Measurement of in vivo Oxidation and Reduction by the Controlled Potential Method

1974 ◽  
Vol 1 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 427-437
Author(s):  
Paul A. Loach ◽  
Jennifer A. Culbert-Runquist
Keyword(s):  
Potential Method ◽  
Controlled Potential

scholarly journals Partial Decellularization for Segmental Tracheal Scaffold Tissue Engineering: A Preliminary Study in Rabbits

Biomolecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 866
Author(s):  
Luong Huu Dang ◽  
Yuan Tseng ◽  
How Tseng ◽  
Shih-Han Hung
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Stability ◽  
Vital Staining ◽  
Potential Method ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
Long Term Survival ◽  
Cartilage Cells ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
Epithelial Layers

In this study, we developed a new procedure for the rapid partial decellularization of the harvested trachea. Partial decellularization was performed using a combination of detergent and sonication to completely remove the epithelial layers outside of the cartilage ring. The post-decellularized tracheal segments were assessed with vital staining, which showed that the core cartilage cells remarkably remained intact while the cells outside of the cartilage were no longer viable. The ability of the decellularized tracheal segments to evade immune rejection was evaluated through heterotopic implantation of the segments into the chest muscle of rabbits without any immunosuppressive therapy, which demonstrated no evidence of severe rejection or tissue necrosis under H&E staining, as well as the mechanical stability under stress-pressure testing. Finally, orthotopic transplantation of partially decellularized trachea with no immunosuppression treatment resulted in 2 months of survival in two rabbits and one long-term survival (2 years) in one rabbit. Through evaluations of posttransplantation histology and endoscopy, we confirmed that our partial decellularization method could be a potential method of producing low-immunogenic cartilage scaffolds with viable, functional core cartilage cells that can achieve long-term survival after in vivo transplantation.

scholarly journals Circular RNA _0008278 acts as a sponge of miR-378 and promotes proliferation and metastasis in gastric cancer

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuan Li ◽  
Haisheng Qian ◽  
Hao Dong ◽  
Yini Dang ◽  
Lei Peng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Bioinformatic Analysis ◽  
Potential Method ◽  
Circular Rna ◽  
Migration And Invasion ◽  
Normal Tissues ◽  
Tumour Metastasis ◽  
Regulatory Molecule

Abstract Background: Circular RNA (circRNA) is rising as an indispensable regulatory molecule in the progression of various kinds of malignant growth. However, little is known about the capacity and instruments of circRNA_0008727 in gastric cancer (GC). Our point was to recognize a novel circRNA-microRNA-mRNA useful system in gastric cancer. Method: CircRNA_0008278 was identified in three paired cancer specimens and adjacent normal tissues by RNA sequencing and genome-wide bioinformatic analysis and verified by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). Knockdown or exogenous expression of circRNA_0008278 combined with in vitro and in vivo assays were performed to prove the functional significance of circRNA_0008278. The molecular mechanism of circRNA_0008278 was demonstrated by searching the CircNet database and confirmed by RNA in vivo precipitation assays, western blotting, luciferase assays and rescue experiments.Results: CircRNA_0008278 was frequently upregulated in GC tissues, and high circRNA_0008278 expression was associated with poor prognosis, lymph node metastasis and poor TNM stage in GC patients. Functionally, circRNA_0008278 overexpression promoted GC cell proliferation and tumourigenicity in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, circRNA_0008278 over-expression enhanced GC cell migration and invasion in vitro and tumour metastasis in vivo. In addition, we demonstrated that circRNA_0008278 could sponge miR-378, thus indirectly regulating theYY1 expression and contributing to GC tumourigenesis.Conclusion: Our findings demonstrate that circRNA_0008278 functions as a tumour promoter in GC, and a new pathway circRNA_0008278/miR-378/YY1 which may be potential method for gastric cancer treatment.

HPLC-MS/MS: A potential method to track the in vivo degradation of zein-based biomaterial

2017 ◽  
Vol 106 (2) ◽  
pp. 606-613 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hua-Jie Wang ◽  
Yue Zhang ◽  
Shunji Kato ◽  
Kiyotaka Nakagawa ◽  
Fumiko Kimura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Potential Method ◽  
In Vivo Degradation

scholarly journals Terminal-group oxidation of retinol by mouse epidermis. Inhibition in vitro and in vivo

1987 ◽  
Vol 244 (2) ◽  
pp. 489-492 ◽  
Author(s):  
M J Connor ◽  
M H Smit
Keyword(s):  
Retinoic Acid ◽  
Alcohol Dehydrogenase ◽  
Potential Method ◽  
Terminal Group ◽  
Hairless Mouse ◽  
Mouse Epidermis ◽  
Dehydrogenase Isoenzyme ◽  
Oxidation System

Locally applied retinol is metabolized to retinoic acid in mouse epidermis in vivo. To characterize the oxidation system we investigated the ability of soluble extracts of hairless-mouse epidermis to convert retinol and retinal into retinoic acid. The extracts oxidized retinol to retinoic acid in two steps catalysed by two NAD+-dependent enzymes that were resolved on h.p.l.c. The first enzyme catalyses the reversible oxidation of retinol to retinal and is an alcohol dehydrogenase isoenzyme. The second enzyme oxidizes retinal to retinoic acid. Retinol oxidation by epidermal extracts was inhibited by the alcohol dehydrogenase inhibitor 4-methylpyrazole and by the polyene citral. The toxicity and relatively low potency at inhibiting the epidermal alcohol dehydrogenase isoenzyme curtailed the use of 4-methylpyrazole in vivo. However, citral significantly inhibited retinoic acid formation from retinol in the epidermis in vivo. The ability to inhibit the oxidation of retinol to retinoic acid in mouse epidermis provides a potential method to resolve the roles of retinol and retinoic acid in epithelial function.

