The enhanced diffusion of boron in silicon after high-dose implantation and during rapid thermal annealing

1991 ◽  
Vol 55 (1-4) ◽  
pp. 655-660 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Marou ◽  
A. Claverie ◽  
Ph. Salles ◽  
A. Martinez
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Annealing ◽  
Rapid Thermal Annealing ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Enhanced Diffusion ◽  
High Dose Implantation

Formation of Epitaxial NiSi2 by High Dose Implantation and Rapid Thermal Annealing

1990 ◽  
Vol 117 (2) ◽  
pp. 477-484
Author(s):  
V. Yu. Petukhov ◽  
I. B. Khaibullin ◽  
M. M. Zaripov ◽  
E. Wieser ◽  
R. Grötzschel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Annealing ◽  
Rapid Thermal Annealing ◽  
High Dose ◽  
High Dose Implantation

Modeling of Boron Diffusion and Activation for Nonequilibrium Rapid Thermal Annealing Application

1993 ◽  
Vol 303 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Kinoshita ◽  
T. H. Huang ◽  
D. L. Kwong
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Annealing ◽  
Rapid Thermal Annealing ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Boron Diffusion ◽  
Defect Model ◽  
Extended Defect ◽  
Enhanced Diffusion ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
Single Set

ABSTRACTThe diffusion and activation of ion implanted boron and BF2 during rapid thermal annealing (RTA) was modeled by considering the reaction kinetics between point defects and boron. The diffusion model uses the Monte Carlo generated point defect profiles, an extended defect model and a surface amorphization model for high dose BF2 implantation. Excellent simulation results have been achieved by using a single set of diffusion and kinetic parameters to model the enhanced diffusion of boron during RTA for a wide range of B and BF2 implant doses.

Ultra-Shallow Junctions by Ion Implantation and Rapid Thermal Annealing: Spike-Anneals, Ramp Rate Effects

1999 ◽  
Vol 568 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aditya Agarwal ◽  
Hans-J. Gossmann ◽  
Anthony T. Fiory
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Annealing ◽  
Rapid Thermal Annealing ◽  
Driving Forces ◽  
Recent Experimental Data ◽  
Enhanced Diffusion ◽  
Temperature Ramp ◽  
Rate Effects ◽  
Low Energies ◽  
Ultra Shallow Junctions ◽  
P Type

ABSTRACTOver the last couple of years rapid thermal annealing (RTA) equipment suppliers have been aggressively developing lamp-based furnaces capable of achieving ramp-up rates on the order of hundreds of degrees per second. One of the driving forces for adopting such a strategy was the experimental demonstration of 30nm p-type junctions by employing a ramp-up rate of ≈400°C/s. It was subsequently proposed that the ultra-fast temperature ramp-up was suppressing transient enhanced diffusion (TED) of boron which results from the interaction of the implantation damage with the dopant. The capability to achieve very high temperature ramp-rates was thus embraced as an essential requirement of the next generation of RTA equipment.In this paper, recent experimental data examining the effect of the ramp-up rate during spike-and soak-anneals on enhanced diffusion and shallow junction formation is reviewed. The advantage of increasing the ramp-up rate is found to be largest for the shallowest, 0.5-keV, B implants. At such ultra-low energies (ULE) the advantage arises from a reduction of the total thermal budget. Simulations reveal that a point of diminishing return is quickly reached when increasing the ramp-up rate since the ramp-down rate is in practice limited. At energies where TED dominates, a high ramp-up rate is only effective in minimizing diffusion if the implanted dose is sufficiently small so that the TED can be run out during the ramp-up portion of the anneal; for larger doses, a high ramp-up rate only serves to postpone the TED to the ramp-down duration of the anneal. However, even when TED is minimized at higher implant energies via high ramp-up rates, the advantage is unobservable due to the rather large as-implanted depth. It appears then that while spike anneals allow the activation of ULE-implanted dopants to be maximized while minimizing their diffusion the limitation imposed by the ramp-down rate compromises the advantage of very aggressive ramp-up rates.

High Performance 0.2 µm Dual Gate Complementary MOS Technologies by Suppression of Transient-Enhanced-Diffusion using Rapid Thermal Annealing

1998 ◽  
Vol 37 (Part 1, No. 3B) ◽  
pp. 1054-1058 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yukio Nishida ◽  
Hirokazu Sayama ◽  
Satoshi Shimizu ◽  
Takashi Kuroi ◽  
Akihiko Furukawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Annealing ◽  
Rapid Thermal Annealing ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Enhanced Diffusion ◽  
Transient Enhanced Diffusion ◽  
Dual Gate

Simulation of Transient Enhanced Diffusion in Silicon Taking into Account Ostwald Ripening of Defects

2002 ◽  
Vol 717 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masashi Uematsu
Keyword(s):  
Time Dependence ◽  
Diffusion Model ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Ostwald Ripening ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Enhanced Diffusion ◽  
Annealing Conditions ◽  
Transient Enhanced Diffusion ◽  
High Dose Implantation ◽  
Medium Dose

AbstractThe transient enhanced diffusion (TED) of high-dose implanted P is simulated taking into account Ostwald ripening of end-of-range (EOR) defects. First, we integrated a basic diffusion model based on the simulation of in-diffusion, where no implanted damages are involved. Second, from low-dose implantation, we developed a model for TED due to {311} self-interstitial (I) clusters involving Ostwald ripening and the dissolution of {311} clusters. Third, from medium-dose implantation, we showed that P-I clusters should be taken into account, and during the diffusion, the clusters are dissolved to emit self-interstitials that also contribute to TED. Finally, from high-dose implantation, EOR defects are modeled and we derived a formula to describe the time-dependence for Ostwald ripening of EOR defects, which is more significant at higher temperatures and longer annealing times. The simulation satisfactorily predicts the TED for annealing conditions, where the calculations overestimate the diffusion without taking Ostwald ripening into account.

Rapid Thermal Annealing in Si

1984 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
Author(s):  
T.E. Seidel ◽  
C.S. Pai ◽  
D.J. Lischner ◽  
D.M. Maher ◽  
R.V. Knoell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Annealing ◽  
Rapid Thermal Annealing ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Round Robin ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Enhanced Diffusion ◽  
Transient Enhanced Diffusion

ABSTRACTCertain aspects of Rapid Thermal Annealing (RTA) are reviewed. Temperature considerations are discussed. The implant disorder removal rate is measured (5eV removal energy for As induced damage). Shallower defect-free junctions are obtained using RTA. Results of a ”Round Robin”-RTA annealing are presented, transient enhanced diffusion is not prominent for As. New results for the concentration enhanced diffusion of As are presented. Diffusion from the channeling-tai1 region of shallow boron diffusions is noted as a limiting factor for producing shallow p+-junctions. Other issues are briefly discussed.

Supersaturated P-Type Polycrystaline Films Produced by Rapid Thermal Annealing of High Dose Boron Ion Implants for Interconnects and Shallow Junction Diffusion Sources

1990 ◽  
Vol 182 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Raicu ◽  
M.I. Current ◽  
W.A. Keenan ◽  
D. Mordo ◽  
R. Brennan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ion Implantation ◽  
Single Crystal ◽  
Thermal Annealing ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Rapid Thermal Annealing ◽  
Single Crystal Silicon ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Crystal Silicon ◽  
Polysilicon Films ◽  
P Type

AbstractHighly conductive p+-polysilicon films were fabricated over Si(100) and SiO2 surfaces using high-dose ion implantation and rapid thermal annealing. Resistivities close to that of single crystal silicon were achieved. These films were characterized by a variety of electrical and optical techniques as well as SIMS and cross-section TEM.

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