort was needed. Objective To determine the prevalence of incidental presentation and hypopituitarism and its predictors in a CNFPA cohort that spanned 6 to 9 mm micro- to macroadenoma included observational and surgical therapy. Methods At enrollment in a prospective, observational study, 269 patients with CNFPAs were studied by history, examination, blood sampling, and pituitary imaging analysis and categorized into incidental or symptoms presentation groups that were compared. Results Presentation was incidental in 48.7% of patients and due to tumor symptoms in 51.3%. In the symptoms and incidental groups, 58.7% and 27.4% of patients had hypopituitarism, respectively, and 25% of patients with microadenomas had hypopituitarism. Many had unappreciated signs and symptoms of pituitary disease. Most tumors were macroadenomas (87%) and were larger in the symptoms than incidental and hypopituitary groups than in the eupituitary groups. The patients in the incidental group were older, and males were older and had larger tumors in both the incidental and symptoms groups. Conclusions Patients with CNFPAs commonly present incidentally and with previously unrecognized hypopituitarism and symptoms that could have prompted earlier diagnosis. Our data support screening all large micro and macro-CNFPAs for hypopituitarism. Most patients with CNFPAs still have mass effect signs at presentation, suggesting the need for more awareness of pituitary disease. Our ongoing, prospective observation of this cohort will assess outcomes of these CNFPA groups.

Clinicopathological analysis of nonfunctioning pituitary adenomas in patients younger than 25 years of age

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 511-516 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mitsuo Yamaguchi-Okada ◽  
Naoko Inoshita ◽  
Hiroshi Nishioka ◽  
Noriaki Fukuhara ◽  
Shozo Yamada
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Light Microscopy ◽  
Pituitary Adenomas ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Young Patients ◽  
Immunohistochemical Analysis ◽  
Nonfunctioning Pituitary Adenomas ◽  
Therapeutic Procedures ◽  
Morphological Diagnosis ◽  
Subtype 3

Object The authors evaluated the pathological and clinical characteristics of young patients with clinically nonfunctioning pituitary adenomas (NFPAs). Methods Twenty-one patients (13 males and 8 females) with NFPAs who were 25 years of age or younger (mean 20 years, range 13–25 years) were retrospectively investigated. The following factors were examined: results of conventional light microscopy, immunohistochemistry, and electron microscopy; clinical symptoms; tumor size and invasion on MRI; and clinical course after therapeutic procedures such as surgery and adjuvant radiotherapy. Results Two major significant findings in young patients with NFPAs were noted. First, silent subtype 3 adenomas were common, whereas silent gonadotroph adenomas were rare. Second, silent subtype 3 adenomas in young patients tended to be clinically and radiologically aggressive. Conclusions To correct the morphological diagnosis, NFPAs in young patients should be examined by immunohistochemical analysis and electron microscopy, as well as by light microscopy. The authors' results provide information that will be useful when making decisions regarding the treatment of young patients with NFPAs.

Characterization of Tamm-Horsfall Urinary Glycoprotein

1973 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 420-421
Author(s):  
John P. Robinson ◽  
J. David Puett
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Circular Dichroism ◽  
Secondary Structure ◽  
Quaternary Structure ◽  
Normal Adult ◽  
Morphological Properties ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Circular Dichroïsm ◽  
Urinary Glycoprotein

Much work has been reported on the chemical, physical and morphological properties of urinary Tamm-Horsfall glycoprotein (THG). Although it was once reported that cystic fibrotic (CF) individuals had a defective THG, more recent data indicate that THG and CF-THG are similar if not identical.No studies on the conformational aspects have been reported on this glycoprotein using circular dichroism (CD). We examined the secondary structure of THG and derivatives under various conditions and have correlated these results with quaternary structure using electron microscopy.THG was prepared from normal adult males and CF-THG from a 16-year old CF female by the method of Tamm and Horsfall. CF female by the method of Tamm and Horsfall.

Electron Microscopic Detection and Characterization of Nonhuman Primate Enteric Viruses

1982 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 306-307
Author(s):  
G. C. Smith ◽  
R. L. Heberling ◽  
S. S. Kalter
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Animal Model ◽  
Nonhuman Primate ◽  
Clinical Condition ◽  
Intestinal Tract ◽  
Enteric Viruses ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Microscopic Detection

A number of viral agents are recognized as and suspected of causing the clinical condition “gastroenteritis.” In our attempts to establish an animal model for studies of this entity, we have been examining the nonhuman primate to ascertain what viruses may be found in the intestinal tract of “normal” animals as well as animals with diarrhea. Several virus types including coronavirus, adenovirus, herpesvirus, and picornavirus (Table I) were detected in our colony; however, rotavirus, astrovirus, and calicivirus have not yet been observed. Fecal specimens were prepared for electron microscopy by procedures reported previously.