scholarly journals Investigating Immune Responses to the scAAV9-HEXM Gene Therapy Treatment in Tay–Sachs Disease and Sandhoff Disease Mouse Models

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (13) ◽  
pp. 6751
Author(s):  
Shalini Kot ◽  
Subha Karumuthil-Melethil ◽  
Evan Woodley ◽  
Violeta Zaric ◽  
Patrick Thompson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Gene Transfer ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
Mouse Models ◽  
Viral Vector ◽  
Sandhoff Disease ◽  
Potential Method ◽  
T Cell Response ◽  
Tay Sachs Disease

GM2 gangliosidosis disorders are a group of neurodegenerative diseases that result from a functional deficiency of the enzyme β-hexosaminidase A (HexA). HexA consists of an α- and β-subunit; a deficiency in either subunit results in Tay–Sachs Disease (TSD) or Sandhoff Disease (SD), respectively. Viral vector gene transfer is viewed as a potential method of treating these diseases. A recently constructed isoenzyme to HexA, called HexM, has the ability to effectively catabolize GM2 gangliosides in vivo. Previous gene transfer studies have revealed that the scAAV9-HEXM treatment can improve survival in the murine SD model. However, it is speculated that this treatment could elicit an immune response to the carrier capsid and “non-self”-expressed transgene. This study was designed to assess the immunocompetence of TSD and SD mice, and test the immune response to the scAAV9-HEXM gene transfer. HexM vector-treated mice developed a significant anti-HexM T cell response and antibody response. This study confirms that TSD and SD mouse models are immunocompetent, and that gene transfer expression can create an immune response in these mice. These mouse models could be utilized for investigating methods of mitigating immune responses to gene transfer-expressed “non-self” proteins, and potentially improve treatment efficacy.

scholarly journals Cavitation Rheology as a Potential Method for In Vivo Assessment of Skin Biomechanics

2013 ◽  
Vol 131 (2) ◽  
pp. 303e-305e ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael S. Chin ◽  
Brian B. Freniere ◽  
Sami Fakhouri ◽  
John E. Harris ◽  
Janice F. Lalikos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Potential Method ◽  
Cavitation Rheology ◽  
Skin Biomechanics ◽  
In Vivo Assessment

Nonviral gene therapy targeting cardiovascular system

2012 ◽  
Vol 303 (6) ◽  
pp. H629-H638 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheng-Huang Su ◽  
Yih-Jer Wu ◽  
Hsueh-Hsiao Wang ◽  
Hung-I Yeh
Keyword(s):  
Gene Therapy ◽  
Gene Transfer ◽  
Gene Delivery ◽  
Viral Vectors ◽  
Potential Method ◽  
Therapeutic Angiogenesis ◽  
Advanced Technology ◽  
Target Cells ◽  
Peripheral Tissues

The goal of gene therapy is either to introduce a therapeutic gene into or replace a defective gene in an individual's cells and tissues. Gene therapy has been urged as a potential method to induce therapeutic angiogenesis in ischemic myocardium and peripheral tissues after extensive investigation in recent preclinical and clinical studies. A successful gene therapy mainly relies on the development of the gene delivery vector. Developments in viral and nonviral vector technology including cell-based gene transfer will further improve transgene delivery and expression efficiency. Nonviral approaches as alternative gene delivery vehicles to viral vectors have received significant attention. Recently, a simple and safe approach of gene delivery into target cells using naked DNA has been improved by combining several techniques. Among the physical approaches, ultrasonic microbubble gene delivery, with its high safety profile, low costs, and repeatable applicability, can increase the permeability of cell membrane to macromolecules such as plasmid DNA by its bioeffects and can provide as a feasible tool in gene delivery. On the other hand, among the promising areas for gene therapy in acquired diseases, ischemic cardiovascular diseases have been widely studied. As a result, gene therapy using advanced technology may play an important role in this regard. The aims of this review focus on understanding the cellular and in vivo barriers in gene transfer and provide an overview of currently used chemical vectors and physical tools that are applied in nonviral cardiovascular gene transfer.

scholarly journals Multimodality Molecular Imaging of Stem Cells Therapy for Stroke

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fangfang Chao ◽  
Yehua Shen ◽  
Hong Zhang ◽  
Mei Tian
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Molecular Imaging ◽  
Multimodality Imaging ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Potential Method ◽  
Nuclear Medicine Imaging ◽  
Therapeutic Benefits ◽  
Stem Cells Therapy ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

Stem cells have been proposed as a promising therapy for treating stroke. While several studies have demonstrated the therapeutic benefits of stem cells, the exact mechanism remains elusive. Molecular imaging provides the possibility of the visual representation of biological processes at the cellular and molecular level. In order to facilitate research efforts to understand the stem cells therapeutic mechanisms, we need to further develop means of monitoring these cells noninvasively, longitudinally and repeatedly. Because of tissue depth and the blood-brain barrier (BBB), in vivo imaging of stem cells therapy for stroke has unique challenges. In this review, we describe existing methods of tracking transplanted stem cells in vivo, including magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), nuclear medicine imaging, and optical imaging (OI). Each of the imaging techniques has advantages and drawbacks. Finally, we describe multimodality imaging strategies as a more comprehensive and potential method to monitor transplanted stem cells for stroke.

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