Solid-phase immunoelectron microscopy for rapid diagnosis of enteroviruses

1984 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. 226-227 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Pegg-Feige ◽  
F. W. Doane
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Cell Culture ◽  
Immunoelectron Microscopy ◽  
Detection Method ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Protein A ◽  
Plant Viruses ◽  
Rapid Diagnosis ◽  
Virus Diagnosis ◽  
Antiviral Antibody

Immunoelectron microscopy (IEM) applied to rapid virus diagnosis offers a more sensitive detection method than direct electron microscopy (DEM), and can also be used to serotype viruses. One of several IEM techniques is that introduced by Derrick in 1972, in which antiviral antibody is attached to the support film of an EM specimen grid. Originally developed for plant viruses, it has recently been applied to several animal viruses, especially rotaviruses. We have investigated the use of this solid phase IEM technique (SPIEM) in detecting and identifying enteroviruses (in the form of crude cell culture isolates), and have compared it with a modified “SPIEM-SPA” method in which grids are coated with protein A from Staphylococcus aureus prior to exposure to antiserum.

Electron Microscope Study of RNA's of Paramyxoviruses

1972 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
pp. 196-197
Author(s):  
Ruchama Baum ◽  
J.T. Seto
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Electron Microscope Study ◽  
Sendai Virus ◽  
Sodium Dodecyl ◽  
Rna Molecules ◽  
Virus Particles ◽  
Molecular Weights ◽  
Length Measurements

The ribonucleic acid (RNA) of paramyxoviruses has been characterized by biochemical and physiochemical methods. However, paramyxovirus RNA molecules have not been studied by electron microscopy. The molecular weights of these single-stranded viral RNA molecules are not known as yet. Since electron microscopy has been found to be useful for the characterization of single-stranded RNA, this investigation was initiated to examine the morphology and length measurements of paramyxovirus RNA's.Sendai virus Z strain and Newcastle disease virus (NDV), Milano strain, were used. For these studies it was necessary to develop a method of extracting RNA molecules from purified virus particles. Highly purified Sendai virus was treated with pronase (300 μg/ml) at 37°C for 30 minutes and the RNA extracted by the sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS)-phenol procedure.

Application of solid-phase immune electron microscopy to study physical and stability characteristics of enterically transmitted non-a, non-b hepatitis virus

1988 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 80-81
Author(s):  
Charles D. Humphrey ◽  
E. H. Cook ◽  
Karen A. McCaustland ◽  
Daniel W. Bradley
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Hepatitis A ◽  
Hepatitis A Virus ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Etiologic Agent ◽  
World Health ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Morphological Identification ◽  
Immune Electron Microscopy

Enterically transmitted non-A, non-B hepatitis (ET-NANBH) is a type of hepatitis which is increasingly becoming a significant world health concern. As with hepatitis A virus (HAV), spread is by the fecal-oral mode of transmission. Until recently, the etiologic agent had not been isolated and identified. We have succeeded in the isolation and preliminary characterization of this virus and demonstrating that this agent can cause hepatic disease and seroconversion in experimental primates. Our characterization of this virus was facilitated by immune (IEM) and solid phase immune electron microscopic (SPIEM) methodologies.Many immune electron microscopy methodologies have been used for morphological identification and characterization of viruses. We have previously reported a highly effective solid phase immune electron microscopy procedure which facilitated identification of hepatitis A virus (HAV) in crude cell culture extracts. More recently we have reported utilization of the method for identification of an etiologic agent responsible for (ET-NANBH).

Cryomicroscopy of multiphase latices

1991 ◽  
Vol 49 ◽  
pp. 1060-1061
Author(s):  
O. L. Shaffer ◽  
M.S. El-Aasser ◽  
C. L. Zhao ◽  
M. A. Winnik ◽  
R. R. Shivers
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Radiation Damage ◽  
Freeze Fracture ◽  
Particle Morphology ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Important Approach ◽  
Carbon Coated ◽  
Preparation Techniques

Transmission electron microscopy is an important approach to the characterization of the morphology of multiphase latices. Various sample preparation techniques have been applied to multiphase latices such as OsO4, RuO4 and CsOH stains to distinguish the polymer phases or domains. Radiation damage by an electron beam of latices imbedded in ice has also been used as a technique to study particle morphology. Further studies have been developed in the use of freeze-fracture and the effect of differential radiation damage at liquid nitrogen temperatures of the latex particles embedded in ice and not embedded.Two different series of two-stage latices were prepared with (1) a poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) seed and poly(styrene) (PS) second stage; (2) a PS seed and PMMA second stage. Both series have varying amounts of second-stage monomer which was added to the seed latex semicontinuously. A drop of diluted latex was placed on a 200-mesh Formvar-carbon coated copper grid.

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